ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
7£®ÔÚÏÂÁÐÊÂʵÖУ¬¸÷ÊÇʲôÒòËØÓ°ÏìÁË»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ£®£¨1£©¼¯ÆøÆ¿ÖÐÇâÆøºÍÂÈÆøµÄ»ìºÏÆøÌ壬ÔÚÆ¿ÍâµãȼþÌõʱ£¬»ìºÏÆøÌ屬ը¹âÕÕ£®
£¨2£©ÈÛ»¯µÄKClO3·Å³öÆøÅÝËÙÂʺÜÂý£¬ÈöÈëÉÙÁ¿MnO2ºÜ¿ì²úÉúÆøÌå´ß»¯¼Á£®
£¨3£©Í¬Å¨¶ÈͬÌå»ýµÄÑÎËá·ÅÈëͬÑù´óСµÄþÌõºÍÂÁÌõ£¬²úÉúÆøÌåÓпìÓÐÂý·´Ó¦Îï±¾ÉíµÄÐÔÖÊ£®
£¨4£©ÏÄÌìʳƷÒ×±äÖÊ£¬¶ø¶¬Ìì²»Ò×·¢Éú¸ÃÏÖÏóζȣ®
£¨5£©Í¬Ñù´óСµÄʯ»Òʯ·Ö±ðÔÚ1mol•L-1ÑÎËáºÍ0.1mol•L-1ÑÎËáÖз´Ó¦ËÙÂʲ»Í¬Å¨¶È£®
·ÖÎö Ó°Ï컯ѧ·´Ó¦ËÙÂʵÄÄÚÔÚÒòËØÊÇ·´Ó¦ÎïµÄÐÔÖÊ£¬Íâ½çÒòËØÓÐζȡ¢Å¨¶È¡¢Ñ¹Ç¿¡¢´ß»¯¼ÁÒÔ¼°¹ÌÌåµÄ½Ó´¥Ãæ»ýµÈ£¬¸ù¾ÝÓ°Ï컯ѧ·´Ó¦ËÙÂʵÄÒòËØ·½Ãæ½øÐзÖÎö¡¢Åжϣ¬´Ó¶øµÃ³öÕýÈ·µÄ½áÂÛ£®
½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©H2ºÍCl2ÔÚ³£ÎÂϲ»·´Ó¦£¬ÔÚÆ¿ÍâµãȼþÌõʱ·Å¹â£¬H2ºÍCl2·¢Éú·´Ó¦£¬¼´Ó°ÏìÒòËØΪ¹âÕÕ£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º¹âÕÕ£»
£¨2£©MnO2Æð´ß»¯×÷Ó㬼´Ó°ÏìÒòËØΪ´ß»¯¼Á£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º´ß»¯¼Á£»
£¨3£©Ã¾µÄ»îÆÃÐÔ±Èпǿ£¬¼´Ó°ÏìÒòËØΪ·´Ó¦Îï±¾ÉíµÄÐÔÖÊ£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º·´Ó¦Îï±¾ÉíµÄÐÔÖÊ£»
£¨4£©ÏÄÌìÆøθ߹ÊʳƷÒ×ù±ä£¬¶ø¶¬ÌìÆøεͲ»Ò×·¢Éú¸ÃÏÖÏ󣬼´Ó°ÏìÒòËØΪζȣ¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÎ¶ȣ»
£¨5£©ÑÎËáµÄŨ¶È²»Í¬·´Ó¦ËÙÂʲ»Í¬£¬¼´Ó°ÏìÒòËØΪŨ¶È£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÅ¨¶È£®
µãÆÀ ½â´ð±¾ÌâµÄ¹Ø¼üÊÇÒª³ä·ÖÀí½âÓ°Ï컯ѧ·´Ó¦ËÙÂʵÄÒòËØ£¬Ö»ÓÐÕâÑù²ÅÄܶÔÎÊÌâ×ö³öÕýÈ·µÄÅжϣ¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶȲ»´ó£®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿
