题目内容
已知椭圆
的离心率
,且直线
是抛物线
的一条切线.
(1)求椭圆的方程;
(2)点P
为椭圆上一点,直线
,判断l与椭圆的位置关系并给出理由;
(3)过椭圆上一点P作椭圆的切线交直线
于点A,试判断线段AP为直径的圆是否恒过定点,若是,求出定点坐标;若不是,请说明理由.
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805418993.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805433503.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805449578.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805465477.png)
(1)求椭圆的方程;
(2)点P
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805480525.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805496771.png)
(3)过椭圆上一点P作椭圆的切线交直线
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805511567.png)
(1)
;(2)直线l与椭圆相切;(3)![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805543585.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805527651.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805543585.png)
试题分析:(1)直线
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805449578.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805465477.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805574400.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805605299.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805433503.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805621553.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805636450.png)
(2)直线
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805652290.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805496771.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805683310.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805699266.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805714319.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805480525.png)
(3)首先取两种特殊情形:切点分别在短轴两端点时,求其切线方程,并求他们的交点,交点有可能是恒过的定点,如果是圆上恒过的定点
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805745399.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805761672.png)
试题解析:(1)因为直线
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805449578.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805465477.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240448058081081.png)
即
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240448058231354.png)
又
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805839548.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805855680.png)
所以椭圆的方程是
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805527651.png)
(2)由
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240448058701137.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240448058861145.png)
|
|
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805901496.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240448059331295.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240448059331782.png)
∴直线l与椭圆相切 9分
(3)首先取两种特殊情形:切点分别在短轴两端点时,
求得两圆的方程为
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240448059481850.png)
两圆相交于点(
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805964307.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805979439.png)
若定点为椭圆的右焦点(
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805995594.png)
则需证:
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044806011590.png)
设点
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044806026595.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044806042707.png)
所以点
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240448060731592.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240448060891215.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240448061042892.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044806011590.png)
若定点为
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044806135724.png)
则
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240448061512343.png)
综上,以线段AP为直径的圆恒过定点(
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824044805964307.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/images/loading.gif)
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