ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
ÒÑÖª£ºA-F¶¼ÊÇÖÜÆÚ±íÖÐÇ°ËÄÖÜÆÚµÄÔªËØ£¬ËüÃǵÄÔ×ÓÐòÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´ó£®ÆäÖÐA¡¢CÔ×ÓµÄL²ãÓÐ2¸öδ³É¶Ôµç×Ó£®DÓëEͬÖ÷×壬DµÄ¶þ¼ÛÑôÀë×ÓÓëCµÄÒõÀë×Ó¾ßÓÐÏàͬµÄµç×Ó²ã½á¹¹£®F3+Àë×ÓµÄM²ã3d¹ìµÀµç×ÓΪ°ë³äÂú״̬£®Çë¸ù¾ÝÒÔÉÏÐÅÏ¢£¬»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺£¨´ðÌâʱ£¬ÓÃËù¶ÔÓ¦µÄÔªËØ·ûºÅ±íʾ£©
£¨1£©A¡¢B¡¢CµÄµç¸ºÐÔÓÉСµ½´óµÄ˳ÐòΪ £®
£¨2£©DÔªËصÄÔ×ÓºËÍâ¹²ÓÐ ÖÖ²»Í¬Ô˶¯×´Ì¬µÄµç×Ó¡¢ ÖÖ²»Í¬Äܼ¶µÄµç×Ó£®
£¨3£©H2SºÍCÔªËصÄÇ⻯Î·Ö×ÓʽΪH2C2£©µÄÖ÷ÒªÎïÀíÐÔÖʱȽÏÈçÏ£º
H2SºÍH2C2µÄÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿»ù±¾Ïàͬ£¬Ôì³ÉÉÏÊöÎïÀíÐÔÖʲîÒìµÄÖ÷ÒªÔÒòÊÇ £®AC2ÖÐÐÄÔ×ÓµÄÔÓ»¯·½Ê½Îª £¬Ä³Àë×ÓÓëAC2»¥ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌ壬ÇÒÄÜÓÃÓÚ¼ø±ðF3+£¬Ð´³ö¸ÃÀë×ӵĵç×Óʽ £®
£¨4£©Ð´³öEµÄµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½£º £®
£¨5£©FºÍX£¨ÖÊ×ÓÊýΪ25£©Á½ÔªËصIJ¿·ÖµçÀëÄÜÊý¾ÝÁÐÓÚ±í£º
±È½ÏÁ½ÔªËصÄI2¡¢I3¿ÉÖª£¬Æø̬X2+ÔÙʧȥһ¸öµç×Ó±ÈÆø̬F2+ÔÙʧȥһ¸öµç×ÓÄÑ£®¶Ô´Ë£¬ÄãµÄ½âÊÍÊÇ £®
£¨1£©A¡¢B¡¢CµÄµç¸ºÐÔÓÉСµ½´óµÄ˳ÐòΪ
£¨2£©DÔªËصÄÔ×ÓºËÍâ¹²ÓÐ
£¨3£©H2SºÍCÔªËصÄÇ⻯Î·Ö×ÓʽΪH2C2£©µÄÖ÷ÒªÎïÀíÐÔÖʱȽÏÈçÏ£º
ÈÛµã | ·Ðµã | ±ê×¼×´¿öʱÔÚË®ÖеÄÈܽâ¶È | |
H2S | 187 | 202 | 2.6 |
H2C2 | 272 | 423 | ÒÔÈÎÒâ±È»¥ÈÜ |
£¨4£©Ð´³öEµÄµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½£º
£¨5£©FºÍX£¨ÖÊ×ÓÊýΪ25£©Á½ÔªËصIJ¿·ÖµçÀëÄÜÊý¾ÝÁÐÓÚ±í£º
ÔªËØ | X | F | |
µçÀëÄÜkJ?mol-1 | I1 | 717 | 759 |
I2 | 1509 | 1561 | |
I3 | 3248 | 2957 |
·ÖÎö£ºA¡¢B¡¢C¡¢D¡¢E¡¢F¶¼ÊÇÖÜÆÚ±íÖÐÇ°ËÄÖÜÆÚµÄÔªËØ£¬ËüÃǵÄÔ×ÓÐòÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´ó£¬A¡¢CÔ×ÓµÄL²ãÓÐ2¸öδ³É¶Ôµç×Ó£¬ÎªÌ¼ÔªËغÍÑõÔªËØ£¬Ô×ÓÐòÊýA£¼C£¬ËùÒÔAΪCÔªËØ£¬CΪOÔªËØ£»
BµÄÔ×ÓÐòÊý½éÓÚAÓëCÖ®¼ä£¬ËùÒÔBΪNÔªËØ£»
DµÄ¶þ¼ÛÑôÀë×ÓÓëCµÄÒõÀë×Ó¾ßÓÐÏàͬµÄµç×Ó²ã½á¹¹£¬DΪMgÔªËØ£¬DÓëEͬÖ÷×壬Ô×ÓÐòÊýD£¼E£¬ÔòEΪCaÔªËØ£»
