ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
3£®Ä³Î¶ÈÏ£¬H2£¨g£©+CO2£¨g£©?H2O£¨g£©+CO£¨g£©µÄƽºâ³£ÊýK=2.25£®¸ÃζÈÏÂÔڼס¢ÒÒ¡¢±ûÈý¸öºãÈÝÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷ÖУ¬Í¶ÈëH2£¨g£©ºÍCO2£¨g£©£¬ÆäÆðʼŨ¶ÈÈç±íËùʾ£®ÆðʼŨ¶È | ¼× | ÒÒ | ±û |
c£¨H2£©/mol/L | 0.010 | 0.020 | 0.020 |
c£¨CO2£©/mol/L | 0.010 | 0.010 | 0.020 |
A£® | ·´Ó¦¿ªÊ¼Ê±£¬·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ£º¼×£¼ÒÒ£¼±û | |
B£® | ƽºâʱ£¬¼×ÖкͱûÖÐH2µÄת»¯ÂʾùÊÇ60% | |
C£® | ƽºâʱ£¬c£¨CO2£©±û=2c£¨CO2£©¼× | |
D£® | ƽºâʱ£¬ÒÒÖÐCO2µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊý´óÓÚ60% |
·ÖÎö A¡¢¸ù¾ÝŨ¶ÈÔ½´ó£¬·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÔ½´ó·ÖÎö»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ´óС£»
B¡¢¸Ã·´Ó¦ÊÇÆøÌåÌå»ýÇ°ºó²»±äµÄ·´Ó¦£¬ËùÒԼ׺ͱûΪµÈЧƽºâ£»
C¡¢¸Ã·´Ó¦ÊÇÆøÌåÌå»ýÇ°ºó²»±äµÄ·´Ó¦£¬ËùÒԼ׺ͱûΪµÈЧƽºâ£¬µ«±ûµÄÆðʼŨ¶ÈΪ¼×µÄÁ½±¶£¬ËùÒÔƽºâʱ£¬±ûŨ¶ÈΪ¼×µÄÁ½±¶£»
D¡¢¸ù¾Ýƽºâ³£Êý¼ÆËãƽºâʱ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊý£¬ÔÚÒÒÈÝÆ÷ÖÐÏ൱ÓÚÊǼ×ÈÝÆ÷ÖÐÔö¼ÓÁËH2£¬CO2µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊý¼õС£¬¾Ý´ËÅжϣ®
½â´ð ½â£ºA¡¢¸ù¾ÝŨ¶ÈÔ½´ó·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÔ½¿ì¿ÉÖª£¬·´Ó¦¿ªÊ¼Ê±£¬±ûÖеķ´Ó¦ÎïŨ¶È×î´ó£¬ËùÒÔ·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ×î¿ì£¬¼×Öеķ´Ó¦ÎïŨ¶È×îС£¬ËùÒÔ·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ×îÂý£¬ËùÒÔ£¬·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ£º¼×£¼ÒÒ£¼±û£¬¹ÊAÕýÈ·£»
B¡¢Éè¼×ÈÝÆ÷ÖÐƽºâʱ·´Ó¦µôµÄÇâÆøµÄŨ¶ÈΪxmol/L£¬¸ù¾ÝK=$\frac{x{\;}^{2}}{£¨0.01-x£©{\;}^{2}}$=2.25£¬µÃx=0.006£¬ËùÒÔH2µÄת»¯ÂÊÊÇ60%£¬Óּ׺ͱûΪµÈЧƽºâ£¬ËùÒÔ¼×ÖкͱûÖÐH2µÄת»¯ÂʾùÊÇ60%£¬¹ÊBÕýÈ·£»
C¡¢¼×ºÍ±ûΪµÈЧƽºâ£¬µ«±ûµÄÆðʼŨ¶ÈΪ¼×µÄÁ½±¶£¬ËùÒÔƽºâʱ£¬±ûŨ¶ÈΪ¼×µÄÁ½±¶£¬¹ÊCÕýÈ·£»
D¡¢Éè¼×ÈÝÆ÷ÖÐƽºâʱ·´Ó¦µôµÄ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄŨ¶ÈΪxmol/L£¬¸ù¾ÝK=$\frac{x{\;}^{2}}{£¨0.01-x£©{\;}^{2}}$=2.25£¬µÃx=0.006£¬ËùÒÔCO2µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊýΪ$\frac{0.006}{0.01+0.01}$=30%£¬ÔÚÒÒÈÝÆ÷ÖÐÏ൱ÓÚÊǼ×ÈÝÆ÷ÖÐÔö¼ÓÁËH2£¬CO2µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊý¼õС£¬ËùÒÔСÓÚ30%£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£»
