ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
20£®»¯Ñ§ÊÇÒ»ÃÅÒÔʵÑéΪ»ù´¡µÄ×ÔÈ»¿Æѧ£¬ÈçͼΪijÊÔ¼ÁÆ¿ÉϵıêÇ©£¬ÊԻشðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣮£¨1£©¸ÃÑÎËáÖÐHClµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈΪ9.2mol•L-1£®
£¨2£©È¡ÓÃÈÎÒâÌå»ýµÄ¸ÃÑÎËáʱ£¬ÏÂÁÐÎïÀíÁ¿ÖÐËæËùÈ¡Ìå»ýµÄ¶àÉÙ¶ø±ä»¯µÄÊÇAC£®
A£®ÈÜÒºÖÐHClµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿
B£®ÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶È
C£®ÈÜÒºÖÐCl-µÄÊýÄ¿
D£®ÈÜÒºµÄÃܶÈ
£¨3£©Ä³Ñ§ÉúÓûÓÃÉÏÊö½ÏŨÑÎËáºÍÕôÁóË®ÅäÖÆ500mLÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈΪ0.150mol•L-1µÄÏ¡ÑÎËᣮ
¢Ù¸ÃѧÉúÐèÒªÁ¿È¡8.2mLÉÏÊö½ÏŨÑÎËá½øÐÐÅäÖÆ£®
¢ÚÔÚÅäÖƹý³ÌÖУ¬ÏÂÁÐʵÑé²Ù×÷¶ÔËùÅäÖƵÄÏ¡ÑÎËáµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈÓкÎÓ°Ï죿£¨ÔÚÀ¨ºÅÄÚÌîA±íʾ¡°Æ«Ð¡¡±£¬ÌîB±íʾ¡°Æ«´ó¡±£¬ÌîC±íʾ¡°ÎÞÓ°Ï족£©
a£®ÓÃÁ¿Í²Á¿È¡Å¨ÑÎËáʱ¸©Êӹ۲찼ҺÃæA£®
b£®¶¨Èݺó¾Õñµ´¡¢Ò¡ÔÈ¡¢¾²Ö㬷¢ÏÖÒºÃæϽµ£¬ÔÙ¼ÓÊÊÁ¿µÄÕôÁóË®A£®
c£®ÅäÈÜÒºÓõÄÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÓÃÕôÁóˮϴµÓºóδ¾¸ÉÔïC£®
·ÖÎö £¨1£©ÒÀ¾ÝC=$\frac{1000¦Ñ¦Ø}{M}$¼ÆËãŨÑÎËáµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È£»
£¨2£©¸ù¾Ý¸ÃÎïÀíÁ¿ÊÇ·ñÓÐÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýÓйØÅжϣ»
£¨3£©¢ÙÒÀ¾ÝÈÜҺϡÊ͹ý³ÌÖÐËùº¬ÈÜÖʵÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿±£³Ö²»±ä¼ÆËã½â´ð£»
¢Ú¸ù¾Ýc=$\frac{n}{V}$·ÖÎö²Ù×÷¶ÔÈÜÖʵÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿»ò¶ÔÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýÊÇ·ñÓÐÓ°ÏìÅжϣ¬Èç¹ûnÆ«´ó»òVƫС£¬ÔòËùÅäÖÆÈÜҺŨ¶ÈÆ«¸ß£¬·´Ö®£¬ÈÜҺŨ¶ÈÆ«µÍ£®
½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©ÃܶÈΪ1.152g/ml£¬ÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ29.2%µÄŨÑÎËáµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶Èc£¨HCl£©=$\frac{1000mL¡Á1.152g•cm-3¡Á29.2%}{36.5g•mol-1¡Á1L}$
=9.2 mol•L-1£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º9.2£»
£¨2£©ÈÜÒºÖÐHClµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿=nV£¬ËùÒÔÓëÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýÓйأ¬¹ÊAÑ¡£»
B£®ÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈC=$\frac{1000¦Ñ¦Ø}{M}$£¬ÓëÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýÎ޹أ¬¹ÊB²»Ñ¡£»