F3+Àë×ÓM²ã3d¹ìµÀµç×ÓΪ°ëÂú״̬£¬ÔòFΪFeÔªËØ£®
BµÄÔ×ÓÐòÊý½éÓÚAÓëCÖ®¼ä£¬ËùÒÔBΪNÔªËØ£»
DµÄ¶þ¼ÛÑôÀë×ÓÓëCµÄÒõÀë×Ó¾ßÓÐÏàͬµÄµç×Ó²ã½á¹¹£¬DΪMgÔªËØ£¬DÓëEͬÖ÷×壬Ô×ÓÐòÊýD£¼E£¬ÔòEΪCaÔªËØ£»
F3+Àë×ÓM²ã3d¹ìµÀµç×ÓΪ°ëÂú״̬£¬ÔòFΪFeÔªËØ£®
½â´ð£º½â£ºA¡¢B¡¢C¡¢D¡¢E¡¢F¶¼ÊÇÖÜÆÚ±íÖÐÇ°ËÄÖÜÆÚµÄÔªËØ£¬ËüÃǵÄÔ×ÓÐòÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´ó£®A¡¢CÔ×ÓµÄL²ãÓÐ2¸öδ³É¶Ôµç×Ó£¬ÎªÌ¼ÔªËغÍÑõÔªËØ£¬Ô×ÓÐòÊýA£¼C£¬ËùÒÔAΪCÔªËØ£¬CΪOÔªËØ£»
BµÄÔ×ÓÐòÊý½éÓÚAÓëCÖ®¼ä£¬ËùÒÔBΪNÔªËØ£»
DµÄ¶þ¼ÛÑôÀë×ÓÓëCµÄÒõÀë×Ó¾ßÓÐÏàͬµÄµç×Ó²ã½á¹¹£¬DΪMgÔªËØ£¬DÓëEͬÖ÷×壬Ô×ÓÐòÊýD£¼E£¬ÔòEΪCaÔªËØ£»
F3+Àë×ÓM²ã3d¹ìµÀµç×ÓΪ°ëÂú״̬£¬ÔòFΪFeÔªËØ£»
¼´AΪCÔªËØ£¬BΪNÔªËØ£¬CΪOÔªËØ£¬DΪMgÔªËØ£¬EΪCaÔªËØ£¬FΪFeÔªËØ£»
£¨1£©AΪCÔªËØ£¬BΪNÔªËØ£¬CΪOÔªËØ£¬Í¬Ò»ÖÜÆÚÔªËØ£¬ÔªËصĵ縺ÐÔËæ×ÅÔ×ÓÐòÊýµÄÔö´ó¶øÔö´ó£¬ËùÒԵ縺ÐÔ´óС˳ÐòÊÇC£¼N£¼O£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºC£¼N£¼O£»
£¨2£©DΪMgÔªËØ£¬Ô×ÓÖеç×ÓµÄÔ˶¯×´Ì¬ÖÖÀàÓëÆäµç×ÓÊýÏàµÈ£¬ËùÒÔþÔ×ÓºËÍâÓÐ12ÖÖ²»Í¬Ô˶¯×´Ì¬µÄµç×Ó£¬ÓÐ1s¡¢2s¡¢2p¡¢3sËÄÖÖ²»Í¬Äܼ¶µÄµç×Ó£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º12£»4£»
£¨3£©CΪOÔªËØ£¬·Ç½ðÊôÐÔ½ÏÇ¿£¬¶ÔÓ¦µÄÇ⻯ÎïÄÜÐγÉÇâ¼ü£¬ÇÒÓëË®·Ö×ÓÖ®¼äÒ²¿ÉÒÔÐγÉÇâ¼ü£¬ËùÒÔH2O2µÄ·Ðµã±ÈH2S¸ß£»
CO2ÖÐÐÄÔ×Ó¼Û²ãµç×Ó¶Ô¸öÊýÊÇ2£¬ËùÒÔÖÐÐÄÔ×ÓµÄÔÓ»¯·½Ê½Îªsp£¬Ä³Àë×ÓÓëCO2»¥ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌ壬ÇÒÄÜÓÃÓÚ¼ø±ðFe3+µÄÀë×ÓΪSCN-£¬¸ÃÀë×ӵĵç×ÓʽΪ£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºH2O2·Ö×Ó¼ä´æÔÚÇâ¼ü£¬ÓëË®·Ö×Ó¿ÉÐγÉÇâ¼ü£»sp£»£»
£¨4£©EΪCaÔªËØ£¬¸ÆÔ×ÓºËÍâÓÐ20¸öµç×Ó£¬¸ù¾Ý¹¹ÔìÔÀíÖª£¬ÆäºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª1s22s22p63s23p64s2£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º1s22s22p63s23p64s2£»
£¨5£©ÖÊ×ÓÊýΪ25µÄÔªËØΪMn£¬ÓÉÓÚMn2+µÄ3d¹ìµÀµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª°ëÂú״̬½ÏÎȶ¨£¬ÄÑÒÔʧȥµç×Ó£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºMn2+µÄ3d¹ìµÀµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª°ëÂú״̬½ÏÎȶ¨£®