¹ÊÑ¡D£®
µãÆÀ ±¾ÌâÖ÷Òª¿¼²éÁË»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâµÄÏà¹Ø¼ÆËã¡¢Ó°Ï컯ѧ·´Ó¦ËÙÂʵÄÒòËØ¡¢µÈЧƽºâµÄ˼ÏëµÈ֪ʶµã£¬ÖеÈÄѶȣ¬½âÌâʱҪעÒâ±È½Ï·´Ó¦Ç°ºóÆøÌåÌå»ýµÄ±ä»¯ÌØÕ÷£®
A£® | ÓÃÒ©³×È¡Ó÷Ûĩ״»òС¿ÅÁ£×´¹ÌÌå | |
B£® | ÓýºÍ·µÎ¹ÜµÎ¼ÓÉÙÁ¿ÒºÌå | |
C£® | ¸øÊ¢ÓÐ2/3Ìå»ýÒºÌåµÄÊԹܼÓÈÈ | |
D£® | ¹ýÂËʱ©¶·µÄ϶˹ܿÚÒª½ô¿¿ÉÕ±ÄÚ±Ú |
´ÎÂÈËá | Á×Ëá | ÁòËá | ¸ßÂÈËá | |
º¬ÑõËá | ||||
·ÇôÇ»ùÑõÔ×ÓÊý | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
ËáÐÔ | ÈõËá | ÖÐÇ¿Ëá | Ç¿Ëá | ×îÇ¿Ëá |
£¨2£©·Ö±ðд³öÑÇÁ×ËáºÍÑÇÉéËáÓë¹ýÁ¿µÄNaOHÈÜÒº·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£®ÑÇÁ×Ë᣺H3PO3+2NaOH=Na2HPO3+2H2O£¬ÑÇÉéË᣺H3AsO3+3NaOH=Na3AsO3+3H2O£®
£¨3£©±È½ÏH3AsO4¡¢H2CrO4¡¢HMnO4µÄËáÐÔÇ¿Èõ£¬ËáÐÔÓÉÈõµ½Ç¿µÄ˳ÐòH3AsO4¡¢H2CrO4¡¢HMnO4£®
£¨1£©ÏÂÁдëÊ©ÖУ¬ÓÐÀûÓÚ½µµÍ´óÆøÖÐCO2Ũ¶ÈµÄÓÐabc£®£¨Ìî×Öĸ±àºÅ£©
a£®²ÉÓýÚÄܼ¼Êõ£¬¼õÉÙ»¯Ê¯È¼ÁϵÄÓÃÁ¿
b£®¹ÄÀø³Ë×ø¹«½»³µ³öÐУ¬³«µ¼µÍ̼Éú»î
c£®ÀûÓÃÌ«ÑôÄÜ¡¢·çÄܵÈÐÂÐÍÄÜÔ´Ìæ´ú»¯Ê¯È¼ÁÏ
£¨2£©ÁíÒ»ÖÖ;¾¶Êǽ«CO2ת»¯³ÉÓлúÎïʵÏÖ̼ѻ·£®È磺
2CO2£¨g£©+2H2O£¨l£©¨TC2H4£¨g£©+3O2£¨g£©¡÷H=+1411.0kJ/mol
2CO2£¨g£©+3H2O£¨l£©¨TC2H5OH£¨1£©+3O2£¨g£©¡÷H=+1366.8kJ/mol
ÔòÓÉÒÒÏ©Ë®»¯ÖÆÒÒ´¼µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÊÇ£ºC2H4£¨g£©+H2O£¨l£©=C2H5OH£¨l£©¡÷H=-44.2kJ/mol£®
£¨3£©ÔÚÒ»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏ£¬6H2£¨g£©+2CO2£¨g£©?CH3CH2OH£¨g£©+3H2O£¨g£©£®
ζȣ¨k£© CO2ת»¯ÂÊ£¨%£© n£¨H2£©/n£¨CO2£© | 500 | 600 | 700 | 800 |
1.5 | 45 | 33 | 20 | 12 |
2 | 60 | 43 | 28 | 15 |
3 | 83 | 62 | 37 | 22 |
¢ÙζÈÒ»¶¨Ê±£¬Ìá¸ßÇâ̼±È£¬CO2µÄת»¯ÂÊÔö´ó£¨Ìî¡°Ôö´ó¡±¡°¼õС¡±»ò¡°²»±ä¡±£©£®
¢Ú¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄÕý·´Ó¦Îª·Å£¨Ìî¡°Îü¡±»ò¡°·Å¡±£©ÈÈ·´Ó¦£®
¢ÛÔÚͼһµÄ×ø±êϵÖÐ×÷ͼ£¬ËµÃ÷ѹǿÓÉp1Ôö´óµ½p2ʱ£¬ÓÉÓÚƽºâÒƶ¯ÒýÆðH2ת»¯ÂʺÍÒÒ´¼°Ù·Öº¬Á¿µÄ±ä»¯£®
A£® | 1mol Na2O2ÓëË®·´Ó¦£¬×ªÒƵç×Ó1mol | |
B£® | Na2O¡¢Na2O2×é³ÉÔªËØÏàͬ£¬ÓëCO2·´Ó¦µÄ²úÎïÒ²Ïàͬ | |
C£® | ÄÆÄÜÓëÑõÆøºÍË®·´Ó¦£¬ÄƱ©Â¶ÔÚ¿ÕÆøÖÐ×îÖյIJúÎïÊÇNaOH | |
D£® | ½«0.01molµÄNa2OºÍNa2O2·Ö±ðͶÈëͬÖÊÁ¿µÄË®ÖУ¬ËùµÃµ½µÄÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý²»Í¬ |