ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
17£®ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©¢Ù±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£¬2.24LNO2 ÓëË®·´Ó¦Éú³ÉNO3-µÄÊýĿΪ0.1NA
¢ÚÖÊ×ÓÊýΪ92¡¢ÖÐ×ÓÊýΪ143µÄÓË£¨U£©Ô×Ó£º92235U
¢ÛÏò±½·ÓÄÆÈÜÒºÖÐͨÈëÉÙÁ¿µÄCO2£ºCO2+H2O+2C6H5O-¡ú2C6H5OH+2CO32-
¢ÜÔÚÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄc£¨OH-£©=10-13 mol•L-1µÄÈÜÒºÖУºNa+¡¢Ba2+¡¢Cl-¡¢I-¿É´óÁ¿¹²´æ
¢Ý0.1moläå±½Öк¬ÓÐË«¼üµÄÊýĿΪ0.3NA
¢Þ1£¬3-¶þ¼×»ù¶¡Í飮
A£® | ¢Ù¢Ú¢Ý | B£® | ¢Ú¢Ü¢Þ | C£® | ¢Ú¢Ü | D£® | ¢Û¢Ý¢Þ |
·ÖÎö ¢Ù±ê×¼×´¿öÏÂ2.24LNO2µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª0.1mol£¬ÓÉÓÚ¶þÑõ»¯µªÓëË®·´Ó¦Éú³ÉNOºÍÏõËᣬËùÒÔÉú³ÉÏõËáµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ð¡ÓÚ0.1mol£»£¬
¢ÚÖÊÁ¿Êý=ÖÊ×ÓÊý+ÖÐ×ÓÊý£¬ÔªËØ·ûºÅµÄ×óÉϽÇΪÖÊÁ¿Êý¡¢×óϽÇΪÖÊ×ÓÊý£»
¢Û±½·ÓµÄËáÐÔ´óÓÚ̼ËáÇâ¸ùÀë×Ó£¬¶þÕß·´Ó¦Éú³É±½·ÓºÍ̼ËáÇâ¸ùÀë×Ó£»
¢ÜÔÚÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄc£¨OH-£©=10-13 mol•L-1µÄÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚ´óÁ¿ÇâÀë×Ó»òÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×Ó£¬ËÄÖÖÀë×ÓÖ®¼ä²»·´Ó¦£¬¶¼²»ÓëÇâÀë×ÓºÍÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×Ó·´Ó¦£»
¢Ýäå±½Öв»´æÔÚ̼̼˫¼ü£»
¢ÞÍéÌþµÄÃüÃûÖУ¬²»¿ÉÄܳöÏÖ1¼×»ù£¬ËµÃ÷Ñ¡È¡µÄÖ÷Á´²»ÊÇ×̼Á´£®
½â´ð ½â£º¢Ù±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£¬2.24LNO2µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª0.1mol£¬0.1mol¶þÑõ»¯µªÓëË®·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÏõËáºÍNO£¬Ôò·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÏõËá¸ùÀë×ÓµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ð¡ÓÚ0.1mol£¬NO3-µÄÊýĿСÓÚ0.1NA£¬¹Ê¢Ù´íÎó£»
¢ÚÖÊ×ÓÊýΪ92¡¢ÖÐ×ÓÊýΪ143µÄÓË£¨U£©Ô×ÓµÄÖÊÁ¿ÊýΪ235£¬¸ÃºËËØ¿ÉÒÔ±íʾΪ£º92235U£¬¹Ê¢ÚÕýÈ·£»
¢ÛÏò±½·ÓÄÆÈÜÒºÖÐͨÈëÉÙÁ¿µÄCO2£¬ÓÉÓÚ±½·ÓµÄËáÐÔ´óÓÚ̼ËáÇâ¸ùÀë×Ó£¬¶þÕß·´Ó¦Éú³É±½·ÓºÍ̼ËáÇâ¸ùÀë×Ó£¬ÕýÈ·µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ£ºCO2+H2O+C6H5O-¡úC6H5OH+HCO3-£¬¹Ê¢Û´íÎó£»