17£®ÏÂÁÐÓйØʵÑéµÄÐðÊöÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
A£® | ³ýÈ¥£¨NH4£©2CO3ÈÜÒºÖк¬ÓеÄÉÙÁ¿NH4HCO3ÔÓÖʵķ½·¨ÊǼÓÈëNaOHÈÜÒº | |
B£® | ½«»ìÓÐHClµÄCl2ͨÈë±¥ºÍNaHCO3ÈÜÒºÖв»Äܵõ½´¿¾»µÄÂÈÆø | |
C£® | ÏòÁ½·ÝFe2O3µÄ¹ÌÌåÖзֱð¼ÓÈëHClÈÜÒºÓëHIÈÜÒº£¬¶þÕß·´Ó¦ÏÖÏóÏàͬ | |
D£® | Ïò¹ÌÌåÖмÓÈë×ãÁ¿µÄŨHNO3¼ÓÈÈ£¬Äܵõ½Ê¹³ÎÇåʯ»ÒË®±ä»ë×ǵÄÆøÌ壬֤Ã÷¸Ã¹ÌÌåÖÐÒ»¶¨´æÔÚCO32-»òHCO3- |
18£®ÃÀ¼®»ªÒá¿Æѧ¼ÒÇ®ÓÀ¼ü¡¢ÈÕ±¾¿Æѧ¼ÒÏÂÐÞ´åºÍÃÀ¹ú¿Æѧ¼ÒÂí¶¡•É³¶û·ÆÒòÔÚ·¢ÏÖºÍÑо¿ÂÌÉ«Ó«¹âµ°°×£¨GFP£©·½Ãæ×ö³öÍ»³ö¹±Ï׶ø·ÖÏíÁË2008Äêŵ±´¶û»¯Ñ§½±£®¾Ñо¿·¢ÏÖGFPÖеÄÉúÉ«»ùÍŽṹÈçͼËùʾ£¬ÏÂÁÐÓйØGFPµÄ˵·¨ÖÐÕýÈ·µÄ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
A£® | ¸ÃÓлúÎïÊôÓÚ·¼ÏãÌþ | |
B£® | ¸ÃÓлúÎïÄÜ·¢ÉúË®½â·´Ó¦£¬ÇÒ1mol¸ÃÓлúÎïÐèÏûºÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ2mol | |
C£® | ¸ÃÓлúÎïÄÜÓëäåË®·¢ÉúÈ¡´ú·´Ó¦ÏûºÄBr2 3mol | |
D£® | ¸ÃÓлúÎï¼ÈÄÜÓëÑÎËá·´Ó¦£¬ÓÖÄÜÓë̼ËáÇâÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦ |
15£®ÒÑÖª298Kʱ£¬Mg£¨OH£©2µÄÈܶȻý³£ÊýKsp=5.6¡Á10-12£¬È¡ÊÊÁ¿µÄMgCl2ÈÜÒº£¬¼ÓÈëÒ»¶¨Á¿µÄÉÕ¼îÈÜÒº´ïµ½³ÁµíÈܽâƽºâ£¬²âµÃpH=13£¬ÔòÏÂÁÐ˵·¨²»ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
A£® | ËùµÃÈÜÒºÖеÄc£¨H+£©=1.0¡Á10-13 mol•L-1 | |
B£® | ËùµÃÈÜÒºÖÐÓÉË®µçÀë²úÉúµÄc£¨OH-£©=1.0¡Á10-13 mol•L-1 | |
C£® | Ëù¼ÓµÄÉÕ¼îÈÜÒºµÄpH=13.0 | |
D£® | ËùµÃÈÜÒºÖеÄc£¨Mg2+£©=5.6¡Á10-10 mol•L-1 |
2£®A¡¢B¡¢C¡¢D¡¢EÊÇÖÐѧ»¯Ñ§³£¼ûµÄÎåÖÖÔªËØ£¬Ô×ÓÐòÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´ó£¬Æä½á¹¹»òÐÔÖÊÐÅÏ¢ÈçÏÂ±í£º
