题目内容

某兴趣小组以苯和乙烯为主要原料,采用以下路线合成药物普鲁卡因:

已知:

(1)对于普鲁卡因,下列说法正确的是________。

A.可与浓盐酸形成盐 B.不与氢气发生加成反应
C.可发生水解反应 D.能形成内盐
(2)写出化合物B的结构简式________。
(3)写出B→C反应所需的试剂________。
(4)写出C+D→E的化学反应方程式________。
(5)写出同时符合下列条件的B的所有同分异构体的结构简式________。
①分子中含有羧基
1H-NMR谱显示分子中含有苯环,且苯环上有两种不同化学环境的氢原子
(6)通常采用乙烯为原料制得环氧乙烷后与X反应合成D,请用化学反应方程式表示以乙烯为原料制备X的合成路线(无机试剂任选)。

(1)A、C
(2)
(3)酸性KMnO4溶液
(4)+HOCH2CH2N(CH2CH3)2
+H2O
(5)
(6)CH2=CH2+HCl—→CH3CH2Cl,2CH3CH2Cl+NH3—→HN(CH2CH3)2+2HCl

解析试题分析:有和CH2=CH2化合生成A:。根据普鲁卡因对位结构确定B是;再进一步氧化侧链,用酸性高锰酸钾溶液,得到C是
(5) B的同分异构体中:①分子中含有羧基,即-COOH;N原子只能与碳原子相连;②1H-NMR谱显示分子中含有苯环,且苯环上有两种不同化学环境的氢原子,说明两个侧链是对位结构。
考点:基础有机。考查结构简式、反应方程式和同分异构体的书写。

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相关题目

(15分)有机物A为芳香烃,质谱分析表明其相对分子质量为92,某课题小组以A为起始原料可以合成酯类香料H和高分子化合物I,其相关反应如下图所示:                                                       
已知以下信息:
①碳烯(:CH2)又称卡宾,它十分活跃,很容易用它的两个未成对电子插在烷烃分子的C-H键之间使碳链增长。
②通常在同一个碳原子连有两个羟基不稳定,易脱水形成羰基。
回答下列问题:

(1)A的化学名称为         
(2)由B生成C的化学方程式为                ,该反应类型为          。                                                              (3)G的结构简式为           
(4)请写出由F生成I的化学方程式                                             
(5)写出G到H的反应方程式                                       。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
(6)H的所有同分异构体中,满足下列条件的共有        种;
①含有苯环        ②苯环上只有一个取代基          ③属于酯类
其中核磁共振氢谱有五种不同化学环境的氢,且峰面积比为1:1:2:2:6的是           (写结构简式)。

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