ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
ÒÑ֪ij´ý²âÒºÓÉAg+¡¢Fe2+¡¢Al3+¡¢K+¡¢Ba2+¡¢NH4+¡¢NO3£¡¢SO42£ÖеÄÈô¸ÉÖÖÀë×Ó×é³É£¬½øÐÐÈçÏÂʵÑ飺
µÚÒ»²½£º¼ÓÈë¹ýÁ¿µÄÏ¡ÑÎËᣬÎÞ³ÁµíÉú³É¡£
µÚ¶þ²½£º¼ÌÐø¼ÓÈë¹ýÁ¿µÄÏ¡ÁòËᣬÓа×É«³ÁµíÉú³É¡£
µÚÈý²½£º¹ýÂË£¬È¡ÉÙÁ¿ÂËÒº£¬µÎÈëNaOHÈÜÒºÖÁÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬
Ôڴ˹ý³ÌÖÐÈÜÒº³ÁµíÁ¿µÄ±ä»¯ÈçÓÒͼËùʾ£¬¼ÓÈȸÃÈÜÒº£¬
¿É²úÉúʹʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶É«µÄÆøÌå¡£
¸ù¾ÝÒÔÉÏʵÑéÏÖÏó»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©¸Ã´ý²âÒºÖÐÒ»¶¨º¬ÓÐ Àë×Ó£¬Ò»¶¨Ã»ÓÐ Àë×Ó£¬¿ÉÄÜÓÐ Àë×Ó¡£
£¨2£©Ä³Í¬Ñ§²ÉÓòâpHµÄ·½·¨À´ÅжϵÎÈëNaOHÈÜÒººóÊÇ·ñʹÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬¸ÃʵÑé²Ù×÷ÊÇ ¡£
£¨3£©µÚÈý²½ÖвúÉúʹʪÈóºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶É«µÄÆøÌåµÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ £¬¸Ã²½ÖèÖÐÔ¤
ÆÚ»á³öÏÖÁíÍâÒ»¸öÌØÊâµÄʵÑéÏÖÏ󣬸ÃÏÖÏó¶ÔÓ¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ ¡£
µÚÒ»²½£º¼ÓÈë¹ýÁ¿µÄÏ¡ÑÎËᣬÎÞ³ÁµíÉú³É¡£
µÚ¶þ²½£º¼ÌÐø¼ÓÈë¹ýÁ¿µÄÏ¡ÁòËᣬÓа×É«³ÁµíÉú³É¡£
µÚÈý²½£º¹ýÂË£¬È¡ÉÙÁ¿ÂËÒº£¬µÎÈëNaOHÈÜÒºÖÁÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬
Ôڴ˹ý³ÌÖÐÈÜÒº³ÁµíÁ¿µÄ±ä»¯ÈçÓÒͼËùʾ£¬¼ÓÈȸÃÈÜÒº£¬
¿É²úÉúʹʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶É«µÄÆøÌå¡£
¸ù¾ÝÒÔÉÏʵÑéÏÖÏó»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©¸Ã´ý²âÒºÖÐÒ»¶¨º¬ÓÐ Àë×Ó£¬Ò»¶¨Ã»ÓÐ Àë×Ó£¬¿ÉÄÜÓÐ Àë×Ó¡£
£¨2£©Ä³Í¬Ñ§²ÉÓòâpHµÄ·½·¨À´ÅжϵÎÈëNaOHÈÜÒººóÊÇ·ñʹÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬¸ÃʵÑé²Ù×÷ÊÇ ¡£
£¨3£©µÚÈý²½ÖвúÉúʹʪÈóºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶É«µÄÆøÌåµÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ £¬¸Ã²½ÖèÖÐÔ¤
ÆÚ»á³öÏÖÁíÍâÒ»¸öÌØÊâµÄʵÑéÏÖÏ󣬸ÃÏÖÏó¶ÔÓ¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ ¡£
