ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
17£®È¼ÉÕ·¨ÊDzⶨÓлú»¯ºÏÎï·Ö×ÓʽµÄÒ»ÖÖÖØÒª·½·¨£®Çë»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺£¨1£©ÏÂÁÐ4ÖÖÓлúÎï¸÷1mol£¬·Ö±ðÔÚ×ãÁ¿µÄÑõÆøÖгä·ÖȼÉÕ£¬ÏûºÄÑõÆø×î¶àµÄÊÇC£¨ÌîÐòºÅ£©
A£®CH4 B£®C2H4 C£®C2H6 D£®C2H6O
£¨2£©0.1molijÌþBÍêȫȼÉÕºó£¬Éú³ÉµÄCO2ÆøÌåÌå»ýΪ6.72L£¨STP£©£¬Éú³ÉµÄˮΪ7.2g£¬Ôò0.1mol BÖУ¬º¬Ì¼µÄÖÊÁ¿Îª3.6g£»º¬ÇâµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª0.8g£»BµÄ·Ö×ÓʽΪC3H8£®
·ÖÎö £¨1£©¸ù¾ÝÓлúÎïȼÉÕµÄͨʽ¼ÆË㣬ͨʽΪ£ºCxHyOz+£¨x+$\frac{y}{4}$-$\frac{z}{2}$£©O2¡úxCO2+$\frac{y}{2}$H2OÀ´È·¶¨¸÷ÎïÖʵÄÏûºÄÑõÆøµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£»
£¨2£©¸ù¾ÝCO2ÆøÌåÌå»ý¼ÆËãCÔ×ÓµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬¸ù¾ÝË®µÄÖÊÁ¿¼ÆËãHÔ×ÓµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬½ø¶ø¸ù¾ÝÌþµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿¿É¼ÆËãÌþµÄ·Ö×Óʽ£¬´Ó¶ø¿ÉÈ·¶¨½á¹¹¼òʽ£®
½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©A£®1molCH4ÏûºÄΪ2molÑõÆø£»B£®1molC2H4ÏûºÄÁ¿Îª3molÑõÆø£»C£®1molC2H6ÏûºÄÁ¿Îª3.5molÑõÆø£» D£®1molC2H6OÏûºÄÁ¿Îª3molÑõÆø£¬ËùÒÔÏûºÄÑõÆø×î¶àµÄÊÇC2H6£¬¹ÊÑ¡C£»
£¨2£©Éú³ÉµÄCO2ÆøÌåÌå»ýΪ6.72L£¨STP£©¼´0.3mol£¬ËùÒÔn£¨C£©=n£¨CO2£©=0.3mol£»ËùÒÔm£¨C£©=12¡Á0.3=3.6g£¬
Éú³ÉµÄˮΪ7.2g£¬¼´0.4mol£¬ËùÒÔn£¨H£©=2n£¨H2O£©=0.8molËùÒÔm£¨H£©=0.8g£»n£¨Ìþ£©£ºn£¨C£©£ºn£¨H£©=0.1£º0.3£º0.8=1£º3£º8£¬ËùÒÔÌþBµÄ·Ö×ÓʽΪ£ºC3H8£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º3.6£»0.8£»C3H8£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÌþµÄ·Ö×ÓʽµÄÈ·¶¨£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶȲ»´ó£¬±¾Ìâ×¢Òâ¼ÆËã³ö1molÌþÖк¬ÓÐC¡¢HÔ×ÓµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿¿É¼ÆËãÌþµÄ·Ö×Óʽ£®
A£® | Cl2 | B£® | NO2 | C£® | SO2 | D£® | H2O2 |
A£® | ÓÍÖ¬ÊÇÈÈÖµ×î¸ßµÄÓªÑøÎïÖÊ | |
B£® | ±½ºÍÒÒ´¼¶¼ÄÜ·¢ÉúÑõ»¯·´Ó¦ | |
