ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
º£ÑóÊÇÒ»¸ö·á¸»µÄ×ʱ¦¿â£¬Í¨¹ýº£Ë®µÄ×ÛºÏÀûÓÿɻñµÃÐí¶àÎïÖʹ©ÈËÀàʹÓá£
£¨1£©º£Ë®ÖÐÑεĿª·¢ÀûÓãº
¢Ùº£Ë®ÖÆÑÎÄ¿Ç°ÒÔÑÎÌ﷨ΪÖ÷£¬½¨ÑÎÌï±ØÐëÑ¡ÔÚÔ¶À뽺ÓÈ뺣¿Ú£¬¶à·çÉÙÓ꣬³±Ï«Âä²î´óÇÒÓÖƽ̹¿Õ¿õµÄº£Ì²¡£Ëù½¨ÑÎÌï·ÖΪÖüË®³Ø¡¢Õô·¢³ØºÍ ³Ø¡£
¢ÚÄ¿Ç°¹¤ÒµÉϲÉÓñȽÏÏȽøµÄÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤µç½â²Û·¨½øÐÐÂȼҵÉú²ú£¬ÔÚµç½â²ÛÖÐÑôÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤Ö»ÔÊÐíÑôÀë×Óͨ¹ý£¬×èÖ¹ÒõÀë×ÓºÍÆøÌåͨ¹ý£¬Çë˵Ã÷ÂȼîÉú²úÖÐÑôÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤µÄ×÷Ó㺠£¨Ð´Ò»µã¼´¿É£©¡£
£¨2£©µçÉøÎö·¨ÊǽüÄê·¢Õ¹ÆðµÄÒ»ÖֽϺõĺ£Ë®µ»¯¼¼Êõ£¬ÆäÔÀíÈçͼËùʾ¡£ÆäÖоßÓÐÑ¡ÔñÐÔµÄÒõÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤ºÍÑôÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤Ïà¼äÅÅÁС£Çë»Ø´ðÏÂÃæµÄÎÊÌ⣺
¢Ùº£Ë®²»ÄÜÖ±½ÓͨÈëµ½Òõ¼«ÊÒÖУ¬ÀíÓÉÊÇ ¡£
¢ÚA¿ÚÅųöµÄÊÇ £¨Ìî¡°µË®¡±»ò¡°Å¨Ë®¡±£©¡£
£¨3£©Óÿà±£¨º¬µÈÀë×Ó£©¿ÉÌáÈ¡ä壬ÆäÉú²úÁ÷³ÌÈçÏ£º
¢ÙÈôÎüÊÕËþÖеÄÈÜÒºº¬BrO3-£¬ÔòÎüÊÕËþÖз´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ£º ¡£
¢Úͨ¹ý¢ÙÂÈ»¯ÒÑ»ñµÃº¬Br2µÄÈÜÒº£¬ÎªºÎ»¹Ðè¾¹ý´µ³ö¡¢ÎüÊÕ¡¢ËữÖØлñµÃº¬Br2µÄÈÜÒº£¿ ¡£
¢ÛÏòÕôÁóËþÖÐͨÈëË®ÕôÆø¼ÓÈÈ£¬¿ØÖÆζÈÔÚ90¡æ×óÓÒ½øÐÐÕôÁóµÄÔÒòÊÇ ¡£
£¨1£©¢Ù½á¾§ ¢Ú×èÖ¹H2ÓëCl2·¢Éú·´Ó¦ÉõÖÁ·¢Éú±¬Õ¨»ò×èÖ¹Cl2ÓëÉú³ÉµÄNaOHÈÜÒº·´Ó¦¶øʹÉÕ¼î²úÆ·²»´¿µÈ£¨ÆäËûºÏÀí´ð°¸Ò²¸ø·Ö£©
£¨2£©¢Ùº£Ë®Öк¬½Ï¶àMg2+ºÍCa2+µÈÑôÀë×Ó£¬µç½âʱ»á²úÉúMg£¨OH£©2¡¢Ca£¨OH£©2µÈ³Áµí´Ó¶ø¶ÂÈûÑôÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤£¨ÆäËûºÏÀí´ð°¸Ò²¸ø·Ö£©£¨3·Ö£©¢ÚµË®
