ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
ij»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖпÉÄܺ¬ÓÐÏÂÁÐÀë×ÓÖеÄÈô¸ÉÖÖ£ºNH4+¡¢Na+¡¢Al3+¡¢Fe2+¡¢Fe3+¡¢AlO2-¡¢SO42-¡¢I-¡¢NO3-¡¢CO32-,ÒÑÖª¸÷Àë×ÓµÄŨ¶È¾ùԼΪ0.1mol/L£¬ÏÖÈ¡Á½·Ý20mL¸ÃÈÜÒº½øÐÐÈçÏÂʵÑ飺
£¨1£©µÚÒ»·Ý¼ÓÈë×ãÁ¿ÑÎËᣬ²úÉúÆøÌåÔÚ¿ÕÆøÖбäΪºìÉ«£¬ÔÚ·´Ó¦ºóµÄÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëBaCl2ÈÜÒº£¬Óа×É«³Áµí²úÉú¡£
£¨2£©µÚ¶þ·ÝÖðµÎµÎ¼ÓNaOHÈÜÒºÖÁ¹ýÁ¿£¬²úÉú³Áµíµ«²»Èܽ⣬²¢ÓÐÆøÌåÒݳö¡£
¸ù¾ÝÉÏÊöʵÑéÇé¿ö£¬ÒÔÏÂ˵·¨´íÎóµÄÊÇ£¨ £©¡£
A£®¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÒ»¶¨²»º¬ÓÐFe3+¡¢AlO2-¡¢Al3+¡¢CO32- |
B£®¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜҺͨ¹ý¼ÌÐø½øÐÐÑæÉ«·´Ó¦¿ÉÒÔ¼ä½ÓÈ·¶¨ÊÇ·ñº¬ÓÐI- |
C£®¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖп϶¨º¬ÓÐFe2+¡¢NH4+¡¢SO42-¡¢NO3- |
D£®Ïò¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖеμӷÓ̪ÊÔÒººó³ÊºìÉ« |
D
½âÎöÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£ºµÚÒ»·Ý¼ÓÈë×ãÁ¿ÑÎËᣬ²úÉúÆøÌåÔÚ¿ÕÆøÖбäΪºìÉ«£¬ËµÃ÷ÈÜÒºº¬ÓÐNO3?ºÍ»¹ÔÐÔÀë×ÓFe2+»òI?£¬ÔÚ·´Ó¦ºóµÄÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëBaCl2ÈÜÒº£¬Óа×É«³Áµí²úÉú£¬ËµÃ÷º¬ÓÐSO42?£»µÚ¶þ·ÝÖðµÎµÎ¼ÓNaOHÈÜÒºÖÁ¹ýÁ¿£¬²úÉú³Áµíµ«²»Èܽ⣬²¢ÓÐÆøÌåÒݳö£¬ËµÃ÷²»º¬Al3+£¬º¬ÓÐNH4+¡¢Fe2+»òFe3+£¬¸÷Àë×ÓµÄŨ¶È¾ùԼΪ0.1mol/L£¬¿ÉÖª¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖп϶¨º¬ÓÐFe2+¡¢NH4+¡¢SO42-¡¢NO3-£¬Ò»¶¨²»º¬ÓÐFe3+¡¢AlO2-¡¢Al3+¡¢CO32-£¬¹ÊA¡¢CÕýÈ·£»Í¨¹ý¼ÌÐø½øÐÐÑæÉ«·´Ó¦¿É¼ìÑéÊÇ·ñº¬ÓÐNa+£¬Èôº¬ÓÐNa+£¬Ôòº¬ÓÐI?£¬Èô²»º¬Na+£¬Ôò²»º¬ÓÐI?£¬¹ÊBÏîÕýÈ·£»D¡¢ÒòΪFe2+¡¢I?Ë®½â£¬ÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬µÎ¼Ó·Ó̪ÊÔÒººóΪÎÞÉ«£¬´íÎó¡£
¿¼µã£º±¾Ì⿼²éÀë×ÓµÄÍƶϡ£
ÏÂÁи÷×éÎïÖÊÖУ¬ÒòΪ·´Ó¦Ìõ¼þ»òÓÃÁ¿²»Í¬¶ø·¢Éú²»Í¬»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦µÄÊÇ( )