¢ÜÔÚÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄc£¨OH-£©=10-13 mol•L-1µÄÈÜҺΪËáÐÔ»ò¼îÐÔÈÜÒº£¬ÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚ´óÁ¿ÇâÀë×Ó»òÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×Ó£¬Na+¡¢Ba2+¡¢Cl-¡¢I-Ö®¼ä²»·´Ó¦£¬¶¼²»ÓëÇâÀë×ÓºÍÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×Ó·´Ó¦£¬ÔÚÈÜÒºÖÐÄܹ»´óÁ¿¹²´æ£¬¹Ê¢ÜÕýÈ·£»
¢Ý±½»·Öв»´æÔÚ̼̼˫¼ü£¬Ôò0.1moläå±½²»´æÔÚË«¼ü£¬¹Ê¢Ý´íÎó£»
¢Þ1£¬3-¶þ¼×»ù¶¡Í飺¸ÃÃüÃûÖдæÔÚ1-¼×»ù£¬ËµÃ÷Ñ¡È¡µÄÖ÷Á´´íÎó£¬ÕýÈ·ÃüÃûÓ¦¸ÃΪ£º2-¼×»ùÎìÍ飬¹Ê¢Þ´íÎó£»
¸ù¾Ý·ÖÎö¿ÉÖª£¬ÕýÈ·µÄΪ£º¢Ú¢Ü£¬
¹ÊÑ¡C£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÁË°¢·üÙ¤µÂÂÞ³£Êý¡¢Àë×Ó·½³Ìʽ¡¢Àë×Ó¹²´æµÄÅжϡ¢ÓлúÎïÃüÃûµÈ֪ʶ£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ¬ÊÔÌâ֪ʶµã½Ï¶à£¬³ä·Ö¿¼²éѧÉúÁé»îÓ¦Óûù´¡ÖªÊ¶µÄÄÜÁ¦£¬×¢ÒâÕÆÎÕÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽµÄÊéдÔÔò¡¢Àë×Ó¹²´æÌõ¼þ£®
A£® | HClºÍH2SO4¶¼ÊôÓÚËá | B£® | K2CO3ºÍK2O¶¼ÊôÓÚÑÎ | ||
C£® | NaOHºÍNa2CO3¶¼ÊôÓÚ¼î | D£® | H2OºÍO2¶¼ÊôÓÚÑõ»¯Îï |
A£® | άÉúËØCËùº¬µÄ¹ÙÄÜÍÅÓÐôÇ»ù¡¢ôÈ»ù¡¢Ì¼Ì¼Ë«¼ü | |
B£® | άÉúËØCÄܺÍäåË®¡¢ËáÐÔÖظõËá¼ØÈÜÒº·´Ó¦ | |
C£® | άÉúËØCµÄ·Ö×ÓʽΪC6H6O6 | |
D£® | άÉúËØCÄÜ·¢Éú¼Ó³É·´Ó¦¡¢Ñõ»¯·´Ó¦£¬²»ÄÜ·¢ÉúÈ¡´ú·´Ó¦ |
£¨1£©½«PM2.5Ñù±¾ÓÃÕôÁóË®´¦ÀíÖƳɴý²âÊÔÑù£®²âµÃ¸ÃÊÔÑùËùº¬Ë®ÈÜÐÔÎÞ»úÀë×ӵĻ¯Ñ§×é·Ö¼°Æäƽ¾ùŨ¶ÈÈçÏÂ±í£º
Àë×Ó | K+ | Na+ | NH4+ | SO42- | NO3- | Cl- |
Ũ¶È/mol•L-1 | 4¡Á10-6 | 6¡Á10-6 | 2¡Á10-5 | 4¡Á10-5 | 3¡Á10-5 | 2¡Á10-5 |
£¨2£©NOx Æû³µÎ²ÆøµÄÖ÷ÒªÎÛȾÎïÖ®Ò»£®Æû³µ·¢¶¯»ú¹¤×÷ʱ»áÒý·¢N2ºÍO2·´Ó¦£¬ÆäÄÜÁ¿±ä»¯Ê¾ÒâͼÈçÏ£º
ÔòN2ºÍO2·´Ó¦Éú³ÉNOµÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽΪN2£¨g£©+O2£¨g£©=2NO£¨g£©¡÷H=+184kJ•mol-1
£¨3£©µâÑ»·¹¤ÒÕ²»½öÄÜÎüÊÕSO2½µµÍ»·¾³ÎÛȾ£¬Í¬Ê±ÓÖÄÜÖƵÃÇâÆø£¬¾ßÌåÁ÷³ÌÈçÏ£º
¢ÙÓÃÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ±íʾ·´Ó¦Æ÷Öз¢ÉúµÄ·´Ó¦£ºSO2+I2+2H2O=SO42-+2I-+4H+
¢Ú½«Éú³ÉµÄÇâÆøÓëÑõÆø·Ö±ðͨÈëÁ½¸ö¶à¿×¶èÐԵ缫£¬KOHÈÜÒº×÷Ϊµç½âÖÊÈÜÒº£¬¸º¼«µÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½H2-2e-+2OH-=2H2O
