ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ

20£®ÔªËØÔÚÖÜÆÚ±íÖÐλÖ㬷´Ó³ÁËÔªËصÄÔ­×ӽṹºÍÔªËصÄÐÔÖÊ£¬ÈçͼÊÇÔªËØÖÜÆÚ±íµÄÒ»²¿·Ö£¬ÇëÓÃÔªËØ·ûºÅ»ò»¯Ñ§Ê½Ìî¿Õ
£¨1£©ÈçͼËùʾԪËØÖУº
¢Ù½ðÊôÐÔ×îÇ¿µÄÔªËØÊÇPb£»¢ÚÔ­×Ӱ뾶×îСµÄÊÇF£»¢Û×î¸ß¼Ûº¬ÑõËáËáÐÔ×îÇ¿µÄÊÇHClO4£»¢ÜÒ×Éý»ªµÄµ¥ÖÊÊÇI2£»¢ÝÒõÓ°²¿·ÖÊôÓÚÔªËØÖÜÆÚ±íÖеÄVIA×壮
£¨2£©¸ù¾ÝÔªËØÖÜÆÚÂÉÍƵ¼£º
¢ÙÎȶ¨ÐÔ£ºH2S£¼HCl£»£¨Óá°£¾¡±»ò¡°£¼¡±±íʾ£¬ÏÂͬ£©£»
¢Ú·Ðµã£ºHF£¾HCl£»
¢Û»¹Ô­ÐÔ£ºI-£¾Br-£®
£¨3£©¸ù¾ÝͬÖ÷×åÔªËØÐÔÖʵÄÏàËÆÐԺ͵ݱäÐÔ½øÐÐÔ¤²â£º
¢Ù¹ØÓÚSeµÄÔ¤²âÕýÈ·µÄÊÇBC£¨ÌîÐòºÅ£©
A£®³£ÎÂÏÂSeµ¥ÖÊÊÇÆøÌå         B£®Se×î¸ß¼ÛÑõ»¯ÎïµÄË®»¯ÎïÄܺÍNaOH·¢Éú·´Ó¦
C£®Ç⻯ÎïµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªH2Se        D£®³£¼ûµÄÑõ»¯ÎïÖ»ÓÐSeO3
¢ÚÒÑÖªCl2ÔÚË®ÈÜÒºÖÐÄܺÍSO2·´Ó¦£¬Cl2+2H2O+SO2¨TH2SO4+2HCl£¬Ð´³öBr2ÔÚË®ÈÜÒºÖкÍSO2·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽBr2+2H2O+SO2¨T4H++SO42-+Cl-£®

·ÖÎö £¨1£©¢ÙͬһÖÜÆÚÖУ¬ÔªËصĽðÊôÐÔËæ×ÅÔ­×ÓÐòÊýµÄÔö´ó¶ø¼õÈõ£¬Í¬Ò»Ö÷×åÖУ¬ÔªËصĽðÊôÐÔËæ×ÅÔ­×ÓÐòÊýµÄÔö´ó¶øÔöÇ¿£»
¢ÚͬһÖÜÆÚÖУ¬Ô­×Ӱ뾶Ëæ×ÅÔ­×ÓÐòÊýµÄÔö´ó¶øÖð½¥¼õС£¬Í¬Ò»Ö÷×åÖУ¬Ô­×Ӱ뾶Ëæ×ÅÔ­×ÓÐòÊýµÄÔö´ó¶øÔö´ó£»
¢ÛÔªËصķǽðÊôÐÔԽǿ£¬Æä×î¸ß¼ÛÑõ»¯ÎïµÄË®»¯ÎïËáÐÔԽǿ£»
¢ÜÒ×Éý»ªµÄµ¥ÖÊÊǵⵥÖÊ£»
¢ÝÖ÷×åÔªËØÖУ¬Ô­×Ó×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊýÓëÆä×åÐòÊý¡¢×î¸ß»¯ºÏ¼ÛÊýÏàµÈ£»
£¨2£©¢ÙÔªËصĽðÊôÐÔԽǿ£¬ÆäÇ⻯ÎïÔ½Îȶ¨£»
¢ÚͬһÖ÷×åÖУ¬º¬ÓÐÇâ¼üµÄÎïÖʷеã´óÓÚÆäÏàÁÚÔªËØÇ⻯ÎïµÄ·Ðµã£»
¢ÛͬһÖ÷×åÖУ¬ÒõÀë×ӵĻ¹Ô­ÐÔËæ×ÅÔ­×ÓÐòÊýµÄÔö´ó¶øÔöÇ¿£»
£¨3£©¢Ù¸ù¾ÝͬһÖ÷×åÔªËØÐÔÖʵÄÏàËÆÐԺ͵ݱäÐÔ½â´ð£»
¢ÚäåºÍ¶þÑõ»¯Áò·´Ó¦Ñõ»¯»¹Ô­·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÁòËáºÍÇâäåËᣮ

½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©¢Ù¸ù¾ÝÔªËØÖÜÆÚÂÉÖª£¬½ðÊôÐÔ×îÇ¿µÄÔªËØÔÚÔªËØÖÜÆÚ±í×óϽǣ¬ÎªPbÔªËØ£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºPb£»
¢Ú¸ù¾ÝÔªËØÖÜÆÚÂÉÖª£¬Ô­×Ӱ뾶×îСµÄÔªËØÔÚÔªËØÖÜÆÚ±íÓÒÉϽǣ¬ÎªFÔªËØ£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºF£»
¢ÛÔªËصķǽðÊôÐÔԽǿ£¬Æä×î¸ß¼ÛÑõ»¯ÎïµÄË®»¯ÎïËáÐÔԽǿ£¬FºÍOÔªËØûÓÐ×î¸ß¼Ûº¬ÑõËᣬËùÒÔ×î¸ß¼Ûº¬ÑõËáËáÐÔ×îÇ¿µÄÔªËØÊÇCl£¬¶ÔÓ¦µÄËáÊÇHClO4£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºHClO4£»
¢ÜÒ×Éý»ªµÄµ¥ÖÊÊǵⵥÖÊ£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºI2£»
¢ÝÖ÷×åÔªËØÖУ¬Ô­×Ó×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊýÓëÆä×åÐòÊý¡¢×î¸ß»¯ºÏ¼ÛÊýÏàµÈ£¬Õ⼸ÖÖÔªËØÔ­×ÓµÄ×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊýÊÇ6£¬ËùÒÔÕ⼸ÖÖÔªËØλÓÚµÚVIA×壬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºVIA£»
£¨2£©¢ÙÔªËصĽðÊôÐÔԽǿ£¬ÆäÇ⻯ÎïÔ½Îȶ¨£¬SµÄ·Ç½ðÊôÐÔСÓÚClÔªËØ£¬ËùÒÔÎȶ¨ÐÔ£ºH2S£¼HCl£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£¼£»
¢ÚͬһÖ÷×åÖУ¬º¬ÓÐÇâ¼üµÄÎïÖʷеã´óÓÚÆäÏàÁÚÔªËØÇ⻯ÎïµÄ·Ðµã£¬HFÖк¬ÓÐÇâ¼ü£¬HClÖÐûÓÐÇâ¼ü£¬ËùÒԷеãHF£¾HCl£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£¾£»
¢ÛͬһÖ÷×åÖУ¬ÒõÀë×ӵĻ¹Ô­ÐÔËæ×ÅÔ­×ÓÐòÊýµÄÔö´ó¶øÔöÇ¿£¬ËùÒÔ»¹Ô­ÐÔI-£¾Br-£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£¾£»
£¨3£©¢ÙA£®ÁòΪ¹ÌÌ壬ËùÒÔ³£ÎÂÏÂSeµ¥ÖÊÊǹÌÌ壬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B£®Se×î¸ß¼ÛÑõ»¯ÎïµÄË®»¯ÎïΪËᣬÄܺÍNaOH·¢ÉúÖкͷ´Ó¦£¬¹ÊBÕýÈ·£»
C£®Í¬Ò»Ö÷×åÖУ¬ÆäÇ⻯ÎïµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½Ïàͬ£¬ËùÒÔSeÇ⻯ÎïµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªH2Se£¬¹ÊCÕýÈ·£»
D£®¸ù¾ÝÁòµÄÑõ»¯ÎïÖª£¬³£¼ûµÄÑõ»¯ÎïÓÐSeO3ºÍSeO2£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£»
¹ÊÑ¡BC£»
¢Úäå¾ßÓÐÇ¿Ñõ»¯ÐÔ£¬Äܽ«¶þÑõ»¯ÁòÑõ»¯ÎªÁòËᣬͬʱ×ÔÉí±»»¹Ô­ÎªÇâäåËᣬÀë×Ó·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽΪBr2+2H2O+SO2¨T4H++SO42-+Cl-£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºBr2+2H2O+SO2¨T4H++SO42-+Cl-£®

µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÁËÔªËØÖÜÆÚ±íºÍÔªËØÖÜÆÚÂɵÄ×ÛºÏÓ¦Ó㬸ù¾ÝÔªËØÖÜÆÚÂÉÀ´·ÖÎö½â´ð£¬ÊìÁ·ÕÆÎÕÔªËØÖÜÆÚÂÉÊǽⱾÌâ¹Ø¼ü£¬±È½ÏÈÝÒ×£®

Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿
10£®W¡¢X¡¢Y¡¢Z¡¢MÎåÖÖ¶ÌÖÜÆÚÔªËØÔÚÖÜÆÚ±íÖеÄλÖÃÈçͼ1£¬ZY2ÊÇÐγÉËáÓêµÄÖ÷ÒªÎïÖÊÖ®Ò»£®

£¨1£©MÔªËصÄÀë×ӽṹʾÒâͼΪ
£¨2£©Z¡¢M¶þÖÖÔªËصÄ×î¼òµ¥Æø̬Ç⻯ÎïµÄÎȶ¨ÐÔÓÉÇ¿µ½ÈõµÄ˳ÐòΪHCl£¾H2S£¨Óû¯Ñ§Ê½±íʾ£©£®
£¨3£©NaHZË®ÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔµÄÔ­ÒòÊÇHS-+H2?H2S+OH-£¨£¨ÓÃÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ±íʾ£©
£¨4£©Ò»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏÂX2ºÍH2ÔÚ2LµÄÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷Öз¢ÉúÈçÏ·´Ó¦X2+3H2¨T2XH3¡÷H£¼0£¬²â³öÈçÏÂÊý¾Ý£º
    Ê±¼ä£¨min£©
ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¨mol£©

0

1

2

3

4
X23.0n12.4n3n5
H29.08.47.2n4n6
XH300.4n22.02.0
·´Ó¦´ïµ½Æ½ºâʱ£¬X2µÄת»¯ÂÊΪ33.3%£¬¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄƽºâ³£ÊýΪ$\frac{1}{27}$£¨¿ÉÓ÷ÖÊý±íʾ£©
£¨5£©ÔÚ»ð¼ýÍƽøÆ÷ÖÐ×°ÓÐÇ¿»¹Ô­¼ÁҺ̬X2H4ºÍÇ¿Ñõ»¯¼ÁҺ̬H2Y2£¬µ±ËüÃÇ»ìºÏʱ£¬Æ½¾ùÿתÒÆ1molµç×Ó·ÅÈÈ160kJ£¬Í¬Ê±Éú³ÉҺ̬ˮºÍµªÆø£¬¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪN2H4£¨l£©+2H2O2£¨l£©=N2£¨g£©+4H2O£¨l£©¡÷H=-640kJ/mol£®
£¨6£©´«¸ÐÆ÷¹¤×÷Ô­ÀíÈçÓÒͼ£¬ÆøÌåÀ©É¢½øÈë´«¸ÐÆ÷£¬ÔÚÃô¸Ðµç¼«ÉÏ·¢Éú·´Ó¦£¬´«¸ÐÆ÷¾Í»á½ÓÊÕµ½µçÐźţ®Èô´ý²âÆøÌåWO£ºµç½âÖÊÈÜҺΪH2ZO4£¬¶Ôµç¼«³äÈë¿ÕÆø£¬ÓеçÁ÷²úÉú£¬ÔòÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÖÐÕýÈ·µÄÊÇC¡¢D
A£®Ãô¸Ðµç¼«×÷µç³ØÕý¼«
B£®¶Ôµç¼«Éϵĵ缫·´Ó¦Ê½Îª£ºO2+2H2O+4e-=4OH-
C£®Ãô¸Ðµç¼«¸½½üµç½âÖÊÈÜÒºµÄPH±äС
D£®Èô±ê¿öÏÂ44.8mLWOͨÈëÃô¸Ðµç¼«Ê±£¬´«¸ÐÆ÷Éϵç×ÓתÒÆÊýĿΪ0.004NA£®

Î¥·¨ºÍ²»Á¼ÐÅÏ¢¾Ù±¨µç»°£º027-86699610 ¾Ù±¨ÓÊÏ䣺58377363@163.com

¾«Ó¢¼Ò½ÌÍø