ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿¡¾2016½ìºªµ¦Ò»Ä£¡¿¡¾»¯Ñ§Ñ¡ÐÞ3£ºÎïÖʽṹÓëÐÔÖÊ¡¿
ÐÂÐÍ´¢Çâ²ÄÁÏÊÇ¿ª·¢ÀûÓÃÇâÄܵÄÖØÒªÑо¿·½Ïò¡£
£¨1£©Ti(BH4)3ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ´¢Çâ²ÄÁÏ£¬¿ÉÓÉTiCl4ºÍLiBH4·´Ó¦ÖƵá£
¢Ù»ù̬ClÔ×ÓÖУ¬µç×ÓÕ¼¾ÝµÄ×î¸ßÄܲã·ûºÅΪ_________£¬¸ÃÄܲã¾ßÓеÄÔ×Ó¹ìµÀÊýΪ________¡£
¢ÚLiBH4ÓÉLi+ºÍBH4-¹¹³É£¬BH4-µÄÁ¢Ìå½á¹¹ÊÇ_________£¬BÔ×ÓµÄÔÓ»¯¹ìµÀÀàÐÍÊÇ________¡£
Li¡¢B¡¢HÔªËصĵ縺ÐÔÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡ÅÅÁÐ˳ÐòΪ________¡£
£¨2£©½ðÊôÇ⻯ÎïÊǾßÓÐÁ¼ºÃ·¢Õ¹Ç°¾°µÄ´¢Çâ²ÄÁÏ¡£
¢ÙLiHÖУ¬Àë×Ӱ뾶Li+_______H-(Ìî¡°£¾¡±¡¢¡°=¡±»ò¡°£¼¡±)£®¢Úij´¢Çâ²ÄÁÏÊǵÚÈýÖÜÆÚ½ðÊôÔªËØMµÄÇ⻯ÎMµÄ²¿·ÖµçÀëÄÜÈç±íËùʾ£º
I1/kJmol-1 | I2/kJmol-1 | I3/kJmol-1 | I4/kJmol-1 | I5/kJmol-1 |
738 | 1451 | 7733 | 10540 | 13630 |
MÊÇ________ (ÌîÔªËØ·ûºÅ)¡£
£¨3£©NaH¾ßÓÐNaClÐ;§Ìå½á¹¹£¬ÒÑÖªNaH¾§ÌåµÄ¾§°û²ÎÊýa=488pm(Àⳤ)£¬Na+°ë¾¶Îª102pm£¬H-µÄ°ë¾¶Îª________£¬NaHµÄÀíÂÛÃܶÈÊÇ___________g¡¤cm-3(Ö»ÁÐËãʽ£¬²»±Ø¼ÆËã³öÊýÖµ£¬°¢·ü¼ÓµÂÂÞ³£ÊýΪNA)
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿£¨15·Ö£© £¨1£©¢ÙM£¨1·Ö£© 9£¨1·Ö£© ¢ÚÕýËÄÃæÌå £¨2·Ö£© sp3£¨2·Ö£© H>B>Li£¨2·Ö£©
£¨2£©¢Ù<£¨1·Ö£© ¢ÚMg £¨2·Ö£©£¨3£©142pm£¨2·Ö£© £¨2·Ö£©
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©¢Ù»ù̬ClÔ×Ӻ˵çºÉÊýΪ17£¬ºËÍâÈý¸öµç×Ӳ㣬µç×ÓÕ¼¾ÝµÄ×î¸ßÄܲã·ûºÅΪM£¬¸ÃÄܲã¾ßÓеÄÔ×Ó¹ìµÀ°üÀ¨s¡¢p¡¢d¹²9¸ö¹ìµÀ£» ¢ÚBH4-ÖÐBÔ×Ó¼Û²ãµç×ÓÊý=4+(3+14¡Á1)=4£¬ÇÒ²»º¬¹Âµç×Ó¶Ô£¬ËùÒÔÊÇÕýËÄÃæÌå¹¹ÐÍ£¬BÔ×ÓµÄÔÓ»¯¹ìµÀÀàÐÍÊÇsp3£»·Ç½ðÊôµÄ·Ç½ðÊôÐÔԽǿÆäµç¸ºÐÔÔ½´ó£¬·Ç½ðÊôÐÔ×îÇ¿µÄÊÇHÔªËØ£¬Æä´ÎÊÇBÔªËØ£¬×îСµÄÊÇLiÔªËØ£¬ËùÒÔLi¡¢B¡¢HÔªËصĵ縺ÐÔÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡ÅÅÁÐ˳ÐòΪH£¾B£¾Li£» £¨2£©¢ÙLiHÖÐLi+ºÍH-Àë×ӽṹÏàͬ£¬ºËµçºÉÊý´ó£¬Àë×Ӱ뾶С£¬Àë×Ӱ뾶Li+£¼H-£»¢Ú¸ÃÔªËصĵÚIIIµçÀëÄܾçÔö£¬Ôò¸ÃÔªËØÊôÓÚµÚIIA×壬ΪMgÔªËØ£»£¨3£©Òò2£¨r Na++rH-£©=a£¬ÔòrH-=a/2- r Na+=142pm£»Ã¿¸ö¾§°ûÖк¬ÓÐ4NaH£¬Ôò1mol¾§°ûÖк¬4molNaH£¬ÖÊÁ¿Îª24¡Á4g£¬Ìå»ýΪNA£¨488¡Á10-10£©3cm3£¬ÔòNaHµÄÀíÂÛÃܶÈΪm/V= g¡¤cm-3¡£