£¨4£©ÎªÁ˸ÄÉÆ»·¾³£¬ÖйúÕþ¸®³Ðŵ£¬µ½2020Ä꣬µ¥Î»GDP¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÅŷűÈ2005ÄêϽµ40%¡«50%£®
¢ÙÓÐЧ¡°¼õ̼¡±µÄÊÖ¶ÎÖ®Ò»ÊǽÚÄÜ£¬ÏÂÁÐÖÆÇâ·½·¨×î½ÚÄܵÄÊÇC£¨ÌîÐòºÅ£©£®
A£®µç½âË®ÖÆÇ⣺2H2O$\frac{\underline{\;µç½â\;}}{\;}$2H2¡ü+O2¡üB£®¸ßÎÂʹˮ·Ö½âÖÆÇ⣺2H2O£¨g£©$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$2H2+O2
C£®Ì«Ñô¹â´ß»¯·Ö½âË®ÖÆÇ⣺2H2O$\frac{\underline{\;\;\;TiO_{2}\;\;\;}}{Ì«ÑôÄÜ}$2H2¡ü+O2¡ü
D£®ÌìÈ»ÆøÖÆÇ⣺CH4+H2O£¨g£©$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$CO+3H2
¢ÚCO2¿Éת»¯³ÉÓлúÎïʵÏÖ̼ѻ·£®ÔÚÌå»ýΪ1LµÄÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷ÖУ¬³äÈë1mol CO2ºÍ3mol H2£¬Ò»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏ·´Ó¦£ºCO2£¨g£©+3H2£¨g£©?CH3OH£¨g£©+H2O£¨g£©£»¡÷H=-49.0kJ•mol-1£¬²âµÃCO2ºÍCH3OH£¨g£©Å¨¶ÈËæʱ¼ä±ä»¯ÈçͼËùʾ£®´Ó3minµ½9min£¬v£¨H2£©=0.125mol•L-1•min-1£®
¢ÛÄÜ˵Ã÷ÉÏÊö·´Ó¦´ïµ½Æ½ºâ״̬µÄÊÇD£¨Ìî±àºÅ£©£®
A£®·´Ó¦ÖÐCO2ÓëCH3OHµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈÖ®±ÈΪ1£º1
£¨¼´Í¼Öн»²æµã£©
B£®»ìºÏÆøÌåµÄÃܶȲ»Ëæʱ¼äµÄ±ä»¯¶ø±ä»¯
C£®µ¥Î»Ê±¼äÄÚÏûºÄ3mol H2£¬Í¬Ê±Éú³É1mol H2O
D£®CO2µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊýÔÚ»ìºÏÆøÌåÖб£³Ö²»±ä
¢Ü¹¤ÒµÉÏ£¬CH3OHÒ²¿ÉÓÉCOºÍH2ºÏ³É£®²Î¿¼ºÏ³É·´Ó¦CO£¨g£©+2H2£¨g£©?CH3OH£¨g£©µÄƽºâ³£Êý£®ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇAC£®
ζÈ/¡æ | 0 | 100 | 200 | 300 | 400 |
ƽºâ³£Êý | 667 | 13 | 1.9¡Á10-2 | 2.4¡Á10-4 | 1¡Á10-5 |
B£®¸Ã·´Ó¦ÔÚµÍÎÂϲ»ÄÜ×Ô·¢½øÐУ¬¸ßÎÂÏ¿É×Ô·¢½øÐÐ
C£®ÔÚT¡æʱ£¬1LÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷ÖУ¬Í¶Èë0.1mol COºÍ0.2mol H2£¬´ïµ½Æ½ºâʱ£¬COת»¯ÂÊΪ50%£¬Ôò´ËʱµÄƽºâ³£ÊýΪ100
D£®¹¤ÒµÉϲÉÓÃÉԸߵÄѹǿ£¨5MPa£©ºÍ250¡æ£¬ÊÇÒòΪ´ËÌõ¼þÏ£¬ÔÁÏÆøת»¯ÂÊ×î¸ß£®
A£® | ¸ÃÓлúÎïµÄ·Ö×ÓʽΪC11H16O | |
B£® | ¸ÃÓлúÎï¿ÉÒÔʹäåË®ÍÊÉ« | |
C£® | ¸ÃÓлúÎïÒ×ÈÜÓÚË® | |
D£® | ¹âÕÕ£¬¸ÃÓлúÎï¿ÉÒÔÓëÂÈÆø·¢ÉúÈ¡´ú·´Ó¦ |
A£® | Y¡¢Z¡¢RÔªËؼòµ¥Àë×ӵİ뾶ÒÀ´ÎÔö´ó | |
B£® | º¬ÓÐY¡¢Z¡¢RÈýÖÖÔªËصĻ¯ºÏÎï×î¶àÖ»ÓÐ2ÖÖ | |
C£® | ÔªËØWºÍR×î¸ß¼ÛÑõ»¯Îï¶ÔӦˮ»¯ÎïµÄËáÐÔºóÕßÇ¿ | |
D£® | YÓëZÐγɵÄÁ½ÖÖ»¯ºÏÎïÖеĻ¯Ñ§¼üÀàÐͺÍÒõÑôÀë×Ó¸öÊý±È¾ùÏàͬ |
A£® | 8 | B£® | 16 | C£® | 10 | D£® | 12 |