£¨3£©¢Ù3CO32-+3Br2=5Br-+BrO3-+3CO2¡ü
¢Ú¸»¼¯ä壬Ìá¸ßBr2µÄŨ¶È£¨ÆäËûºÏÀí´ð°¸Ò²¸ø·Ö£©
¢ÛζȹýµÍÄÑÒÔ½«Br2ÕôÁó³öÀ´£¬µ«Î¶ȹý¸ßÓֻὫ´óÁ¿µÄË®ÕôÁó³öÀ´
½âÎöÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©¢Ùº£Ë®ÖÆÑÎÖ÷ÒªÊÇÀûÓÃÁËÕô·¢½á¾§ÔÀí£¬¹ÊËù½¨ÑÎÌï·ÖΪÖüË®³Ø¡¢Õô·¢³ØºÍ½á¾§³Ø¡£¢ÚÂȼîÉú²úÖÐÔÚÁ½¼«ÇøÄÚ»á²úÉúÇâÆøºÍÂÈÆø£¬¹ÊÑôÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤µÄ×÷Óãº×èÖ¹H2ÓëCl2·¢Éú·´Ó¦ÉõÖÁ·¢Éú±¬Õ¨»ò×èÖ¹Cl2ÓëÉú³ÉµÄNaOHÈÜÒº·´Ó¦¶øʹÉÕ¼î²úÆ·²»´¿µÈ¡£
£¨2£©¢Ùº£Ë®Öк¬½Ï¶àMg2+ºÍCa2+µÈÑôÀë×Ó£¬µç½âʱ»á²úÉúMg£¨OH£©2¡¢Ca£¨OH£©2µÈ³Áµí´Ó¶ø¶ÂÈûÑôÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤£¬¹Êº£Ë®²»ÄÜÖ±½ÓͨÈëµ½Òõ¼«ÊÒÖС£¢ÚA¿ÚÅųöµÄÊǵˮ¡£
£¨3£©¢ÙÓÿà±ÌáÈ¡ä壬ÎüÊÕËþÖз¢ÉúµÄ·´Ó¦ÎªäåÓë̼ËáÄƵķ´Ó¦£¬Éú³ÉÎïÖк¬BrO3-£¬Ôò·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽΪ3CO32-+3Br2=5Br-+BrO3-+3CO2¡ü£»¢Úͨ¹ý¢ÙÂÈ»¯ÒÑ»ñµÃº¬Br2µÄÈÜÒº£¬µ«äåµÄŨ¶ÈÌ«µÍ£¬²»±ãÓÚÊÕ¼¯£¬¾¹ý´µ³ö¡¢ÎüÊÕ¡¢ËữÖØлñµÃº¬Br2µÄÈÜÒºÊÇΪÁ˸»¼¯ä壬Ìá¸ßBr2µÄŨ¶È£»¢ÛζȹýµÍÄÑÒÔ½«Br2ÕôÁó³öÀ´£¬µ«Î¶ȹý¸ßÓֻὫ´óÁ¿µÄË®ÕôÁó³öÀ´£¬¹ÊÏòÕôÁóËþÖÐͨÈëË®ÕôÆø¼ÓÈÈ£¬¿ØÖÆζÈÔÚ90¡æ×óÓÒ½øÐÐÕôÁó¡£
¿¼µã£º¿¼²éº£Ë®ÖÆÑΡ¢º£Ë®µ»¯¡¢º£Ë®ÌáäåµÈÏà¹Ø֪ʶ¡£
ÔÚÑо¿ºÏ³É°±·½·¨µÄÀúÊ·ÉÏ£¬²»Í¬µÄÑо¿ÕßÔø3´Î»ñŵ±´¶û»¯Ñ§½±¡£ºÏ³É°±´ó´óÌá¸ßÁËÅ©×÷ÎïµÄ²úÁ¿£¬Í¬Ê±Ò²ÊÇÖÆÈ¡ÏõËá¡¢Õ¨Ò©µÈµÄÔÁÏ¡£ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÖÐÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
A£®N2ºÍH2ÔÚµãȼ»ò¹âÕÕÌõ¼þÏ¿ɺϳɰ±Æø |
B£®°±ºÍHNO3¶¼Êǵç½âÖÊ |
