ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
15£®ÃººÍʯÓÍÊÇÈËÀàʹÓõÄÖ÷ÒªÄÜÔ´£¬Í¬Ê±Ò²ÊÇÖØÒªµÄ»¯¹¤ÔÁÏ£®ÏÂͼËùʾΪúºÍʯÓÍ×ÛºÏÀûÓõIJ¿·Ö;¾¶£¬»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣮£¨1£©Ê¯Ó͵Ĵ߻¯ÖØÕûָʯÓÍÖеÄÁ´Ìþ¿ÉÒÔÔÚ´ß»¯¼Á´ß»¯Ï¸ıä·Ö×ӽṹ£¬ÓÉÁ´Ìþ±ä³É·¼ÏãÌþ£®ÏÂÁб仯ÖÐÊôÓÚÎïÀí±ä»¯µÄÊÇA£®
A£®Ê¯Ó͵ķÖÁó B£®Ê¯Ó͵ÄÁѽâ C£®Ê¯Ó͵Ĵ߻¯ÖØÕû D£®ÃºµÄ¸ÉÁó
£¨2£©ÒÔϸ÷ÎïÖÊÊÇÖ±ÁóÆûÓÍ¡¢ÁÑ»¯ÆûÓÍ¡¢´¼À༰·ÓÀàÖеijɷ֣¬¸ù¾ÝËù¸ø½á¹¹Ð´³öÃû³Æ»ò¸ù¾ÝÃû³Æд³ö½á¹¹¼òʽ£®
¢Ù2£¬4-¶þ¼×»ùÒÑÍé
¢Ú3-¼×»ù-1-¶¡Ï©
¢Û2-¼×»ù-1-¶¡´¼
¢ÜÁÚ¼×»ù±½·Ó
£¨3£©Ð´³öÏÂÁз´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º
¢ÙÓɱûÏ©ºÏ³É¾Û±ûÏ©Ê÷Ö¬£ºnCH2=CHCH3
¢ÚÓɼױ½ÖÆÈ¡TNT£¨ÈýÏõ»ù¼×±½£©£º+3HO-NO2+3H2O
¢Û¹¤ÒµÉÏÓÉÒÒȲÖÆÈ¡ÂÈÒÒÏ©£ºCH¡ÔCH+HClCH2=CHCl£®
·ÖÎö £¨1£©A£®Ê¯Ó͵ķÖÁóÊÇÀûÓÃʯÓÍÖи÷×é·ÖµÄ·ÐµãµÄ²»Í¬½«Æä·ÖÀëµÄ·½·¨£»
B£®Ê¯Ó͵ÄÁѽâÊÇÀûÓÃÖØÓ͵ȳ¤Á´ÌþÖƵÄÒÒÏ©µÈ¶ÏÁ´ÌþµÄ¹ý³Ì£»
C£®Ê¯Ó͵Ĵ߻¯ÖØÕûָʯÓÍÖеÄÁ´Ìþ¿ÉÒÔÔÚ´ß»¯¼Á´ß»¯Ï¸ıä·Ö×ӽṹ£¬ÓÉÁ´Ìþ±ä³É·¼ÏãÌþµÄ¹ý³Ì£»
D£®ÃºµÄ¸ÉÁóÊǽ«Ãº¸ô¾ø¿ÕÆø¼ÓÇ¿ÈÈÊÇú·Ö½âµÄ¹ý³Ì£»
£¨2£©¢ÙÍéÌþÃüÃûʱ£¬Ñ¡×µÄ̼Á´ÎªÖ÷Á´£¬´ÓÀëÖ§Á´½üµÄÒ»¶Ë¸øÖ÷Á´ÉϵÄ̼Ô×Ó±àºÅ£»
¢ÚÏ©ÌþÃüÃûʱ£¬Ñ¡º¬¹ÙÄÜÍŵÄ×µÄ̼Á´ÎªÖ÷Á´£¬´ÓÀë¹ÙÄÜÍŽüµÄÒ»¶Ë¸øÖ÷Á´ÉÏ̼Ô×Ó±àºÅ£»
¢Û¸ù¾ÝÃû³Æ¿ÉÖª£¬Ö÷Á´ÉÏÓÐ4¸ö̼Ô×Ó£¬-OHÔÚ1ºÅ̼Ô×ÓÉÏ£¬¼×»ùÔÚ2ºÅ̼Ô×ÓÉÏ
¢ÜÓÉÃû³Æ¿ÉÖª£¬±½»·ÉϵÄ-OHºÍ¼×»ùÊÇÁÚλµÄ¹Øϵ£¬¾Ý´Ëд³ö½á¹¹¼òʽ£»
£¨3£©¢Ù±ûÏ©·¢Éú¼Ó¾Û·´Ó¦Ê±£¬Êǽ«Ì¼Ì¼Ë«¼ü´ò¿ªÏàÁ¬´Ó¶øÐγɸ߷Ö×Ó»¯ºÏÎ
¢Ú¼×±½ºÍŨÏõËáÔÚŨÁòËá×ö´ß»¯¼ÁµÄÌõ¼þÏ·¢ÉúÏõ»¯·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÈýÏõ»ù¼×±½£»