£¨1£©EÔªËØ»ù̬Ô×ӵĵç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½ÊÇ1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2£»
£¨2£©±È½ÏBÓëOÔªËصĵÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜ£ºB£¾O£¬AÓëCµÄµç¸ºÐÔ£ºA£¼C £¨Ì£¬=»ò£¾£©£»A DÐγɵÄÒ»ÖÖ³£¼û»¯ºÏÎ³£ÎÂÏÂΪҺÌ壬ÊÇÁ¼ºÃµÄÓлúÈܼÁ£¬Æä·Ö×ÓÖк¬ÓеĹ²¼Û¼üÀàÐÍÊǦҼü£®£¨Ìî¡°¦Ò¼ü¡±»ò¡°¦Ð¼ü¡±£©£®
£¨3£©Ð´³ö¹¤ÒµÉÏÖƱ¸Dµ¥ÖʵÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ2Cl-+2H2O$\frac{\underline{\;µç½â\;}}{\;}$Cl2¡ü+2OH-+H2¡ü£»
£¨4£©Eµ¥ÖÊÔÚº£Ë®ÖÐÒ×·¢Éúµç»¯Ñ§¸¯Ê´£¬Ð´³öÕý¼«µÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½O2+2H2O+4e-=4OH-£»
£¨5£©ÔÚÒ»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏ£¬BÓëD¿ÉÐγÉÒ»ÖÖ»¯ºÏÎ¸Ã»¯ºÏÎï·Ö×ÓÖÐÿ¸öÔ×Ó×îÍâ²ã¾ùΪ8µç×Ó£¬³£ÎÂÏÂΪµ»ÆÉ«ÒºÌ壬ÓöˮǿÁÒË®½â£¬Éú³ÉÁ½ÖÖ²úÎÆäÖÐÖ®Ò»µÄ·Ö×Ó¹¹ÐÍΪÈý½Ç׶ÐΣ¬ÁíÒ»ÖÖ²úÎï¾ßÓÐƯ°×ÐÔ£¬Ð´³ö¸Ã»¯ºÏÎïÓëË®·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£ºNCl3+3H2O¨TNH3+3HClO£®
£¨6£©¼ºÖªµ¥ÖÊBÉú³É4.25gÆø̬Ç⻯ÎïWʱ£¬Êͷųö11.55KJµÄÈÈÁ¿£®Ð´³ö¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽN2£¨g£©+3H2£¨g£©=2NH3£¨g£©¡÷H=-92.4kJ/mol£®
ÔªËØ | ½á¹¹»òÐÔÖÊÐÅÏ¢ |
A | ÆäÔ×Ó×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊýÊÇÄÚ²ãµç×ÓÊýµÄ2±¶ |
B | »ù̬Ô×Ó×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÅŲ¼ÎªnSnnPn+1 |
C | ·Ç½ðÊôÔªËØ£¬Æäµ¥ÖÊΪ¹ÌÌ壬ÔÚÑõÆøÖÐȼÉÕʱÓÐÃ÷ÁÁµÄÀ¶×ÏÉ«»ðÑæ |
D | µ¥ÖÊÔÚ³£Î¡¢³£Ñ¹ÏÂÊÇÆøÌ壮»ù̬Ô×ÓµÄM²ãÉÏÓÐ1¸öδ³É¶ÔµÄPµç×Ó |
E | ÆäÓëAÐγɵĺϽðΪĿµÄÓÃÁ¿×î¶àµÄ½ðÊô²ÄÁÏ |
