ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
[»¯Ñ§-ÎïÖʽṹÓëÐÔÖÊ]½ðÊôÄøÔÚµç³Ø¡¢ºÏ½ð¡¢´ß»¯¼ÁµÈ·½ÃæÓ¦Óù㷺£®£¨1£©ÏÂÁйØÓÚ½ðÊô¼°½ðÊô¼üµÄ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ £®
a£®½ðÊô¼ü¾ßÓз½ÏòÐÔÓë±¥ºÍÐÔ
b£®½ðÊô¼üÊǽðÊôÑôÀë×ÓÓë×ÔÓɵç×Ó¼äµÄÏ໥×÷ÓÃ
c£®½ðÊôµ¼µçÊÇÒòΪÔÚÍâ¼Óµç³¡×÷ÓÃϲúÉú×ÔÓɵç×Ó
d£®½ðÊô¾ßÓйâÔóÊÇÒòΪ½ðÊôÑôÀë×ÓÎüÊÕ²¢·Å³ö¿É¼û¹â
£¨2£©NiÊÇÔªËØÖÜÆÚ±íÖеÚ28ºÅÔªËØ£¬µÚ¶þÖÜÆÚ»ù̬Ô×Óδ³É¶Ôµç×ÓÊýÓëNiÏàͬÇҵ縺ÐÔ×îСµÄÔªËØÊÇ £®
£¨3£©¹ýÂ˽ðÊôÅäºÏÎïNi£¨CO£©nµÄÖÐÐÄÔ×Ó¼Ûµç×ÓÊýÓëÅäÌåÌṩµç×Ó×ÜÊýÖ®ºÍΪ18£¬Ôòn= £®COÓëN2½á¹¹ÏàËÆ£¬CO·Ö×ÓÄÚ¦Ò¼üÓë¦Ð¼ü¸öÊýÖ®±ÈΪ £®
£¨4£©¼×È©£¨H2C¨TO£©ÔÚNi´ß»¯×÷ÓÃϼÓÇâ¿ÉµÃ¼×´¼£¨CH3OH£©£®¼×´¼·Ö×ÓÄÚCÔ×ÓµÄÔÓ»¯·½Ê½Îª £¬¼×´¼·Ö×ÓÄÚµÄO-C-H¼ü½Ç £¨Ìî¡°´óÓÚ¡±¡°µÈÓÚ¡±»ò¡°Ð¡ÓÚ¡±£©¼×È©·Ö×ÓÄÚµÄO-C-H¼ü½Ç£®
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©½ðÊô¼üûÓз½ÏòÐԺͱ¥ºÍÐÔ£¬½ðÊô¼üÊǽðÊôÑôÀë×ÓºÍ×ÔÓɵç×Ó¼äµÄÏ໥×÷Ó㬽ðÊôµ¼µçÊÇÒòΪ×ÔÓɵç×ÓÔÚÍâ¼Óµç³¡×÷ÓÃÏ·¢Éú¶¨ÏòÒƶ¯£¬Êô¾ßÓйâÔóÊÇÒòΪ×ÔÓɵç×ÓÄܹ»ÎüÊտɼû¹â£»
£¨2£©NiµÄÍâΧµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª3d84s2£¬3dÄܼ¶ÉÏÓÐ2¸öδ³É¶Ôµç×Ó£»
£¨3£©COÅäλʱ£¬Ìṩ̼Ô×ÓÉϵÄÒ»¶Ô¹Â¶Ôµç×Ó£»COÖÐCºÍOÒÔÈý¼ü½áºÏ£»
£¨4£©ABmÐÍÔÓ»¯ÀàÐ͵ÄÅжϣº
ÖÐÐÄÔ×Óµç×Ó¶Ô¼ÆË㹫ʽ£ºµç×Ó¶ÔÊýn=£¨ÖÐÐÄÔ×ӵļ۵ç×ÓÊý+ÅäλÔ×ӵijɼüµç×ÓÊý±µçºÉÊý£©
×¢Ò⣺¢Ùµ±ÉÏÊö¹«Ê½ÖеçºÉÊýΪÕýֵʱȡ¡°-¡±£¬µçºÉÊýΪ¸ºÖµÊ±È¡¡°+¡±£®
¢Úµ±ÅäλÔ×ÓΪÑõÔ×Ó»òÁòÔ×Óʱ£¬³É¼üµç×ÓÊýΪÁ㣮
¸ù¾ÝnÖµÅжÏÔÓ»¯ÀàÐÍ£ºÒ»°ãÓÐÈçϹæÂÉ£ºµ±n=2£¬spÔÓ»¯£»n=3£¬sp2ÔÓ»¯£»n=4£¬sp3ÔÓ»¯£»sp3ÔÓ»¯ÊÇËÄÃæÌå¹¹ÐÍ£¬sp2ÔÓ»¯£¬·Ö×Ó³ÊƽÃæÈý½ÇÐΣ®