BµÄÔ×ÓÐòÊý½éÓÚAÓëCÖ®¼ä£¬ËùÒÔBΪNÔªËØ£»
DµÄ¶þ¼ÛÑôÀë×ÓÓëCµÄÒõÀë×Ó¾ßÓÐÏàͬµÄµç×Ó²ã½á¹¹£¬DΪMgÔªËØ£¬DÓëEͬÖ÷×壬Ô×ÓÐòÊýD£¼E£¬ÔòEΪCaÔªËØ£»
F3+Àë×ÓM²ã3d¹ìµÀµç×ÓΪ°ëÂú״̬£¬ÔòFΪFeÔªËØ£»
¼´AΪCÔªËØ£¬BΪNÔªËØ£¬CΪOÔªËØ£¬DΪMgÔªËØ£¬EΪCaÔªËØ£¬FΪFeÔªËØ£»
£¨1£©AΪCÔªËØ£¬BΪNÔªËØ£¬CΪOÔªËØ£¬Í¬Ò»ÖÜÆÚÔªËØ£¬ÔªËصĵ縺ÐÔËæ×ÅÔ×ÓÐòÊýµÄÔö´ó¶øÔö´ó£¬ËùÒԵ縺ÐÔ´óС˳ÐòÊÇC£¼N£¼O£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºC£¼N£¼O£»
£¨2£©DΪMgÔªËØ£¬Ô×ÓÖеç×ÓµÄÔ˶¯×´Ì¬ÖÖÀàÓëÆäµç×ÓÊýÏàµÈ£¬ËùÒÔþÔ×ÓºËÍâÓÐ12ÖÖ²»Í¬Ô˶¯×´Ì¬µÄµç×Ó£¬ÓÐ1s¡¢2s¡¢2p¡¢3sËÄÖÖ²»Í¬Äܼ¶µÄµç×Ó£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º12£»4£»
£¨3£©CΪOÔªËØ£¬·Ç½ðÊôÐÔ½ÏÇ¿£¬¶ÔÓ¦µÄÇ⻯ÎïÄÜÐγÉÇâ¼ü£¬ÇÒÓëË®·Ö×ÓÖ®¼äÒ²¿ÉÒÔÐγÉÇâ¼ü£¬ËùÒÔH2O2µÄ·Ðµã±ÈH2S¸ß£»
CO2ÖÐÐÄÔ×Ó¼Û²ãµç×Ó¶Ô¸öÊýÊÇ2£¬ËùÒÔÖÐÐÄÔ×ÓµÄÔÓ»¯·½Ê½Îªsp£¬Ä³Àë×ÓÓëCO2»¥ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌ壬ÇÒÄÜÓÃÓÚ¼ø±ðFe3+µÄÀë×ÓΪSCN-£¬¸ÃÀë×ӵĵç×ÓʽΪ£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºH2O2·Ö×Ó¼ä´æÔÚÇâ¼ü£¬ÓëË®·Ö×Ó¿ÉÐγÉÇâ¼ü£»sp£»£»
£¨4£©EΪCaÔªËØ£¬¸ÆÔ×ÓºËÍâÓÐ20¸öµç×Ó£¬¸ù¾Ý¹¹ÔìÔÀíÖª£¬ÆäºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª1s22s22p63s23p64s2£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º1s22s22p63s23p64s2£»
£¨5£©ÖÊ×ÓÊýΪ25µÄÔªËØΪMn£¬ÓÉÓÚMn2+µÄ3d¹ìµÀµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª°ëÂú״̬½ÏÎȶ¨£¬ÄÑÒÔʧȥµç×Ó£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºMn2+µÄ3d¹ìµÀµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª°ëÂú״̬½ÏÎȶ¨£®
µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²é½ÏΪ×ۺϣ¬Éæ¼°ÎïÖʽṹÓëÐÔÖʵĶà¸ö·½ÃæµÄ֪ʶ£¬ÕâЩ¶¼ÊÇ¿¼ÊÔÈȵ㣬Ã÷È·Ô×ÓºËÍâµç×ÓµÄÅŲ¼Ìص㣬עÒâÎïÖʵĽṹ¡¢¾§ÌåÀàÐÍÓëÐÔÖÊÖ®¼äµÄ¹Øϵ£¬ÄѶÈÖеȣ®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