ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¢ñ£®ÏÖ´ú¹¤Òµ³£ÒÔÂÈ»¯ÄÆΪÔÁÏÖƱ¸´¿¼î£¬²¿·Ö¹¤ÒÕÁ÷³ÌÈçÏ£º
ÒÑÖªNaHCO3ÔÚµÍÎÂÏÂÈܽâ¶È½ÏС¡£
·´Ó¦¢ñ£ºNaCl+CO2+NH3+H2ONaHCO3¡ý+NH4Cl£¬´¦ÀíĸҺµÄÁ½ÖÖ·½·¨£º
£¨1£©ÏòĸҺÖмÓÈëʯ»ÒÈ飬¿É½«ÆäÖÐ________Ñ»·ÀûÓá£
£¨2£©ÏòĸҺÖÐͨÈëNH3£¬¼ÓÈëϸСµÄʳÑοÅÁ£²¢½µÎ£¬¿ÉµÃµ½NH4Cl¾§Ìå¡£ÊÔд³öͨÈëNH3ºó£¬Èܽâ¶È½ÏСµÄËáʽ̼ËáÑÎת±äΪÈܽâ¶È½Ï´óµÄ̼ËáÑεÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ ___________¡£
¢ò£®Ä³»¯Ñ§Ð¡×éÄ£Äâ¡°ºîÊÏÖƼ¡±£¬ÒÔNaCl¡¢NH3¡¢CO2ºÍË®µÈΪÔÁÏÒÔ¼°ÏÂͼËùʾװÖÃÖÆÈ¡NaHCO3£¬È»ºóÔÙ½«NaHCO3ÖƳÉNa2CO3¡£
£¨1£©×°ÖñûÖÐÀäË®µÄ×÷ÓÃÊÇ £»
£¨2£©ÓÉ×°ÖñûÖвúÉúµÄNaHCO3ÖÆÈ¡Na2CO3ʱ£¬ÐèÒª½øÐеÄʵÑé²Ù×÷ÓÐ_______¡¢Ï´µÓ¡¢×ÆÉÕ¡£NaHCO3ת»¯ÎªNa2CO3µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ £»
£¨3£©ÈôÔÚ£¨2£©ÖÐ×ÆÉÕµÄʱ¼ä½Ï¶Ì£¬NaHCO3½«·Ö½â²»ÍêÈ«£¬¸ÃС×é¶ÔÒ»·Ý¼ÓÈÈÁËt1 minµÄNaHCO3 ÑùÆ·µÄ×é³É½øÐÐÁËÒÔÏÂ̽¾¿¡£
È¡¼ÓÈÈÁËt1 minµÄNaHCO3ÑùÆ·29£®6 gÍêÈ«ÈÜÓÚË®ÖƳÉÈÜÒº£¬È»ºóÏò´ËÈÜÒºÖлºÂýµØµÎ¼ÓÏ¡ÑÎËᣬ²¢²»¶Ï½Á°è¡£Ëæ×ÅÑÎËáµÄ¼ÓÈ룬ÈÜÒºÖÐÓйØÀë×ÓµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄ±ä»¯ÈçͼËùʾ¡£
ÔòÇúÏßa¶ÔÓ¦µÄÈÜÒºÖеÄÀë×ÓÊÇ___________£¨ÌîÀë×Ó·ûºÅÏÂͬ£©£»ÇúÏßc¶ÔÓ¦µÄÈÜÒºÖеÄÀë×ÓÊÇ___________£»¸ÃÑùÆ·ÖÐNaHCO3ºÍNa2CO3µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®±ÈÊÇ £» 21
£¨4£©ÈôÈ¡21£®0 g NaHCO3¹ÌÌ壬¼ÓÈÈÁËt2 rninºó£¬Ê£Óà¹ÌÌåµÄÖÊÁ¿Îªl4£®8 g¡£Èç¹û°Ñ´ËÊ£Óà¹ÌÌåÈ«²¿¼ÓÈëµ½200 mL 2 mol?L¡ª1µÄÑÎËáÖУ¬Ôò³ä·Ö·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒºÖÐH+ µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈΪ____________£¨ÉèÈÜÒºÌå»ý±ä»¯ºöÂÔ²»¼Æ£©
ÒÑÖªNaHCO3ÔÚµÍÎÂÏÂÈܽâ¶È½ÏС¡£
·´Ó¦¢ñ£ºNaCl+CO2+NH3+H2ONaHCO3¡ý+NH4Cl£¬´¦ÀíĸҺµÄÁ½ÖÖ·½·¨£º
£¨1£©ÏòĸҺÖмÓÈëʯ»ÒÈ飬¿É½«ÆäÖÐ________Ñ»·ÀûÓá£
£¨2£©ÏòĸҺÖÐͨÈëNH3£¬¼ÓÈëϸСµÄʳÑοÅÁ£²¢½µÎ£¬¿ÉµÃµ½NH4Cl¾§Ìå¡£ÊÔд³öͨÈëNH3ºó£¬Èܽâ¶È½ÏСµÄËáʽ̼ËáÑÎת±äΪÈܽâ¶È½Ï´óµÄ̼ËáÑεÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ ___________¡£