¢ÛÒÒȲºÍHCl·¢Éú²»ÍêÈ«¼Ó³É¿ÉÒÔÖƵÄÂÈÒÒÏ©£®
½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©A£®Ê¯Ó͵ķÖÁóÊÇÀûÓÃʯÓÍÖи÷×é·ÖµÄ·ÐµãµÄ²»Í¬½«Æä·ÖÀëµÄ·½·¨£»£¬ÊÇÎïÀí¹ý³Ì£¬¹ÊAÕýÈ·£»
B£®Ê¯Ó͵ÄÁѽâÊÇÀûÓÃÖØÓ͵ȳ¤Á´ÌþÖƵÄÒÒÏ©µÈ¶ÏÁ´ÌþµÄ¹ý³Ì£¬ÓÐÐÂÎïÖÊÉú³É£¬ÊÇ»¯Ñ§±ä»¯£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C£®Ê¯Ó͵Ĵ߻¯ÖØÕûָʯÓÍÖеÄÁ´Ìþ¿ÉÒÔÔÚ´ß»¯¼Á´ß»¯Ï¸ıä·Ö×ӽṹ£¬ÓÉÁ´Ìþ±ä³É·¼ÏãÌþµÄ¹ý³Ì£¬ÓÐÐÂÎïÖÊÉú³É£¬ÊÇ»¯Ñ§±ä»¯£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»
D£®ÃºµÄ¸ÉÁóÊǽ«Ãº¸ô¾ø¿ÕÆø¼ÓÇ¿ÈÈÊÇú·Ö½âµÄ¹ý³Ì£¬ÊÇ»¯Ñ§±ä»¯£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£®
¹ÊÑ¡A£»
£¨2£©¢ÙÍéÌþÃüÃûʱ£¬Ñ¡×µÄ̼Á´ÎªÖ÷Á´£¬¹ÊÖ÷Á´ÉÏΪ6¸ö̼Ô×Ó£¬´ÓÀëÖ§Á´½üµÄÒ»¶Ë¸øÖ÷Á´ÉϵÄ̼Ô×Ó±àºÅ£¬ÔòÔÚ2ºÅºÍ4ºÅ̼Ô×ÓÉϸ÷ÓÐÒ»¸ö¼×»ù£¬¹ÊÃû³ÆΪ£º2£¬4-¶þ¼×»ùÒÑÍ飬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º2£¬4-¶þ¼×»ùÒÑÍ飻
¢ÚÏ©ÌþÃüÃûʱ£¬Ñ¡º¬¹ÙÄÜÍŵÄ×µÄ̼Á´ÎªÖ÷Á´£¬ÔòÖ÷Á´ÉÏÓÐ4¸ö̼Ô×Ó£¬´ÓÀë¹ÙÄÜÍŽüµÄÒ»¶Ë¸øÖ÷Á´ÉÏ̼Ô×Ó±àºÅ£¬Ôò̼̼˫¼üÔÚ1ºÅºÍ2ºÅ̼Ô×ÓÖ®¼ä£¬ÔÚ3ºÅ̼Ô×ÓÉÏÓÐ4¸ö¼×»ù£¬¹ÊÃû³ÆΪ£º3-¼×»ù-1-¶¡Ï©£¬¹ÊÃû³ÆΪ£º3-¼×»ù-1-¶¡Ï©£»
¢Û¸ù¾ÝÃû³Æ¿ÉÖª£¬Ö÷Á´ÉÏÓÐ4¸ö̼Ô×Ó£¬-OHÔÚ1ºÅ̼Ô×ÓÉÏ£¬¼×»ùÔÚ2ºÅ̼Ô×ÓÉÏ£¬¹Ê½á¹¹¼òʽΪ£º£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£»
¢ÜÓÉÃû³Æ¿ÉÖª£¬±½»·ÉϵÄ-OHºÍ¼×»ùÊÇÁÚλµÄ¹Øϵ£¬¹Ê½á¹¹¼òʽΪ£º£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£»
£¨3£©¢Ù±ûÏ©·¢Éú¼Ó¾Û·´Ó¦Ê±£¬Êǽ«Ì¼Ì¼Ë«¼ü´ò¿ªÏàÁ¬´Ó¶øÐγɸ߷Ö×Ó»¯ºÏÎ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£ºn CH2=CHCH3£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºn CH2=CHCH3
