ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
20£®ÈçͼËùʾ£¬ÉÕ±ÖÐÊ¢ÓеÄaÈÜÒº½öº¬ÈýÖÖÀë×Ó£¬³£ÎÂÏÂPH=1£¬µ±ËüÎüÊÕÒ»¶¨Á¿µÄÒ×Òº»¯µÄÆøÌåX£¨´¿¾»Îºó£¬µÃµ½Ò»ÖÖwÈÜÒº£¬WÈÜÒºÎÞɫ͸Ã÷£¬º¬ÓÐËÄÖÖÀë×Ó£¬ÆäÖÐÒ»ÖÖÀë×Óº¬ÓÐ18¸öµç×Ó£¬Á½ÖÖÀë×Ó¸÷º¬ÓÐ10¸öµç×Ó£¬ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©A£® | ÆøÌåXÒ×Òº»¯µÄÔÒòÊÇÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿½Ï´ó | |
B£® | WÈÜÒºËÄÖÖÀë×ÓÖÐÁ½Á½½áºÏËùÄÜÐγɵÄÀë×Ó»¯ºÏÎïÓÐÁ½ÖÖ | |
C£® | ÈôaÈÜÒºÎüÊÕÒ»¶¨Á¿µÄÆøÌåXºó£¬ÈÜÒºpH=7£¬´ËʱÈÜÒºÖÐÓÐ4ÖÖÈÜÖÊ | |
D£® | aÈÜÒºÖÐÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄc£¨H+£©=10-13mol•L-1 |
·ÖÎö ÉÕ±ÖÐÊ¢ÓеÄaÈÜÒº½öº¬ÈýÖÖÀë×Ó£¬³£ÎÂÏÂPH=1£¬ËµÃ÷ÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬µ±ËüÎüÊÕÒ»¶¨Á¿µÄÒ×Òº»¯µÄÆøÌåX£¨´¿¾»Îºó£¬µÃµ½Ò»ÖÖwÈÜÒº£¬ÍƶÏXΪNH3£¬Éú³ÉµÄWΪNH4Cl£¬WÈÜÒºÎÞɫ͸Ã÷£¬º¬ÓÐËÄÖÖÀë×Ó£¬·Ö±ðΪCl-¡¢NH4+¡¢OH-¡¢H+£¬ÆäÖÐÒ»ÖÖÀë×Óº¬ÓÐ18¸öµç×ÓΪCl-£¬Á½ÖÖÀë×Ó¸÷º¬ÓÐ10¸öµç×ÓΪNH4+¡¢OH-£»
A¡¢°±Æø·Ö×Ó¼ä´æÔÚÇâ¼ü£¬¼üµÄ´æÔÚʹµÃ·Ö×Ó¼ä×÷ÓÃÁ¦ÔöÇ¿£¬Ê¹µÃ°±ÆøÒ×Òº»¯£»
B¡¢WÈÜÒºÎÞɫ͸Ã÷£¬º¬ÓÐËÄÖÖÀë×Ó£¬·Ö±ðΪCl-¡¢NH4+¡¢OH-¡¢H+£¬Á½Á½½áºÏÉú³ÉµÄÀë×Ó»¯ºÏÎïΪNH4Cl£»
C¡¢ÈôaÈÜÒºÎüÊÕÒ»¶¨Á¿µÄÆøÌåXºó£¬ÈÜÒºpH=7£¬NH3ºÍHCl·¢Éú·´Ó¦Éú³ÉµÄÂÈ»¯ï§ÈÜÒºÏÔËáÐÔ£¬°±ÆøÂÔ¹ýÁ¿£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐÈÜÖÊΪNH4ClºÍNH3•H2O£»
D¡¢aΪHClÈÜÒºÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈΪ0.1mol/L£¬ÔòË®µçÀë³öµÄÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈµÈÓÚË®µçÀëµÄÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×ÓŨ¶È£¬ÒÀ¾ÝÀë×Ó»ý³£Êý¼ÆËãµÃµ½£®
½â´ð ½â£ºÉÕ±ÖÐÊ¢ÓеÄaÈÜÒº½öº¬ÈýÖÖÀë×Ó£¬³£ÎÂÏÂPH=1£¬ËµÃ÷ÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬µ±ËüÎüÊÕÒ»¶¨Á¿µÄÒ×Òº»¯µÄÆøÌåX£¨´¿¾»Îºó£¬µÃµ½Ò»ÖÖwÈÜÒº£¬ÍƶÏXΪNH3£¬Éú³ÉµÄWΪNH4Cl£¬WÈÜÒºÎÞɫ͸Ã÷£¬º¬ÓÐËÄÖÖÀë×Ó£¬·Ö±ðΪCl-¡¢NH4+¡¢OH-¡¢H+£¬ÆäÖÐÒ»ÖÖÀë×Óº¬ÓÐ18¸öµç×ÓΪCl-£¬Á½ÖÖÀë×Ó¸÷º¬ÓÐ10¸öµç×ÓΪNH4+¡¢OH-£»
