ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿ÔÚÊÒÎÂÏ£¬ÏÂÁÐÎåÖÖÈÜÒº£º¢Ù0.1 mol¡¤L£1 NH4ClÈÜÒº¢Ú0.1 mol¡¤L£1 CH3COONH4ÈÜÒº ¢Û0.1 mol¡¤L£1 NH4HSO4ÈÜÒº ¢Ü0.1 mol¡¤L£1 NH3¡¤H2OºÍ0.1 mol¡¤L£1 NH4Cl»ìºÏÒº ¢Ý0.1 mol¡¤L£1°±Ë®
Çë¸ù¾ÝÒªÇóÌîдÏÂÁпհףº
(1)ÈÜÒº¢Ù³Ê______(Ìî¡°Ëᡱ¡¢¡°¼î¡±»ò¡°ÖС±)ÐÔ£¬ÆäÔÒòÊÇ________________(ÓÃÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ±íʾ)¡£
(2)ÈÜÒº¢Ú¢ÛÖÐc(NH)µÄ´óС¹ØϵÊÇ¢Ú___(Ìî¡°£¾¡±¡¢¡°£¼¡±»ò¡°£½¡±)¢Û¡£
(3)ÔÚÈÜÒº¢ÜÖÐ________(Àë×Ó)µÄŨ¶ÈΪ0.1 mol/L£»NH3¡¤H2OºÍ________(Àë×Ó)µÄŨ¶ÈÖ®ºÍΪ0.2 mol/L¡£
(4)ÊÒÎÂÏ£¬²âµÃÈÜÒº¢ÚµÄpH£½7£¬Ôò˵Ã÷CH3COO£µÄË®½â³Ì¶È________(Ìî¡°£¾¡±¡¢¡°£¼¡±»ò¡°£½¡±£¬ÏÂͬ)NHµÄË®½â³Ì¶È£¬CH3COO£ÓëNHŨ¶ÈµÄ´óС¹ØϵÊÇc(CH3COO£)________c(NH)¡£
(5)³£ÎÂÏ£¬Ä³Ë®ÈÜÒºMÖдæÔÚµÄÀë×ÓÓÐNa£«¡¢A2£¡¢HA£¡¢H£«¡¢OH££¬´æÔڵķÖ×ÓÓÐH2O¡¢H2A¡£
¢Ùд³öËáH2AµÄµçÀë·½³Ìʽ£º______________________________¡£
¢ÚÈôÈÜÒºMÓÉ10 mL 2 mol¡¤L£1 NaHAÈÜÒºÓë10 mL 2 mol¡¤L£1 NaOHÈÜÒº»ìºÏ¶øµÃ£¬ÔòÈÜÒºMµÄpH________(Ìî¡°£¾¡±¡¢¡°£¼¡±»ò¡°£½¡±)7¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿ Ëá NH£«H2ONH3¡¤H2O£«H£« £¼ Cl£ NH £½ £½ H2AH£«£«HA££¬HA£H£«£«A2£ £¾
¡¾½âÎö¡¿ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£º(1)¢ÙÈÜÒºÊÇ0.1mol/LCH3COONa£¬ÈÜÒºÖд×Ëá¸ùÀë×ÓË®½âÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£»(2)¢Ú0.1mol/LCH3COONH4ÈÜÒºÖд×Ëá¸ùÀë×ÓË®½â´Ù½øÁË笠ùÀë×ÓË®½â£¬¢Û0.1mol/LNH4HSO4ÈÜÒºÖУ¬µçÀë ³öµÄÇâÀë×Ó¶Ô笠ùÀë×ÓË®½âÆðµ½ÁËÒÖÖÆ×÷Óã»(3) 0.1mol/LNH3¡¤H2OºÍ0.1mol/LNH4ClµÄ»ìºÏÈÜÒº£¬¸ù¾ÝÎïÁÏÊغã·ÖÎö£»£¨4£©ÒÀ¾ÝÈÜÒºÖеçºÉÊغã·ÖÎöÅжϣ»(5)¢ÙÈÜÒºº¬ÓÐH2A·Ö×Ó£¬ËµÃ÷H2AÊÇÈõËá¡£
¢Ú10 mL 2 mol¡¤L£1 NaHA ÈÜÒºÓë10 mL 2 mol¡¤L£1 NaOHÈÜÒº»ìºÏ£¬Ç¡ºÃÍêÈ«·´Ó¦Éú³ÉNa2A£¬ÔòÈÜÒºMµÄÈÜÖÊÊÇNa2A¡£
½âÎö£º£¨1£©¢ÙÈÜÒºÊÇ0.1mol/LCH3COONa£¬ÈÜÒºÖд×Ëá¸ùÀë×ÓË®½âÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ£ºCH3COO-+H2O CH3COOH+OH-£»
£¨2£©¢Ú0.1mol/LCH3COONH4ÈÜÒºÖд×Ëá¸ùÀë×ÓË®½â´Ù½øÁË笠ùÀë×ÓË®½â£¬¢Û0.1mol/LNH4HSO4ÈÜÒºÖУ¬µçÀë ³öµÄÇâÀë×Ó¶Ô笠ùÀë×ÓË®½âÆðµ½ÁËÒÖÖÆ×÷Óã¬ÆäÖÐc£¨NH4+£©µÄ´óС¹ØϵÊÇ¢Ú£¼¢Û£»
£¨3£©0.1mol/LNH3¡¤H2OºÍ0.1mol/LNH4Cl»ìºÏÒº£¬c£¨Cl-£©=0.1mol/L£¬»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖгöÎïÁÏÊغã·ÖÎö£¬c£¨NH3¡¤H2O£©+c£¨NH4+£©=0.2mol/L£»
£¨4£©0.1 mol¡¤L£1 CH3COONH4ÈÜÒºpH£½7£¬Ôò˵Ã÷CH3COO£µÄË®½â³Ì¶È£½NHµÄË®½â³Ì¶È£¬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغ㣬 c(CH3COO£)=c(NH)£»
(5)³£ÎÂÏ£¬Ä³Ë®ÈÜÒºMÖдæÔÚµÄÀë×ÓÓÐNa£«¡¢A2£¡¢HA£¡¢H£«¡¢OH££¬´æÔڵķÖ×ÓÓÐH2O¡¢H2A¡£
¢Ù¢ÙÈÜÒºº¬ÓÐH2A·Ö×Ó£¬ËµÃ÷H2AÊÇÈõËᣬH2AµÄµçÀë·½³Ìʽ£ºH2AH£«£«HA££¬HA£H£«£«A2£¡£
¢Ú10 mL 2 mol¡¤L£1 NaHA ÈÜÒºÓë10 mL 2 mol¡¤L£1 NaOHÈÜÒº»ìºÏ£¬Ç¡ºÃÍêÈ«·´Ó¦Éú³ÉNa2A£¬ÔòÈÜÒºMµÄÈÜÖÊÊÇNa2A£¬H2AÊÇÈõËᣬA2£Ë®½âÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬pH>7¡£