ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿Åð¼°ÅðµÄ»¯ºÏÎïÓÐ׏㷺µÄÓÃ;¡£Çë»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
(1)ÅðÔÚÔªËØÖÜÆÚ±íÖеÄλÖÃΪ£º____________________________________£»
(2)Åð»¯Ã¾ÔÚ39Kʱ³Ê³¬µ¼ÐÔ£¬ÔÚÅð»¯Ã¾¾§ÌåµÄÀíÏëÄ£ÐÍÖУ¬Ã¾Ô×ÓºÍÅðÔ×ÓÊÇ·Ö²ãÅŲ¼µÄ£¬Ò»²ãþһ²ãÅðÏà¼äÅÅÁС£Í¼aÊǸþ§Ìå΢¹Û¿Õ¼äÖÐÈ¡³öµÄ²¿·ÖÔ×ÓÑØZÖá·½ÏòµÄͶӰ£¬°×ÇòÊÇþÔ×ÓͶӰ£¬ºÚÇòÊÇÅðÔ×ÓͶӰ£¬Í¶Ó°ÔÚͬһƽÃæÉÏ¡£¸ù¾Ýͼʾȷ¶¨Åð»¯Ã¾µÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½Îª_____________¡£
(3)ÅðËá(H3BO3)£¬°×ɫƬ״¾§Ì壬΢ÈÜÓÚË®£¬¶ÔÈËÌåµÄÊÜÉË×éÖ¯ÓзÀ¸¯Ïû¶¾×÷Óá£H3BO3ÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚH3BO3(aq)£«H2O(l)[B(OH)4]£(aq)£«H£«(aq)µÄƽºâ¡£ÅðËáºÍ¹ýÁ¿µÄNaOHÈÜÒº·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽΪ£ºH3BO3£«NaOH£½Na[B(OH)4]¡£ÅðËᾧÌå¾ßÓвã×´½á¹¹£¬Ã¿Ò»²ã½á¹¹Èçͼ1Ëùʾ¡£
¢ÙÅðËᾧÌåÊôÓÚ_______¾§Ìå(Ìî¡°Àë×Ó¡±¡¢¡°·Ö×Ó¡±»ò¡°Ô×Ó¡±)¡£
¢ÚÏÂÁйØÓÚÅðËáµÄ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ_______________(ÌîÐòºÅ)¡£
a.H3BO3ÊÇÒ»ÔªËá
b.ÆäË®ÈÜÒºÖУ¬Ë®µÄµçÀëƽºâÊܵ½ÒÖÖÆ
c.¾§ÌåÖÐÓÐÇâ¼ü£¬Òò´ËÅðËá·Ö×Ó½ÏÎȶ¨
(4)Èý·ú»¯Åð(BF3)Ë®½âÉú³ÉÅðËáºÍ·úÅðËá(HBF4£¬Ç¿Ëá)¡£BF3·Ö×ÓÁ¢Ìå¹¹ÐÍΪ___________£¬BF4£µÄµç×Óʽ____________¡£
(5)°±ÅðÍé(NBH6)ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÓÐЧ¡¢°²È«µÄ¹ÌÌå´¢Çâ²ÄÁÏ¡£°±ÅðÍéµÄ½á¹¹(Èçͼb)ºÍÒÒÍéÏàËÆ£¬°±ÅðÍé·Ö×ÓÓëÅðËá·Ö×ÓÖÐÅðÔ×ÓµÄÔÓ»¯¹ìµÀÀàÐÍ·Ö±ðΪ£º___________ºÍ___________¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿µÚ¶þÖÜÆÚ¢óA×å MgB2 ·Ö×Ó a ƽÃæÈý½ÇÐÎ sp3 sp2
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
ÅðÊÇ5ºÅÔªËØ£¬Î»ÓÚµÚ¶þÖÜÆÚµÚ¢óA×壻ÓÉͼaÖª1¸öBÔ×ÓΪ3¸öMgÔ×Ó¹²Óã¬1¸öMgÔ×ÓΪ6¸öBÔ×Ó¹²Ó㬿ÉÒÔ¼ÆËãÅðÔ×ÓºÍþÔ×ӵøöÊýÖ®±È£»ÅðËᾧÌåÖдæÔÚH3BO3·Ö×Ó£¬ÊÇ·Ö×Ó¾§Ì壻ÅðËáÖÐBÔ×ÓÊôÓÚȱµç×ÓÔ×Ó£¬ÔÚË®ÈÜÒºÖпÉÒÔ½áºÏË®µçÀë³öµÄÇâÑõ¸ù£¬H3BO3(aq)£«H2O(l)[B(OH)4]£(aq)£«H£«(aq)ÏÔËáÐÔ£¬ÅðËáµÄ¼ÓÈ룬´Ù½øÁËË®µÄµçÀ룬Çâ¼üÊÇÌåÏÖÔÚÎïÀíÐÔÖÊ·½Ã棻ÅðµÄ×îÍâ²ã3¸öµç×Ó£¬Èýµ¥Ð´ÔÚÅðÔ×ÓµÄÈý¸ö·½Ïò£¬Óë4¸öF½áºÏ£¬ÓÐÒ»¸öFÔÚÓÚBÐγɹ²¼Û¼üʱÐèÒªµÃÒ»¸öµç×Ó£¬ËùÒÔÕûÌåÏÔ-1¼Û£»¸ù¾Ý¼Û²ãµç×Ó¶Ô»¥³âÀíÂÛ£¬¿ÉÒÔ¼ÆËãÖÐÐÄÔ×ӵŵç×Ó¶ÔÊý£¬´Ó¶øµÃ³öÔÓ»¯·½Ê½£»°±ÅðÍéµÄ½á¹¹(Èçͼb)ºÍÒÒÍéÏàËÆ£¬ÔòÅðÔ×ÓµÄÔÓ»¯·½Ê½ÓëÒÒÍéÖеÄ̼һÑù¡£
(1) ÅðÊÇ5ºÅÔªËØ£¬Î»ÓÚµÚ¶þÖÜÆÚµÚ¢óA×壻
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºµÚ¶þÖÜÆÚµÚ¢óA×壻
(2) ÓÉͼaÖª1¸öBÔ×ÓΪ3¸öMgÔ×Ó¹²Óã¬ÊôÓÚÒ»¸öMgÔ×ÓµÄBÔ×ÓΪ £¬1¸öMgÔ×ÓΪ6¸öBÔ×Ó¹²Óã¬ÊôÓÚÒ»¸öBÔ×ÓµÄMgÔ×ÓΪ
£¬¿ÉÒÔ¼ÆËãÅðÔ×ÓºÍþÔ×ӵøöÊýÖ®±È£º2£º1£¬¹ÊÅð»¯Ã¾µÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½Îª£ºMgB2£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºMgB2£»
(3) ¢ÙÅðËᾧÌåÖдæÔÚH3BO3·Ö×Ó£¬ÊÇ·Ö×Ó¾§Ì壻¢ÚÅðËáÖÐBÔ×ÓÊôÓÚȱµç×ÓÔ×Ó£¬ÔÚË®ÈÜÒºÖпÉÒÔ½áºÏË®µçÀë³öµÄÇâÑõ¸ù£¬H3BO3(aq)£«H2O(l)[B(OH)4]£(aq)£«H£«(aq)£¬ÊÇÒ»ÔªË᣻ÅðËáµÄ¼ÓÈ룬´Ù½øÁËË®µÄµçÀ룻Çâ¼üÊÇÌåÏÖÔÚÎïÀíÐÔÖÊ·½Ã棬ÈçÈ۷еãµÈ£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º·Ö×Ó£»a£»
(4) ¸ù¾Ý¼Û²ãµç×Ó¶Ô»¥³âÀíÂÛ£¬¿ÉÒÔ¼ÆËãÖÐÐÄÔ×ӵŵç×Ó¶ÔÊý£¬ £¬Î޹µç×Ó¶ÔÊý£¬¹Ê·Ö×ÓµÄÁ¢Ìå¹¹ÐÍΪ£ºÆ½ÃæÈý½ÇÐΣ»ÅðµÄ×îÍâ²ã3¸öµç×Ó£¬Èýµ¥Ð´ÔÚÅðÔ×ÓµÄÈý¸ö·½Ïò£¬Óë4¸öF½áºÏ£¬ÓÐÒ»¸öFÔÚÓÚBÐγɹ²¼Û¼üʱÐèÒªµÃÒ»¸öµç×Ó£¬ËùÒÔÕûÌåÏÔ-1¼Û£¬µç×ÓʽΪ£º
£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÆ½ÃæÈý½ÇÐΣ»£»
(5)°±ÅðÍéµÄ½á¹¹(Èçͼb)ºÍÒÒÍéÏàËÆ£¬ÔòÅðÔ×ÓµÄÔÓ»¯·½Ê½ÓëÒÒÍéÖеÄ̼һÑù£¬Îªsp3ÔÓ»¯£»ÅðËáÖпÉÒÔͨ¹ý¹«Ê½À´¼ÆËãÅðËá¸ú£º £¬ËùÒÔÅðËáÖÐÅðÔ×ÓΪsp2ÔÓ»¯£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºsp3 £» sp2¡£
![](http://thumb2018.1010pic.com/images/loading.gif)