C£®ÈÜÒºÖÐCl-µÄÊýÄ¿=nNA=CVNA£¬ËùÒÔÓëÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýÓйأ¬¹ÊCÑ¡£»
D£®ÈÜÒºµÄÃܶÈÓëÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýÎ޹أ¬¹ÊD²»Ñ¡£»
¹ÊÑ¡£ºBAC£»
£¨3£©¢ÙÉèÐèҪŨÈÜÒºÌå»ýΪV£¬ÔòÒÀ¸ù¾Ýc£¨Å¨£©¡ÁV£¨Å¨£©=c£¨Ï¡£©¡ÁV£¨Ï¡£©£¬ÔòȡŨÑÎËáµÄÌå»ýV£¨Å¨£©=$\frac{0.150mol•L-1¡Á500mL}{9.2mol•L-1}$=8.2 mL£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º8.2£»
¢Úa£®ÓÃÁ¿Í²Á¿È¡Å¨ÑÎËáʱ¸©Êӹ۲찼ҺÃ棬µ¼ÖÂÁ¿È¡µÄŨÑÎËáÌå»ýƫС£¬ÈÜÖÊÂÈ»¯ÇâµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Æ«Ð¡£¬ÈÜҺŨ¶ÈÆ«µÍ£»
b£®¶¨Èݺó¾Õñµ´¡¢Ò¡ÔÈ¡¢¾²Ö㬷¢ÏÖÒºÃæϽµ£¬ÔÙ¼ÓÊÊÁ¿µÄÕôÁóË®£¬µ¼ÖÂÈÜÒºÌå»ýÆ«´ó£¬ÈÜҺŨ¶ÈÆ«µÍ£»
c£®ÅäÈÜÒºÓõÄÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÓÃÕôÁóˮϴµÓºóδ¾¸É£¬¶ÔÈÜÖʵÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ºÍÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ý¶¼²»»á²úÉúÓ°Ï죬ÈÜҺŨ¶È²»±ä£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºA£»A£»C£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈµÄÓйؼÆËãÒÔ¼°Ò»¶¨ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈÈÜÒºµÄÅäÖÆ£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶȲ»´ó£¬×¢ÒâÎó²î·ÖÎöµÄ·½·¨ºÍ¼¼ÇÉ£®
A£® | ʵÑé¢ñ£ºÕñµ´ºó¾²Öã¬ÈÜÒº²»Ôٷֲ㣬ÇÒ±£³ÖÎÞɫ͸Ã÷ | |
B£® | ʵÑé¢ò£ºÌúƬ×îÖÕÍêÈ«Èܽ⣬ÇÒ¸ßÃÌËá¼ØÈÜÒº±äÎÞÉ« | |
C£® | ʵÑé¢ó£ºÎ¢ÈÈÏ¡HNO3Ƭ¿Ì£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐÓÐÆøÅݲúÉú£¬¹ã¿ÚÆ¿ÄÚʼÖÕÎÞÃ÷ÏԱ仯 | |
D£® | ʵÑé¢ô£ºµ±ÈÜÒºÖÁºìºÖÉ«£¬Í£Ö¹¼ÓÈÈ£¬ÈùâÊøͨ¹ýÌåϵʱ¿É²úÉú¶¡´ï¶ûÏÖÏó |
A£® | ÅäÖÆNaOHÈÜÒºÊÇ£¬°ÑNaOH¹ÌÌå·ÅÔÚÌìƽ×ó±ßÍÐÅ̵ÄÂËÖ½ÉϳÆÁ¿ | |
B£® | ÅäÖÆÏ¡ÁòËáʱ¿ÉÏÈÔÚÁ¿Í²ÖмÓÈëÒ»¶¨Ìå»ýµÄË®£¬±ß½Á°è±ßÂýÂý¼ÓÈëŨÁòËá | |
C£® | ÝÍÈ¡²Ù×÷ʱ£¬Ó¦Ñ¡ÔñÓлúÝÍÈ¡¼Á£¬ÇÒÝÍÈ¡¼ÁµÄÃܶȱØÐë±ÈË®´ó | |
D£® | ÓÃÏ¡ÑÎËáÏ´¾»×öÑæÉ«·´Ó¦µÄÌúË¿ |
A£® | 0.1mol/£¨L•s£© | B£® | 0.2mol/£¨L•s£© | C£® | 0.3mol/£¨L•s£© | D£® | 0.6mol/£¨L•s£© |
A£® | ¼¦Èâ | B£® | Æ»¹û | C£® | ²¤²Ë | D£® | ÄûÃÊ |
A£® | ÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÖÐͨÈëÉÙÁ¿¶þÑõ»¯Áò£ºSO2+OH-=HSO3- | |
B£® | ÇâÑõ»¯Í¼Óµ½ÑÎËáÖУºCu£¨OH£©2+2H+=Cu2++2H2O | |
C£® | ÑÎËáµÎÈ백ˮÖУºH++OH-=H2O | |
D£® | ̼Ëá¸ÆÈܽâÓÚÏ¡ÏõËáÖУºCO32-+2H+=CO2¡ü+H2O |