C£®°±ÆøÓöµ½Å¨ÏõËá»á·¢Éú·´Ó¦²úÉú´óÁ¿°×ÑÌ |
D£®ÓÉNH3ÖÆHNO3µÄ¹ý³ÌÖУ¬µªÔªËر»»¹Ô |
ÏÂÁжÔÊÂʵµÄ½âÊͲ»ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
Ñ¡Ïî | ÊÂʵ | ½âÊÍ |
A | ÓÃÂÁ¹Þ²Û³µ´¢ÔËŨÁòËá | ŨÁòËáµÄÇ¿Ñõ»¯ÐÔʹÂÁ¶Û»¯ |
B | Óñ¥ºÍNH4ClÈÜÒº´¦Àí¹ýµÄÎę̀²¼Á±¿É·À»ð | NH4Cl·Ö½âÎüÈÈ£¬ÇÒ·Ö½â²úÎïÄܸô¾ø¿ÕÆøÖеÄÑõÆø |
C | ÄÆÔªËصÄÑæÉ«·´Ó¦³Ê»ÆÉ« | Na2O2ÊÇÒ»ÖÖµ»ÆÉ«µÄ¹ÌÌå |
D | SO2ÄÜʹäåË®ÍÊÉ« | SO2¾ßÓл¹ÔÐÔ |
¡¾»¯Ñ§¡ªÑ¡ÐÞ2£º»¯Ñ§Óë¼¼Êõ¡¿(15·Ö)
I¡¢ÎÛË®¾¹ýÒ»¼¶¡¢¶þ¼¶´¦Àíºó£¬»¹º¬ÓÐÉÙÁ¿Cu2£«¡¢Hg2£«¡¢Pb2£«µÈÖؽðÊôÀë×Ó£¬¿É¼ÓÈë³Áµí¼ÁʹÆä³Áµí¡£ÏÂÁÐÎïÖʲ»ÄÜ×÷Ϊ³Áµí¼ÁµÄÊÇ
A£®°±Ë® | B£®Áò»¯ÇâÆøÌå | C£®ÁòËáÄÆÈÜÒº | D£®´¿¼îÈÜÒº |
»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©¹¤ÒµºÏ³É°±µÄÔÁÏÊǵªÆøºÍÇâÆø¡£µªÆøÊÇ´Ó¿ÕÆøÖзÖÀë³öÀ´µÄ£¬Í¨³£Ê¹ÓõÄÁ½ÖÖ·ÖÀë·½·¨ÊÇ £¬ £»ÇâÆøµÄÀ´Ô´ÊÇË®ºÍ̼Ç⻯ºÏÎд³ö·Ö±ð²ÉÓÃúºÍÌìÈ»ÆøΪÔÁÏÖÆÈ¡ÇâÆøµÄ»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦·½³Ìʽ £¬
£»
£¨2£© É豸AÖк¬Óеç¼ÓÈÈÆ÷¡¢´¥ÃººÍÈȽ»»»Æ÷£¬É豸AµÄÃû³Æ £¬ÆäÖз¢ÉúµÄ»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽΪ £»
£¨3£© É豸BµÄÃû³Æ £¬ÆäÖÐmºÍnÊÇÁ½¸öͨˮ¿Ú£¬ÈëË®¿ÚÊÇ (Ìî¡°m¡±»ò¡°n¡±)¡£²»ÒË´ÓÏà·´·½ÏòͨˮµÄÔÒò £»
£¨4£© É豸CµÄ×÷Óà £»
£¨5£©ÔÚÔÁÏÆøÖƱ¸¹ý³ÌÖлìÓÐCO¶Ô´ß»¯¼ÁÓж¾º¦×÷Óã¬Óû³ýÈ¥ÔÁÏÆøÖеÄCO£¬¿Éͨ¹ýÈçÏ·´Ó¦À´ÊµÏÖ£ºCO(g)£«H2O(g) CO2 (g)£« H2 (g) £¬ ÒÑÖª1000Kʱ¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄƽºâ³£ÊýK=0.627£¬ÈôҪʹCOµÄת»¯³¬¹ý90%£¬ÔòÆðʼÎïÖÐc(H2O)£ºc(CO)²»µÍÓÚ ¡£
¡²»¯Ñ§¡ªÑ¡ÐÞ2£º»¯Ñ§Óë¼¼Êõ¡³(15·Ö)
