ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿¢ñ£®£¨1£©½«CO2ת»¯Îª¼×´¼¿ÉÒÔÓÐЧÀûÓÃ×ÊÔ´£¬Í¬Ê±ÓÖ¿É¿ØÖÆÎÂÊÒÆøÌ壬ÔÀíΪ£ºCO2+3H2CH3OH+H2O
ÓÉÏÂͼËùʾµÄÄÜÁ¿±ä»¯£¬Ð´³ö½«CO2ת»¯Îª¼×´¼µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º
¢ò£®»ØÊÕǦÐîµç³ØµÄµç¼«Ìî³äÎǦ¸à£¬Ö÷Òªº¬PbO¡¢PbO2¡¢PbSO4£©£¬¿ÉÖƱ¸ÈÈÎȶ¨¼ÁÈýÑλùÁòËáǦ£¨×é³É¿É±íʾΪ3PbO¡¤PbSO4¡¤H2O£©£¬ÆäʵÑéÁ÷³ÌÈçÏ£º
£¨2£©ÎïÖÊX¿ÉÒÔÑ»·ÀûÓ㬸ÃÎïÖÊÊÇ¡£×îºóÒ»´Î¹ýÂËÖ®ºóÐèҪϴµÓ£¬¼ìÑéÈýÑλùÁòËáǦÊÇ·ñÏ´¾»µÄ·½·¨ÊÇ £»
£¨3£©Á÷³ÌÖв»Ö±½ÓÀûÓÃH2SO4ÈÜÒºÓëPbO¡¢PbCO3·´Ó¦ÖÆÈ¡PbSO4£¬ÔÒò¿ÉÄÜÊÇ£º____________£»
£¨4£©Éú³ÉÈýÑλùÁòËáǦµÄÀë×Ó·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽΪ £»
£¨5£©ÏòǦ¸à½¬ÒºÖмÓÈëNa2SO3ÈÜÒºµÄÄ¿µÄÊǽ«ÆäÖеÄPbO2»¹ÔΪPbO¡£ÈôʵÑéÖÐËùȡǦ¸àµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª47.8g£¬ÆäÖÐPbO2µÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ15.0%£¬ÔòÒª½«PbO2È«²¿»¹Ô£¬ÖÁÉÙÐè¼Ó____ mL1.0mol/LNa2SO3ÈÜÒº¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿
¢ñ£®£¨1£©CO2£¨g£©+3H2£¨g£©===CH3OH£¨l£©+H2O£¨l£©¦¤H£½-50kJ/mol
¢ò£®£¨2£©HNO3ÈÜÒº£»È¡×îºóÒ»´ÎÏ´µÓÒº£¬¼ÓÈë×ãÁ¿Ï¡ÑÎËᣬÔÙ¼ÓÂÈ»¯±µÈÜÒº£¬¹Û²ìÊÇ·ñ²úÉú°×É«³Áµí£¬ÈôÎÞ³Áµí£¬ÔòÒÑÏ´¾»£¨ÆäËûºÏÀí´ð°¸Ò²¿É£©
£¨3£©PbSO4²»ÈÜÓÚË®£¬¸²¸ÇÔÚ¹ÌÌå±íÃæ×è°·´Ó¦µÄ½øÒ»²½·¢Éú£¨ÆäËûºÏÀí´ð°¸Ò²¿É£©
£¨4£©4PbSO4+6OH-===3PbO¡¤PbSO4¡¤H2O+3SO+2H2O
£¨5£©30£»
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©¸ù¾Ýͼ1ÖÐÄÜÁ¿±ä»¯£¬¿ÉµÃÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º¢ÙCO£¨g£©+H2O£¨l£©=CO2£¨g£©+H2£¨g£©¡÷H=-41kJ/mol£¬¢ÚCO£¨g£©+2H2£¨g£©=CH3OH£¨l£©¡÷H=-£¨510-419£©kJ/mol=-91KJ/mol£¬¸ù¾Ý¸Ç˹¶¨ÂÉ£¬¢Ú-¢Ù¿ÉµÃ£ºCO2£¨g£©+3H2£¨g£©=CH3OH£¨l£©+H2O£¨l£©¡÷H=-50KJ/mol£»¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCO2£¨g£©+3H2£¨g£©=CH3OH£¨l£©+H2O£¨l£©¡÷H=-50KJ/mol£»
£¨2£©·ÖÎöÁ÷³Ì¿ÉÖª£¬PbOºÍPbCO3ÔÚÏõËáµÄ×÷ÓÃÏÂת»¯³ÉPb£¨NO3£©£®Pb£¨NO3£©ÖмÓÏ¡H2SO4ת»¯³ÉPbSO4ºÍÏõËᣬÒò´ËXΪHNO3£¬¿ÉÑ»·ÀûÓ㬼ìÑéÁòËá¸ùÀë×ӵķ½·¨Îª£ºÈ¡ÉÙÁ¿¾§ÌåÈÜÓÚÕôÁóË®£¬È»ºóÓÃÑÎËáËữ£¬ÔÙµÎBaCl2ÈÜÒº£¬Èô³öÏÖ°×É«³Áµí£¬¼´Ö¤Ã÷¸Ã¾§ÌåÖк¬ÓÐSO42-£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºHNO3ÈÜÒº£»È¡ÉÙÁ¿ÈÜÒº£¬¼ÓÈë×ãÁ¿Ï¡ÑÎËᣬÔÙ¼ÓÂÈ»¯±µÈÜÒº£¬¹Û²ìÊÇ·ñ²úÉú°×É«³Áµí£»
£¨3£©Éú³ÉµÄÁòËáǦÄÑÈÜÓÚË®£¬¸²¸ÇÔÚ¹ÌÌåPbO¡¢PbCO3µÄ±íÃ棬×è°·´Ó¦µÄ½øÒ»²½·¢Éú£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºPbSO4²»ÈÜÓÚË®£¬¸²¸ÇÔÚ¹ÌÌå±íÃæ×è°·´Ó¦µÄ½øÒ»²½·¢Éú£»
£¨4£©´ÓÁ÷³Ì¿´£¬ÁòËáǦºÍÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÈýÑλùÁòËáǦºÍÁòËáÄÆ£¬·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽΪ£º4PbSO4+6NaOH=3PbOPbSO4H2O+3Na2SO4+2H2O£¬Àë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ£º4PbSO4+6OH-=3PbOPbSO4H2O+3SO42-+2H2O£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º4PbSO4+6OH-=3PbOPbSO4H2O+3SO42-+2H2O£»
£¨5£©Ñõ»¯Ç¦µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª£º=0.03mol£¬
PbO2¡«Na2SO3
1mol1mol
0.03moln
n=0.03mol£¬V==0.03L=30mL£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º30¡£