£¨2£©±È½ÏBÓëOÔªËصĵÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜ£ºB£¾O£¬AÓëCµÄµç¸ºÐÔ£ºA£¼C £¨Ì£¬=»ò£¾£©£»A DÐγɵÄÒ»ÖÖ³£¼û»¯ºÏÎ³£ÎÂÏÂΪҺÌ壬ÊÇÁ¼ºÃµÄÓлúÈܼÁ£¬Æä·Ö×ÓÖк¬ÓеĹ²¼Û¼üÀàÐÍÊǦҼü£®£¨Ìî¡°¦Ò¼ü¡±»ò¡°¦Ð¼ü¡±£©£®
£¨3£©Ð´³ö¹¤ÒµÉÏÖƱ¸Dµ¥ÖʵÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ2Cl-+2H2O$\frac{\underline{\;µç½â\;}}{\;}$Cl2¡ü+2OH-+H2¡ü£»
£¨4£©Eµ¥ÖÊÔÚº£Ë®ÖÐÒ×·¢Éúµç»¯Ñ§¸¯Ê´£¬Ð´³öÕý¼«µÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½O2+2H2O+4e-=4OH-£»
£¨5£©ÔÚÒ»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏ£¬BÓëD¿ÉÐγÉÒ»ÖÖ»¯ºÏÎ¸Ã»¯ºÏÎï·Ö×ÓÖÐÿ¸öÔ×Ó×îÍâ²ã¾ùΪ8µç×Ó£¬³£ÎÂÏÂΪµ»ÆÉ«ÒºÌ壬ÓöˮǿÁÒË®½â£¬Éú³ÉÁ½ÖÖ²úÎÆäÖÐÖ®Ò»µÄ·Ö×Ó¹¹ÐÍΪÈý½Ç׶ÐΣ¬ÁíÒ»ÖÖ²úÎï¾ßÓÐƯ°×ÐÔ£¬Ð´³ö¸Ã»¯ºÏÎïÓëË®·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£ºNCl3+3H2O¨TNH3+3HClO£®
£¨6£©¼ºÖªµ¥ÖÊBÉú³É4.25gÆø̬Ç⻯ÎïWʱ£¬Êͷųö11.55KJµÄÈÈÁ¿£®Ð´³ö¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽN2£¨g£©+3H2£¨g£©=2NH3£¨g£©¡÷H=-92.4kJ/mol£®
19£®Äܹ»¼ø¶¨äåÒÒÍéÖÐäåÔªËصĴæÔڵIJÙ×÷ÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
A£® | ÔÚäåÒÒÍéÖÐÖ±½Ó¼ÓÈëAgNO3ÈÜÒº | |
B£® | ÔÚäåÒÒÍéÖмÓÕôÁóË®£¬È»ºó¼ÓÈëAgNO3ÈÜÒº | |
C£® | ÔÚäåÒÒÍéÖмÓÈëNaOHÈÜÒº£¬¼ÓÈȺóËữ£¬È»ºó¼ÓÈëAgNO3ÈÜÒº | |
D£® | ÔÚäåÒÒÍéÖмÓÈëÒÒ´¼¼ÓÈȺó£¬È»ºó¼ÓÈëAgNO3ÈÜÒº |
16£®ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
A£® | C5H12µÄͬ·ÖÒì¹¹ÌåÊýÄ¿Óë¼×±½£¨£©Ò»ÂÈ´úÎïµÄÊýÄ¿Ïàͬ | |
B£® | CH2¨TCH2+H20$\stackrel{Ò»¶¨Ìõ¼þ}{¡ú}$ CH3CH2OH ÊôÓÚ»¹Ô·´Ó¦ | |
C£® | C3H6Cl2ÓÐ4ÖÖͬ·ÖÒì¹¹Ì壨²»¿¼ÂÇÁ¢ÌåÒì¹¹£© | |
D£® | ʯÓÍ·ÖÁóºÍúµÄ¸ÉÁó¾ùÊôÓÚÎïÀí±ä»¯ |