½â´ð£º½â£º£¨1£©a£®½ðÊô¼üûÓз½ÏòÐԺͱ¥ºÍÐÔ£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
b£®½ðÊô¼üÊǽðÊôÑôÀë×ÓºÍ×ÔÓɵç×Ó¼äµÄÏ໥×÷Ó㬹ÊBÕýÈ·£»
c£®½ðÊôµ¼µçÊÇÒòΪ×ÔÓɵç×ÓÔÚÍâ¼Óµç³¡×÷ÓÃÏ·¢Éú¶¨ÏòÒƶ¯£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»
d£®½ðÊô¾ßÓйâÔóÊÇÒòΪ×ÔÓɵç×ÓÄܹ»ÎüÊտɼû¹â£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºb£»
£¨2£©NiµÄÍâΧµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª3d84s2£¬3dÄܼ¶ÉÏÓÐ2¸öδ³É¶Ôµç×Ó£®µÚ¶þÖÜÆÚÖÐδ³É¶Ôµç×ÓÊýΪ2µÄÔªËØÓÐC¡¢O£¬ÆäÖÐCµÄµç¸ºÐÔС£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºc£»
£¨3£©ÖÐÐÄÔ×Ó¼Ûµç×ÓÊýÓëÅäÌåÌṩµç×Ó×ÜÊýÖ®ºÍΪ18£¬ÖÐÐÄÔ×ÓÊÇNi£¬¼Ûµç×ÓÅŲ¼3d84s2£¬¹²10¸öµç×Ó£¬COÅäλʱ£¬Ìṩ̼Ô×ÓÉϵÄÒ»¶Ô¹Â¶Ôµç×Ó£¬=4£»COÖÐCºÍOÒÔÈý¼ü½áºÏ£¬º¬ÓÐ1¸ö¦Ò¼ü¡¢2¸ö¦Ð¼ü£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º4£»1£º2£»
£¨4£©¼×´¼·Ö×ÓÄÚCµÄ³É¼üµç×Ó¶ÔÊýΪ4£¬Î޹µç×Ó¶Ô£¬ÔÓ»¯ÀàÐÍΪsp3£¬ÊÇËÄÃæÌå½á¹¹£¬¼×È©·Ö×ÓÖеÄ̼²ÉÈ¡sp2ÔÓ»¯£¬ÊÇƽÃæÈý½ÇÐνṹ£¬¼×´¼·Ö×ÓÄÚO-C-H¼ü½Ç±È¼×È©·Ö×ÓÄÚO-C-H¼ü½ÇС£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºsp3£»Ð¡ÓÚ£®
µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²é½ðÊô¼üÓë½ðÊôµÄÎïÀíÐÔÖʵĹØϵ¡¢Ô×Ó¹ìµÀÔÓ»¯·½Ê½¼°ÔÓ»¯ÀàÐÍÅжϡ¢¼üÄÜ¡¢¼ü³¤¡¢¼ü½Ç¼°ÆäÓ¦Óõȣ¬ÄѶȲ»´ó£¬£¨3£©ÊÇÒ×´íµã£®
£¨2£©NiµÄÍâΧµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª3d84s2£¬3dÄܼ¶ÉÏÓÐ2¸öδ³É¶Ôµç×Ó£»
£¨3£©COÅäλʱ£¬Ìṩ̼Ô×ÓÉϵÄÒ»¶Ô¹Â¶Ôµç×Ó£»COÖÐCºÍOÒÔÈý¼ü½áºÏ£»
£¨4£©ABmÐÍÔÓ»¯ÀàÐ͵ÄÅжϣº
ÖÐÐÄÔ×Óµç×Ó¶Ô¼ÆË㹫ʽ£ºµç×Ó¶ÔÊýn=£¨ÖÐÐÄÔ×ӵļ۵ç×ÓÊý+ÅäλÔ×ӵijɼüµç×ÓÊý±µçºÉÊý£©