C£® | ¾ÛÒÒÏ©ÄÜʹËáÐÔ¸ßÃÌËá¼ØÈÜÒºÍÊÉ« | |
D£® | ÓÃNa2CO3ÈÜÒº¿ÉÒÔÇø·ÖCH3COOHºÍCH3COOCH2CH3 |
A£® | ¸Ã¼¼Êõ¿ÉÓÃÓÚ¹Û²ìһЩ½ºÌåÁ£×ÓµÄÔ˶¯ | |
B£® | ¸Ã¼¼Êõ¿ÉÓÃÓÚ¹Û²ìһЩ´ó·Ö×Óµ°°×ÖÊµÄºÏ³É | |
C£® | ¸Ã¼¼Êõʹ¹Û²ìË®µÄ·Ö×ÓÍŴؽṹ³ÉΪ¿ÉÄÜ | |
D£® | ¸Ã¼¼Êõ¿ÉÓÃÓÚ·Ö±æÓ«¹â·Ö×ÓÖи÷ÖÖ²»Í¬ÖÖÀàµÄÔ×Ó |
Ñ¡Ïî | ¢Ù | ¢Ú | ¢Û | ʵÑé½áÂÛ | |
A | Ï¡ÑÎËá | Na2SO4 | äåË® | SO2¾ßÓÐƯ°×ÐÔ | |
B | Ũ°±Ë® | CaO | AlCl3ÈÜÒº | °×É«³ÁµíÉú³ÉºóÓÖÈܽâ | |
C | Ë«ÑõË® | MnO2 | KIÈÜÒº | Ñõ»¯ÐÔ£ºO2£¾I2 | |
D | Ï¡´×Ëá | Na2CO3 | Na2SiO3ÈÜÒº | ËáÐÔ£º´×Ë᣾̼Ë᣾¹èËá |
A£® | A | B£® | B | C£® | C | D£® | D |
A£® | NO2--ÎÞÉ«ÆøÌå | B£® | BaSO4--»ÒÂÌÉ«¹ÌÌå | ||
C£® | Al£¨OH£©3--°×É«¹ÌÌå | D£® | H2O--°×É«ÒºÌå |
X | Y | Z | |
W | M | Q |
£¨2£©X¡¢Y¡¢ZÈýÖÖÔªËصÄÔ×Ӱ뾶ÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇr£¨N£©£¾r£¨O£©£¾r£¨F£©£®
£¨3£©W¡¢M¡¢QÈýÖÖÔªËØ×î¸ß¼ÛÑõ»¯Îï¶ÔÓ¦µÄË®»¯ÎïÖУ¬ËáÐÔÓÉÇ¿µ½ÈõµÄ˳ÐòÊÇHClO4£¾H2SO4£¾H2SiO3£®
£¨4£©XµÄº¬10¸öµç×ÓµÄÆø̬Ç⻯Îï¼×ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÖØÒªµÄ»¯¹¤ÔÁÏ£®¼×¿ÉÒÔÓëXµÄ×î¸ß¼ÛÑõ»¯Îï¶ÔÓ¦µÄË®»¯ÎïÈÜÒº·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÑÎÒÒ£¬ÒÒÈÜÒºÖеÄÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇc£¨NO3-£©£¾c£¨NH4+£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£®XµÄº¬18¸öµç×ÓµÄÆø̬Ç⻯Îï±û¿ÉÓë¿ÕÆø¹¹³ÉÒ»ÖÖ»·±£ÐͼîÐÔȼÁϵç³Ø£¬µç³Ø¹¤×÷ʱ±û·¢ÉúµÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½ÊÇN2H4-4e-+4OH-¨TN2+4H2O£®
£¨5£©¹¤ÒµÉÏÓÃÈçͼËùʾװÖõç½âQÔªËصÄÄÆÑÎÈÜÒº¶¡£¬»ñµÃÒ»ÖÖº¬QÔªËصÄÏû¶¾¼Á±û£®¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽÊÇCl-+H2O $\frac{\underline{\;µç½â\;}}{\;}$ClO-+H2¡ü£®±ûµÄµç×Óʽ£®
£¨6£©½à²ÞÁéµÄÖ÷Òª³É·ÖÊÇHCl£®ÏÂÁйØÓÚ±»¯ÇâµÄÐÔÖʱȽÏÖдíÎóµÄÊÇAC
A£®ËáÐÔ£ºHF£¾HCl£¾HBr£¾HI B£®¼üÄÜ£ºH-F£¾H-Cl£¾H-Br£¾H-I
C£®·Ðµã£ºHF£¼HCl£¼HBr£¼HI D£®»¹ÔÐÔ£ºHF£¼HCl£¼HBr£¼HI£®