Á׿óʯÖ÷ÒªÒÔÁ×Ëá¸Æ¡²Ca3(PO4)2¡¤H2O¡³ºÍÁ×»Òʯ¡²Ca3(OH)(PO4)3¡³µÈÐÎʽ´æÔÚ¡£Í¼(a)ΪĿǰ¹ú¼ÊÉÏÁ׿óʯÀûÓõĴóÖÂÇé¿ö£¬ÆäÖÐʪ·¨Á×ËáÊÇÖ¸Á׿óʯÓùýÁ¿ÁòËá·Ö½âÖƱ¸Á×Ëᡣͼ(b)ÊÇÈÈ·¨Á×ËáÉú²ú¹ý¸÷ÖÐÓÉÁ×»ÒʯÖƵ¥ÖÊÁ×µÄÁ÷³Ì¡£
²¿·ÖÎïÖʵÄÏà¹ØÐÔÖÊÈçÏ£º
| ÈÛµã/¡æ | ·Ðµã/¡æ | ±¸×¢ |
°×Á× | 44 | 280.5 | |
PH3 | -133.8 | -87.8 | ÄÑÈÜÓÚË®£¬¾ßÓл¹ÔÐÔ |
SiF4 | -90 | -86 | Ò×Ë®½â |
£¨1£©ÊÀ½çÉÏÁ׿óʯ×îÖ÷ÒªµÄÓÃ;ÊÇÉú²úº¬Á×·ÊÁÏ£¬Ô¼Õ¼Á׿óʯʹÓÃÁ¿µÄ ¨G¡£
£¨2£©ÒÔÁ×»ÒʯΪÔÁÏ£¬Êª·¨Á×Ëá¹ý³ÌÖÐCa3F(PO4)3·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º ¡£ÏÖÓÐ1¶ÖÕۺϺ¬ÓÐÎåÑõ»¯¶þÁ×Ô¼30%µÄÁ×»Òʯ£¬×î¶à¿ÉÖƵÃ85¨GµÄÉÌÆ·Á×Ëá ¶Ö¡£
£¨3£©Èçͼ(b)Ëùʾ£¬ÈÈ·¨Éú²úÁ×ËáµÄµÚÒ»²½Êǽ«¶þÑõ»¯¹è¡¢¹ýÁ¿½¹Ì¿ÓëÁ×»Òʯ»ìºÏ£¬¸ßη´Ó¦Éú³É°×Áס£Â¯ÔüµÄÖ÷Òª³É·ÖÊÇ£º (Ìѧʽ)ÀäÄýËþ1µÄÖ÷Òª³Á»ýÎïÊÇ£º ÀäÄýËþ2µÄÖ÷Òª³Á»ýÎïÊÇ£º
£¨4£©Î²ÆøÖÐÖ÷Òªº¬ÓÐ £¬»¹º¬ÓÐÉÙÁ¿PH3¡¢H2SºÍHFµÈ£¬½«Î²ÆøÏÈͨÈë´¿¼îÈÜÒº£¬¿É³ýÈ¥
ÔÙͨÈë´ÎÂÈËáÄÆÈÜÒº£¬¿É³ýÈ¥ (¾ùÌѧʽ)
£¨5£©Ïà±ÈÓÚʪ·¨Á×ËᣬÈÈ·¨Á×ËṤÒÕ¸´ÔÓ£¬Äܺĸߣ¬µ«ÓŵãÊÇ£º ¡£
µª»¯¹èÊÇÒ»ÖÖ¸ßÎÂÌմɲÄÁÏ£¬ËüÓ²¶È´ó¡¢ÈÛµã¸ß£¬»¯Ñ§ÐÔÖÊÎȶ¨£¬¹¤ÒµÉÏÆÕ±é²ÉÓøߴ¿¹èÓë´¿µªÔÚ1 300 ¡æ·´Ó¦»ñµÃ¡£
(1)¸ù¾ÝÐÔÖÊ£¬ÍƲ⵪»¯¹èÌմɵÄÓÃ;ÊÇ________¡£(ÌîÐòºÅ)
A£®ÖÆÆûÂÖ»ú | B£®ÖÆÓÐÉ«²£Á§ |
C£®ÖÆÓÀ¾ÃÐÔÄ£¾ß | D£®ÖÆÔì²ñÓÍ»ú |
(3)µª»¯¹èÌÕ´É¿¹¸¯Ê´ÄÜÁ¦Ç¿£¬³ýÇâ·úËáÍ⣬Ëü²»ÓëÆäËûÎÞ»úËá·´Ó¦£¬ÊÔÍƲâ¸ÃÌմɱ»Çâ·úËḯʴµÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ___________________________________¡£
(4)ÏÖÓÃËÄÂÈ»¯¹èÓ뵪ÆøÔÚÇâÆøÆø·Õ±£»¤Ï£¬¼ÓÇ¿ÈÈ·¢Éú·´Ó¦£¬¿ÉµÃ½Ï¸ß´¿¶ÈµÄµª»¯¹è£¬·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ_____________________________________¡£