×¢Ò⣺¢Ùµ±ÉÏÊö¹«Ê½ÖеçºÉÊýΪÕýֵʱȡ¡°-¡±£¬µçºÉÊýΪ¸ºÖµÊ±È¡¡°+¡±£®
¢Úµ±ÅäλÔ×ÓΪÑõÔ×Ó»òÁòÔ×Óʱ£¬³É¼üµç×ÓÊýΪÁ㣮
¸ù¾ÝnÖµÅжÏÔÓ»¯ÀàÐÍ£ºÒ»°ãÓÐÈçϹæÂÉ£ºµ±n=2£¬spÔÓ»¯£»n=3£¬sp2ÔÓ»¯£»n=4£¬sp3ÔÓ»¯£»sp3ÔÓ»¯ÊÇËÄÃæÌå¹¹ÐÍ£¬sp2ÔÓ»¯£¬·Ö×Ó³ÊƽÃæÈý½ÇÐΣ®
½â´ð£º½â£º£¨1£©a£®½ðÊô¼üûÓз½ÏòÐԺͱ¥ºÍÐÔ£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
b£®½ðÊô¼üÊǽðÊôÑôÀë×ÓºÍ×ÔÓɵç×Ó¼äµÄÏ໥×÷Ó㬹ÊBÕýÈ·£»
c£®½ðÊôµ¼µçÊÇÒòΪ×ÔÓɵç×ÓÔÚÍâ¼Óµç³¡×÷ÓÃÏ·¢Éú¶¨ÏòÒƶ¯£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»
d£®½ðÊô¾ßÓйâÔóÊÇÒòΪ×ÔÓɵç×ÓÄܹ»ÎüÊտɼû¹â£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºb£»
£¨2£©NiµÄÍâΧµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª3d84s2£¬3dÄܼ¶ÉÏÓÐ2¸öδ³É¶Ôµç×Ó£®µÚ¶þÖÜÆÚÖÐδ³É¶Ôµç×ÓÊýΪ2µÄÔªËØÓÐC¡¢O£¬ÆäÖÐCµÄµç¸ºÐÔС£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºc£»
£¨3£©ÖÐÐÄÔ×Ó¼Ûµç×ÓÊýÓëÅäÌåÌṩµç×Ó×ÜÊýÖ®ºÍΪ18£¬ÖÐÐÄÔ×ÓÊÇNi£¬¼Ûµç×ÓÅŲ¼3d84s2£¬¹²10¸öµç×Ó£¬COÅäλʱ£¬Ìṩ̼Ô×ÓÉϵÄÒ»¶Ô¹Â¶Ôµç×Ó£¬=4£»COÖÐCºÍOÒÔÈý¼ü½áºÏ£¬º¬ÓÐ1¸ö¦Ò¼ü¡¢2¸ö¦Ð¼ü£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º4£»1£º2£»
£¨4£©¼×´¼·Ö×ÓÄÚCµÄ³É¼üµç×Ó¶ÔÊýΪ4£¬Î޹µç×Ó¶Ô£¬ÔÓ»¯ÀàÐÍΪsp3£¬ÊÇËÄÃæÌå½á¹¹£¬¼×È©·Ö×ÓÖеÄ̼²ÉÈ¡sp2ÔÓ»¯£¬ÊÇƽÃæÈý½ÇÐνṹ£¬¼×´¼·Ö×ÓÄÚO-C-H¼ü½Ç±È¼×È©·Ö×ÓÄÚO-C-H¼ü½ÇС£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºsp3£»Ð¡ÓÚ£®
µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²é½ðÊô¼üÓë½ðÊôµÄÎïÀíÐÔÖʵĹØϵ¡¢Ô×Ó¹ìµÀÔÓ»¯·½Ê½¼°ÔÓ»¯ÀàÐÍÅжϡ¢¼üÄÜ¡¢¼ü³¤¡¢¼ü½Ç¼°ÆäÓ¦Óõȣ¬ÄѶȲ»´ó£¬£¨3£©ÊÇÒ×´íµã£®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