¢ò£®Ä³»¯Ñ§Ð¡×éÄ£Äâ¡°ºîÊÏÖƼ¡±£¬ÒÔNaCl¡¢NH3¡¢CO2ºÍË®µÈΪÔÁÏÒÔ¼°ÏÂͼËùʾװÖÃÖÆÈ¡NaHCO3£¬È»ºóÔÙ½«NaHCO3ÖƳÉNa2CO3¡£
£¨1£©×°ÖñûÖÐÀäË®µÄ×÷ÓÃÊÇ £»
£¨2£©ÓÉ×°ÖñûÖвúÉúµÄNaHCO3ÖÆÈ¡Na2CO3ʱ£¬ÐèÒª½øÐеÄʵÑé²Ù×÷ÓÐ_______¡¢Ï´µÓ¡¢×ÆÉÕ¡£NaHCO3ת»¯ÎªNa2CO3µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ £»
£¨3£©ÈôÔÚ£¨2£©ÖÐ×ÆÉÕµÄʱ¼ä½Ï¶Ì£¬NaHCO3½«·Ö½â²»ÍêÈ«£¬¸ÃС×é¶ÔÒ»·Ý¼ÓÈÈÁËt1 minµÄNaHCO3 ÑùÆ·µÄ×é³É½øÐÐÁËÒÔÏÂ̽¾¿¡£
È¡¼ÓÈÈÁËt1 minµÄNaHCO3ÑùÆ·29£®6 gÍêÈ«ÈÜÓÚË®ÖƳÉÈÜÒº£¬È»ºóÏò´ËÈÜÒºÖлºÂýµØµÎ¼ÓÏ¡ÑÎËᣬ²¢²»¶Ï½Á°è¡£Ëæ×ÅÑÎËáµÄ¼ÓÈ룬ÈÜÒºÖÐÓйØÀë×ÓµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄ±ä»¯ÈçͼËùʾ¡£
ÔòÇúÏßa¶ÔÓ¦µÄÈÜÒºÖеÄÀë×ÓÊÇ___________£¨ÌîÀë×Ó·ûºÅÏÂͬ£©£»ÇúÏßc¶ÔÓ¦µÄÈÜÒºÖеÄÀë×ÓÊÇ___________£»¸ÃÑùÆ·ÖÐNaHCO3ºÍNa2CO3µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®±ÈÊÇ £» 21
£¨4£©ÈôÈ¡21£®0 g NaHCO3¹ÌÌ壬¼ÓÈÈÁËt2 rninºó£¬Ê£Óà¹ÌÌåµÄÖÊÁ¿Îªl4£®8 g¡£Èç¹û°Ñ´ËÊ£Óà¹ÌÌåÈ«²¿¼ÓÈëµ½200 mL 2 mol?L¡ª1µÄÑÎËáÖУ¬Ôò³ä·Ö·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒºÖÐH+ µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈΪ____________£¨ÉèÈÜÒºÌå»ý±ä»¯ºöÂÔ²»¼Æ£©
¢ñ£¨1£©NH3
£¨2£©HCO3¨C+NH3=NH4++CO32¨C
¢ò£®£¨1£©ÀäÈ´£¬Ê¹Ì¼ËáÇâÄƾ§ÌåÎö³ö
£¨2£©¹ýÂË 2NaHCO3Na2CO3+H2O+CO2¡ü
£¨3£©Na+ HCO3- 1:2
£¨4£©0£®75 mol/L
£¨2£©HCO3¨C+NH3=NH4++CO32¨C
¢ò£®£¨1£©ÀäÈ´£¬Ê¹Ì¼ËáÇâÄƾ§ÌåÎö³ö
£¨2£©¹ýÂË 2NaHCO3Na2CO3+H2O+CO2¡ü
£¨3£©Na+ HCO3- 1:2
£¨4£©0£®75 mol/L
ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£º¢ñ£¨1£©Ïò·ÖÀë³öNaHCO3¾§ÌåºóµÄĸҺNH4ClÖмÓÈë¹ýÁ¿Ê¯»ÒÈ飬·¢ÉúµÄ·´Ó¦ÓÐCa£¨OH£©2+2NH4Cl=2NH3¡ü+2H2O+CaCl2£¬×îÖÕ²úÎïΪÂÈ»¯¸Æ¡¢°±Æø£¬ÆäÖа±Æø¿ÉÔÙÀûÓ㬹ʴð°¸Îª£ºNH3£»
£¨2£©Í¨ÈëNH3ºó£¬Èܽâ¶È½ÏСµÄËáʽ̼ËáÑÎת±äΪÈܽâ¶È½Ï´óµÄ̼ËáÑεÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽHCO3¨C+NH3=NH4++CO32¨C¡£
¢ò£®£¨1£©×°ÖñûÖÐÀäË®µÄ×÷ÓÃÊǽµÎ£¬Ê¹Ì¼ËáÇâÄƾ§ÌåÎö³ö¡£
£¨2£©ÓÉ×°ÖñûÖвúÉúµÄNaHCO3·¢ÉúµÄ·´Ó¦Îª£¬NH3+CO2+H2O+NaCl=NaHCO3¡ý+NH4Cl£»ÖÆÈ¡Na2CO3ʱÐèÒª¹ýÂ˵õ½¾§Ì壬ϴµÓºó¼ÓÈÈ×ÆÉյõ½Ì¼ËáÄÆ£»2NaHCO3Na2CO3+H2O+CO2¡ü
£¨3£©ÈÜÒºÖÐÓйØÀë×ÓµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄ±ä»¯Îª£ºÄÆÀë×ÓʼÖÕ²»±ä£¬Ì¼Ëá¸ùÀë×Ó¼õС£¬Ì¼ËáÇâ¸ùÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÔö´ó£¬µ±Ì¼Ëá¸ùÀë×ÓÈ«²¿×ª»¯ÎªÌ¼ËáÇâ¸ùÀë×Ó£¬ÔÙµÎÈëÑÎËáºÍ̼ËáÇâ¸ùÀë×Ó·´Ó¦Éú³É¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬Ì¼ËáÇâ¸ùÀë×Ó¼õС£¬ËùÒÔcÇúÏß±íʾµÄÊÇ̼ËáÇâ¸ùÀë×ÓŨ¶È±ä»¯£»Ì¼Ëá¸ùÀë×ÓŨ¶È0£®2mol/L£»Ì¼ËáÇâ¸ùÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈΪ0£®1mol/L£»ÑùÆ·ÖÐNaHCO3ºÍNa2CO3µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®±ÈÊÇ1£º2£» ¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºNa+ £¬HCO3-£» 1£º2£»
£¨4£©ÈôÈ¡21g NaHCO3¹ÌÌåÎïÖʵÄÁ¿=21g/84g/mol=0£®25mol£¬
¼ÓÈÈÁËt1minºó£¬Ê£Óà¹ÌÌåµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª14£®8g£®ÒÀ¾Ý»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ´æÔÚµÄÖÊÁ¿±ä»¯¼ÆË㣺
2NaHCO3=Na2CO3+CO2¡ü+H2O ¡÷m
2 1 62
0£®2mol 0£®1mol 21g-14£®8g
·´Ó¦ºóNaHCO3ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿=0£®25mol-0£®2mol=0£®05mol£»NaHCO3+HCl=NaCl+H2O+CO2¡ü£»ÏûºÄÂÈ»¯ÇâÎïÖʵÄÁ¿0£®05mol£»
Na2CO3ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿=0£®1mol£¬Na2CO3+2HCl=2NaCl+H2O+CO2¡ü£¬ÏûºÄÂÈ»¯ÇâÎïÖʵÄÁ¿0£®2mol£»
Ê£ÓàÂÈ»¯ÇâÎïÖʵÄÁ¿=0£®200L¡Á2mol/L-0£®05mol-0£®2mol=0£®15mol£¬Ê£ÓàÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨H+£©=
0£®15mol/0£®2L=0£®75mol/L¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º0£®75mol/L
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