£»
¢Ú¼×±½ºÍŨÏõËáÔÚŨÁòËá×ö´ß»¯¼Á¡¢¼ÓÈȵÄÌõ¼þÏ·¢ÉúÏõ»¯·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÈýÏõ»ù¼×±½ºÍË®£¬¹Ê»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º+3HO-NO2+3H2O
£¬+3HO-NO2+3H2O£»
¢ÛÒÒȲºÍHCl·¢Éú²»ÍêÈ«¼Ó³É¿ÉÒÔÖƵÄÂÈÒÒÏ©£¬»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£ºCH¡ÔCH+HClCH2=CHCl£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCH¡ÔCH+HClCH2=CHCl£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÁËúºÍʯÓ͵Ä×ÛºÏÀûÓÃÒÔ¼°ÓлúÎïµÄÃüÃûºÍ½á¹¹¼òʽµÄÊéд£¬Ó¦×¢Òâ°ÑÎÕ³£¼ûµÄÓлú·´Ó¦µÄ·´Ó¦Ìõ¼þ£®ÄѶȲ»´ó£®
A£® | ÔÚ£¨t1+10£©minʱ£¬ÆäËûÌõ¼þ²»±ä£¬Ôö´óѹǿ£¬Æ½ºâÏòÄæ·´Ó¦·½ÏòÒƶ¯ | |
B£® | £¨t1+10£©minʱ£¬±£³ÖÈÝÆ÷×Üѹǿ²»±ä£¬Í¨ÈëÏ¡ÓÐÆøÌ壬ƽºâÏòÓÒÒƶ¯ | |
C£® | T¡æʱ£¬ÔÚÏàͬÈÝÆ÷ÖУ¬ÈôÓÉ0.3 mol•L-1 A¡¢0.1 mol•L-1 BºÍ0.4 mol•L-1C·´Ó¦£¬´ïµ½Æ½ºâºó£¬CµÄŨ¶ÈÈÔΪ0.4 mol•L-1 | |
D£® | ¸Ã·´Ó¦ÎªÎüÈÈ·´Ó¦£¬Î¶ÈÉý¸ß£¬Æ½ºâÕýÏòÒƶ¯£¬AµÄת»¯ÂÊÉý¸ß |
A£® | ¸ÃÔ×ÓλÓÚµÚÈýÖÜÆÚ£¬¢õA×å | B£® | ¸ÃÔ×ÓλÓÚµÚÎåÖÜÆÚ£¬¢óB×å | ||
C£® | ¸ÃÔ×ÓλÓÚµÚÈýÖÜÆÚ£¬¢õB×å | D£® | ¸ÃÔ×ÓλÓÚµÚÎåÖÜÆÚ£¬¢óA×å |
¼× | ÒÒ | ±û | |
A | Na | H2O | Cl2 |
B | Al | Fe2O3 | Ï¡H2SO4 |
C | CH3CH2OH | NaOHÈÜÒº | CH3COOH |
D | Ba£¨OH£©2ÈÜÒº | CO2 | Na2CO3ÈÜÒº |
A£® | A | B£® | B | C£® | C | D£® | D |
¢ÙK+¡¢NH4+¡¢F-£»¢ÚK+¡¢Ba2+¡¢Cl-£»¢ÛK+¡¢Na+¡¢I-£»¢ÜK+¡¢Na+¡¢ClO-£®
A£® | ¢Ù¢Ú¢Û¢Ü | B£® | Ö»ÓÐ¢Ú¢Û¢Ü | C£® | Ö»ÓÐ¢Ù¢Û¢Ü | D£® | Ö»ÓÐ¢Ú¢Û |