题目内容
如图,在四棱锥
中,底面
是正方形,侧面
是正三角形,且平面
⊥底面![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812644526.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240028127079464.png)
(1)求证:
⊥平面![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812660439.png)
(2)求直线
与底面
所成角的余弦值;
(3)设
,求点
到平面
的距离.
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812629603.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812644526.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812660439.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812660439.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812644526.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240028127079464.png)
(1)求证:
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812722396.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812660439.png)
(2)求直线
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812754383.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812644526.png)
(3)设
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812785430.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812800315.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812816448.png)
(1)∵底面ABCD是正方形,∴AB⊥AD,∵平面PAD⊥底面ABCD,AB
底面ABCD,底面ABCD∩平面PAD=AD,∴AB⊥平面PAD;(2)
;(3)![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812847464.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812832194.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812832452.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812847464.png)
试题分析:(1)∵底面ABCD是正方形,∴AB⊥AD,∵平面PAD⊥底面ABCD,AB
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812832194.png)
(2)取AD的中点F,连结AF,CF,∵平面PAD⊥平面ABCD,且PF⊥AD,
∴PF⊥平面BCD,∴CF是PC在平面ABCD上的射影,
∴∠PCF是直线PC与底面ABCD所成的角
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812894884.png)
(3)设点D到平面PBC的距离为h,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240028129101289.png)
在△PBC中,易知PB=PC=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812925336.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002813003741.png)
又
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240028130341018.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240028130501139.png)
即点D到平面PBC的距离为
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824002812847464.png)
点评:对于距离问题往往通过转化的方法简化计算,这两个问题是立体几何中的重点问题,要求我们格外注意这类问题
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/images/loading.gif)
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