£¨1£©Fe2+¡¢Al3+¡¢Ba2+¡¢NH4+¡¢NO3- SO42-¡¢Ag+ K+
£¨2£©È¡Ò»Æ¬pHÊÔÖ½ÖÃÓÚ±íÃæÃóÉÏ£¬ÓýྻµÄ²£Á§°ôպȡ´ý²âÒº£¬µãÔÚpHÊÔÖ½µÄÖв¿£¬°ë·ÖÖÓºóÓë±ê×¼±ÈÉ«¿¨¶ÔÕÕ£¬ÅжÏÈÜÒºÊÇ·ñ³Ê¼îÐÔ¡£
£¨3£©NH4++OH- NH3¡ü+H2O 4Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O=4Fe(OH)3
£¨2£©È¡Ò»Æ¬pHÊÔÖ½ÖÃÓÚ±íÃæÃóÉÏ£¬ÓýྻµÄ²£Á§°ôպȡ´ý²âÒº£¬µãÔÚpHÊÔÖ½µÄÖв¿£¬°ë·ÖÖÓºóÓë±ê×¼±ÈÉ«¿¨¶ÔÕÕ£¬ÅжÏÈÜÒºÊÇ·ñ³Ê¼îÐÔ¡£
£¨3£©NH4++OH- NH3¡ü+H2O 4Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O=4Fe(OH)3
ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©¼ÓÈëHClÎÞ³ÁµíÉú³É˵Ã÷²»º¬ÓÐAg+¡£¼ÌÐø¼ÓÈë¹ýÁ¿µÄÏ¡ÁòËᣬÓа×É«³ÁµíÉú³É˵Ã÷º¬ÓÐBa2+Àë×Ó¡£·¢ÉúµÄ³Áµí·´Ó¦µÄ·½³ÌʽΪBa2++ SO42£=BaSO4¡ý¡£Ïò¹ýÂ˺óµÄÂËÒºÖеÎÈëNaOHÈÜÒºÖÁÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔÊ×ÏȲúÉú³Áµí¡£µ±³Áµí´ïµ½×î´óÖµºóÔٵμӡ£³ÁµíÁ¿²»±ä£¬ºó³ÁµíÓÖ¼õÉÙÒ»²¿·Ö¡£ËµÃ÷»¹º¬ÓÐFe2+¡¢Al3+¡¢NH4+¡£¸ù¾ÝÈÜÒº³ÊµçÖÐÐÔ¿ÉÖªÈÜÒºÖл¹Ó¦¸Ãº¬ÓÐÒõÀë×Ó¡£ÓÉÓÚBa2+ºÍ SO42£²»Äܹ²´æ£¬º¬ÓÐBa2+Àë×Ó£¬SO42£²»ÄÜ´æÔÚ¡£¹ÊÒ»¶¨»¹º¬ÓÐNO3£Àë×Ó¡£¹Ê¸Ã´ý²âÒºÖÐÒ»¶¨º¬ÓÐFe2+¡¢Al3+¡¢Ba2+¡¢NH4+¡¢NO3-£»Ò»¶¨²»º¬ÓÐSO42-¡¢Ag+£» K+¿ÉÄÜÓÐÒ²¿ÉÄÜûÓС££¨2£©ÅжÏÈÜÒºÊÇ·ñ³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬¸ÃʵÑé²Ù×÷ÊÇȡһƬpHÊÔÖ½ÖÃÓÚ±íÃæÃóÉÏ£¬ÓýྻµÄ²£Á§°ôպȡ´ý²âÒº£¬µãÔÚpHÊÔÖ½µÄÖв¿£¬°ë·ÖÖÓºóÓë±ê×¼±ÈÉ«¿¨¶ÔÕÕ£¬ÅжÏÈÜÒºÊÇ·ñ³Ê¼îÐÔ¡££¨3£©²úÉúʹʪÈóºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶É«µÄÆøÌåµÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪNH4++OH- NH3¡ü+H2O . ¸Ã²½ÖèÖпÉÄÜ»á³öÏÖÁíÍâÒ»¸öÌØÊâµÄʵÑéÏÖÏó¾ÍÊÇFe(OH)2²»Îȶ¨£¬ÈÝÒ×±»¿ÕÆøÖеÄÑõÆøÑõ»¯ÎªFe(OH)3£¬»á¿´µ½Ê×ÏȲúÉú°×É«³Áµí£¬²úÉú³ÁµíѸËÙ±äΪ»ÒÂÌÉ«£¬×îºó±äΪºìºÖÉ«¡£¸ÃÏÖÏó¶ÔÓ¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ4Fe(OH)2 +O2+ 2H2O=4Fe(OH)3¡£
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