A¡¢°±Æø·Ö×Ó¼ä´æÔÚÇâ¼ü£¬¼üµÄ´æÔÚʹµÃ·Ö×Ó¼ä×÷ÓÃÁ¦ÔöÇ¿£¬Ê¹µÃ°±ÆøÒ×Òº»¯£¬ºÍÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿Î޹أ¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B¡¢WÈÜÒºÎÞɫ͸Ã÷£¬º¬ÓÐËÄÖÖÀë×Ó£¬·Ö±ðΪCl-¡¢NH4+¡¢OH-¡¢H+£¬Á½Á½½áºÏÉú³ÉµÄÀë×Ó»¯ºÏÎïΪHCl¡¢NH4Cl¡¢NH3•H2O¡¢H2O£¬ÆäÖÐÖ»ÓÐNH4ClÒ»ÖÖÀë×Ó»¯ºÏÎ¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C¡¢ÈÜÒºpH=7£¬NH3ºÍHCl·¢Éú·´Ó¦Éú³ÉµÄÂÈ»¯ï§ÈÜÒºÏÔËáÐÔ£¬°±ÆøÂÔ¹ýÁ¿£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐÈÜÖÊΪNH4ClºÍNH3•H2O£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»
D¡¢aΪHClÈÜÒºÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈΪ0.1mol/L£¬ÔòË®µçÀë³öµÄÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÒÀ¾ÝÀë×Ó»ý³£Êý¼ÆËãµÃµ½£¬c£¨OH-£©Ë®=c£¨H+£©Ë®=$\frac{1{0}^{-14}}{0.1}$=10-13mol/L£¬¹ÊDÕýÈ·£»
¹ÊÑ¡D£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÁ˵ç½âÖÊÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓÐÔÖʵķÖÎöÅжϣ¬ÎïÖÊÌØÕ÷ÐÔÖʵÄÀí½âÓ¦Óã¬ÏÔËáÐÔµÄÈÜÒº¿ÉÒÔÎüÊÕ¼îÐÔÆøÌåΪ°±ÆøÊǽâÌâ¹Ø¼ü£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ®
A£® | ·Ö×ÓÖеÄC¡¢H¡¢OµÄ¸öÊý±ÈΪ1£º2£º3 | B£® | ·Ö×ÓÖÐC¡¢H¸öÊý±ÈΪ1£º2 | ||
C£® | ¸ÃÓлúÎïµÄÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿Îª14 | D£® | ¸Ã·Ö×ÓÖп϶¨²»º¬ÑõÔªËØ |
A£® | Na | B£® | NaHCO3 | C£® | Na2CO3 | D£® | NaOH |
A£® | c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨OH-£© | B£® | c£¨A-£©+c£¨HA£©=0.05mol•L-1 | ||
C£® | c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨HA£©£¾c£¨OH-£© | D£® | c£¨HA£©+c£¨H+£©=c£¨A-£©+c£¨OH-£© |
A£® | 2ÖÖ | B£® | 3ÖÖ | C£® | 4ÖÖ | D£® | 5ÖÖ |
A£® | ÓÃʪÈóµÄpHÊÔÖ½²â¶¨ÈÜÒºµÄpH£¬²â¶¨½á¹ûƫС | |
B£® | ʯÈï¡¢·Ó̪µÈËá¼îָʾ¼Á¾ù¿ÉÓÃ×÷Öк͵樵Äָʾ¼Á | |
C£® | ÍÐÅÌÌìƽ³ÆÁ¿Ò©Æ·Ê±£¬¶¼Ó¦µæÉÏÂËÖ½³ÆÁ¿ | |
D£® | µÎ¶¨¹ÜÒÔ¼°ÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÔÚʹÓÃÇ°Ðè¼ì²éÊÇ·ñ©ˮ |
A£® | IA×壬µ¥ÖʵÄÈÛµãÖð½¥½µµÍ | |
B£® | ¢öA×壬¶ÔÆø̬Ç⻯ÎﻹÔÐÔÖð½¥ÔöÇ¿ | |
C£® | VA×åÇ⻯ÎïµÄ·ÐµãÖð½¥Éý¸ß | |
D£® | ¢ôA×å×î¸ßÑõ»¯Îï¶ÔӦˮ»¯ÎïµÄËáÐÔÖð½¥ÔöÇ¿ |
pH | 2 | 4 | 6 | 6.5 | 8 | 13.5 | 14 |
¸¯Ê´¿ìÂý | ½Ï¿ì | Âý | abc ½Ï¿ì | ||||
Ö÷Òª²úÎï | Fe2+ | Fe3O4 | Fe2O3 | FeO2- |
A£® | µ±pH£¼4ʱ£¬Ì¼¸ÖÖ÷Òª·¢ÉúÎöÇⸯʴ | |
B£® | µ±pH£¾6ʱ£¬Ì¼¸ÖÖ÷Òª·¢ÉúÎüÑõ¸¯Ê´ | |
C£® | µ±pH£¾14ʱ£¬Õý¼«·´Ó¦ÎªO2+4H++4e¡ú2H2O | |
D£® | ÔÚÖó·Ð³ýÑõÆøºóµÄ¼îÐÔÈÜÒºÖУ¬Ì¼¸Ö¸¯Ê´ËÙÂÊ»á¼õ»º |