¢ÙCÓëO2 ¢ÚNaÓëO2 ¢ÛFeÓëCl2 ¢ÜAlCl3ÈÜÒºÓ백ˮ
¢ÝCO2ÓëNaOHÈÜÒº ¢ÞCuÓëÏõËá ¢ßAgNO3ÈÜÒºÓ백ˮ
A£®³ý¢ÛÍâ | B£®³ý¢Û¢ßÍâ | C£®³ý¢Û¢ÜÍâ | D£®³ý¢Þ¢ßÍâ |
½âÊÍÏÂÁÐÊÂʵµÄ·½³ÌʽÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
A£®¼ÓÈÈ¿ÉÔöÇ¿´¿¼îÈÜҺȥÎÛÁ¦: |
B£®ÓÃÏ¡ÏõËáÏ´µÓ×ö¹ýÒø¾µ·´Ó¦µÄÊÔ¹Ü: |
C£®ÏòúÖмÓÈëʯ»Òʯ¿É¼õÉÙúȼÉÕʱSO2µÄÅÅ·Å: |
D£®Ì¼ËáÇâÄÆÈÜÒºÓëÉÙÁ¿³ÎÇåʯ»ÒË®»ìºÏ³öÏÖ°×É«³Áµí: |
ÔÚ25¡æµÄÌõ¼þÏ£¬ÏÂÁи÷×éÀë×ÓÒ»¶¨ÄÜÔÚÖ¸¶¨»·¾³ÖдóÁ¿¹²´æµÄÊÇ
A£®ÔÚc(H+)=10-10 mol/LµÄÈÜÒºÖУº Al3+¡¢NH¡¢Cl£ ¡¢NO |
B£®pH=13µÄÈÜÒºÖУºK+ ¡¢Na+¡¢SO¡¢Cl£ |
C£®pH=2µÄÈÜÒºÖУº K+¡¢NH¡¢Cl£¡¢ClO£ |
D£®¼×»ù³È³ÊºìÉ«µÄÈÜÒºÖУºFe3+¡¢Na+ ¡¢SO¡¢CO |
ÊÒÎÂÏ£¬ÏÂÁи÷×éÀë×ÓÄÜ´óÁ¿¹²´æµÄÊÇ
A£®Ï¡ÁòËáÖУºK£«¡¢Mg2+¡¢AlO2£¡¢S2O32£ |
B£®Na2SÈÜÒºÖУºSO42-¡¢K£«¡¢Cl£¡¢Cu2£« |
C£®=10-13mol¡¤L-1ÈÜÒºÖУºFe3+¡¢NH4£«¡¢Mg2+¡¢ SO42- |
D£®Í¨Èë´óÁ¿CO2µÄÈÜÒºÖУºNa+¡¢ClO£¡¢CH3COO£¡¢HCO3£ |
ÏÂÁÐÖ¸¶¨·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
A£®CuÈÜÓÚÏ¡ÏõË᣺Cu£«2H£«£«NO3£=Cu2£«£«NO2¡ü£«H2O |
B£®(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2ÈÜÒºÓë¹ýÁ¿NaOHÈÜÒº·´Ó¦ÖÆFe(OH)2£ºFe2£«£«2OH£=Fe(OH)2¡ý |
C£®ÓÃCH3COOHÈܽâCaCO3£ºCaCO3£«2H£«=Ca2£«£«H2O£«CO2¡ü |
D£®ÏòNaAlO2ÈÜÒºÖÐͨÈë¹ýÁ¿CO2ÖÆAl(OH)3£ºCO2£«AlO2££«2H2O=Al(OH)3¡ý£«HCO3£ |
ÏÂÁи÷»·¾³ÏµÄÀë×Ó×éºÏÒ»¶¨ÄÜ´óÁ¿¹²´æµÄÊÇ£¨ £©
A£®c(HCO3£)=1¡Á10£1mol/LµÄÈÜÒºÖÐNa+¡¢AlO2£¡¢CH3COO£¡¢K+ |
B£®ÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄc(H+)=1¡Á10£14mol/LµÄÈÜÒºÖÐCO32£¡¢NH4+¡¢SO42£¡¢K+ |
C£®¼×»ù³È³ÊºìÉ«µÄÈÜÒºÖÐFe2+¡¢Cl£¡¢NO3£¡¢Na+ |
D£®ÄÜʹpHÊÔÖ½³ÊºìÉ«µÄÈÜÒºÖÐMg2+¡¢Cl£¡¢NO3£¡¢SO42£ |
ijÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚ´óÁ¿µÄH+¡¢Cl¡¥¡¢Fe3+£¬¸ÃÈÜÒºÖл¹¿ÉÄÜ´óÁ¿´æÔÚµÄÀë×ÓÊÇ
A£®OH¡¥ | B£®Ag+ | C£®CO | D£®SO |