ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
ÑÎÄàÊÇÂȼҵÖеķÏÔü£¬Ö÷Òªº¬ÓÐþ¡¢Ìú¡¢ÂÁ¡¢¸ÆµÈµÄ¹èËáÑκÍ̼ËáÑΡ£ÊµÑéÊÒÒÔÑÎÄàΪÔÁÏÖÆÈ¡MgSO4¡¤7H2OµÄÁ÷³ÌÈçÏ£º
ÒÑÖª£º(¢ñ) Ksp[Mg(OH)2]£½6.0¡Á
(¢ò) Fe2+¡¢Fe3+¡¢Al3+¿ªÊ¼³Áµíµ½ÍêÈ«³ÁµíµÄpH·¶Î§ÒÀ´ÎΪ£º7.1~9.6¡¢2.0~3.7¡¢3.1~4.7
(¢ó) ÈýÖÖ»¯ºÏÎïµÄÈܽâ¶È£¨S£©Ëæζȱ仯ÇúÏßÈçͼ¡£
»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©ÔÚÑÎÄàÖмÓH2SO4ÈÜÒº¿ØÖÆpHΪ1¡«2ÒÔ¼°µÚÒ»´ÎÖó·ÐµÄÄ¿µÄÊÇ£º¡¡¡¡¡£
£¨2£©ÈôÈÜÒºÖÐMg2+µÄŨ¶ÈΪ6 mol/L£¬ÈÜÒºpH¡Ý¡¡¡¡²Å¿ÉÄܲúÉúMg(OH)2³Áµí¡£
£¨3£©µÚ¶þ´Î¹ýÂËÐèÒª³ÃÈȽøÐУ¬Ö÷ÒªÔÒòÊÇ¡¡¡¡¡£ËùµÃÂËÔüµÄÖ÷Òª³É·ÖÊÇ¡¡ ¡£
£¨4£©´ÓÂËÒº¢òÖлñµÃMgSO4¡¤7H2O¾§ÌåµÄʵÑé²Ù×÷²½ÖèΪ£º¢ÙÏòÂËÒº¢òÖмÓÈë¡¡¡¡£¬¢Ú¹ýÂË£¬µÃ³Áµí£¬¢Û¡¡¡¡£¬¢ÜÕô·¢Å¨Ëõ£¬½µÎ½ᾧ£¬¢Ý¹ýÂË¡¢Ï´µÓµÃ²úÆ·¡£
£¨5£©Èô»ñµÃµÄMgSO4¡¤7H2OÖÊÁ¿Îª24.6 g£¬Ôò¸ÃÑÎÄàÖк¬Ã¾[ÒÔMg(OH)2¼Æ]µÄ°Ù·Öº¬Á¿Ô¼ £¨MgSO4¡¤7H2OʽÁ¿Îª246£©
ÒÑÖª£º(¢ñ) Ksp[Mg(OH)2]£½6.0¡Á
(¢ò) Fe2+¡¢Fe3+¡¢Al3+¿ªÊ¼³Áµíµ½ÍêÈ«³ÁµíµÄpH·¶Î§ÒÀ´ÎΪ£º7.1~9.6¡¢2.0~3.7¡¢3.1~4.7
(¢ó) ÈýÖÖ»¯ºÏÎïµÄÈܽâ¶È£¨S£©Ëæζȱ仯ÇúÏßÈçͼ¡£
»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©ÔÚÑÎÄàÖмÓH2SO4ÈÜÒº¿ØÖÆpHΪ1¡«2ÒÔ¼°µÚÒ»´ÎÖó·ÐµÄÄ¿µÄÊÇ£º¡¡¡¡¡£
£¨2£©ÈôÈÜÒºÖÐMg2+µÄŨ¶ÈΪ6 mol/L£¬ÈÜÒºpH¡Ý¡¡¡¡²Å¿ÉÄܲúÉúMg(OH)2³Áµí¡£
£¨3£©µÚ¶þ´Î¹ýÂËÐèÒª³ÃÈȽøÐУ¬Ö÷ÒªÔÒòÊÇ¡¡¡¡¡£ËùµÃÂËÔüµÄÖ÷Òª³É·ÖÊÇ¡¡ ¡£
£¨4£©´ÓÂËÒº¢òÖлñµÃMgSO4¡¤7H2O¾§ÌåµÄʵÑé²Ù×÷²½ÖèΪ£º¢ÙÏòÂËÒº¢òÖмÓÈë¡¡¡¡£¬¢Ú¹ýÂË£¬µÃ³Áµí£¬¢Û¡¡¡¡£¬¢ÜÕô·¢Å¨Ëõ£¬½µÎ½ᾧ£¬¢Ý¹ýÂË¡¢Ï´µÓµÃ²úÆ·¡£
£¨5£©Èô»ñµÃµÄMgSO4¡¤7H2OÖÊÁ¿Îª24.6 g£¬Ôò¸ÃÑÎÄàÖк¬Ã¾[ÒÔMg(OH)2¼Æ]µÄ°Ù·Öº¬Á¿Ô¼ £¨MgSO4¡¤7H2OʽÁ¿Îª246£©
£¨15·Ö£©
£¨1£©Ìá¸ßMg2+µÄ½þÈ¡ÂÊ£¨2·Ö£©
£¨2£©8£¨2·Ö£©
£¨3£©Î¶Ƚϸßʱ¸ÆÑÎÓëþÑηÖÀë¸ü³¹µ×£¨»ò¸ßÎÂÏÂCaSO4¡¤2H2OÈܽâ¶ÈС£©£¨2·Ö£©
Al(OH)3¡¢Fe(OH)3¡¢CaSO4¡¤2H2O £¨2·Ö£©
£¨4£©NaOHÈÜÒº£¨2·Ö£© Ïò³ÁµíÖмÓ×ãÁ¿Ï¡ÁòËᣨ2·Ö£©
£¨5£©20.0%£¨3·Ö£©
£¨1£©Ìá¸ßMg2+µÄ½þÈ¡ÂÊ£¨2·Ö£©
£¨2£©8£¨2·Ö£©
£¨3£©Î¶Ƚϸßʱ¸ÆÑÎÓëþÑηÖÀë¸ü³¹µ×£¨»ò¸ßÎÂÏÂCaSO4¡¤2H2OÈܽâ¶ÈС£©£¨2·Ö£©
Al(OH)3¡¢Fe(OH)3¡¢CaSO4¡¤2H2O £¨2·Ö£©
£¨4£©NaOHÈÜÒº£¨2·Ö£© Ïò³ÁµíÖмÓ×ãÁ¿Ï¡ÁòËᣨ2·Ö£©
£¨5£©20.0%£¨3·Ö£©
ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£ºÓÉÁ÷³Ìͼ£¬¢Ù¢Ú¢ÛËá½þ£¬Èܽ⣬¢Ü·ÖÀëÈÜÒººÍ¹ÌÌåÔÓÖÊ£¬Ö÷ÒªÊÇH2SiO3ºÍ²»ÈܽâµÄÂËÔü£¬¢Ý½«Fe2£« Ñõ»¯³ÉFe3£« ÒÔ±ã·Ö²½³ýÈ¥£¬¢Þ·ÖÀëFe (OH)3¡¢Al (OH)3ºÍMgSO4¡¢NaClÈÜÒº£¬ÓÉÂËÒº¢òµÃµ½²úÆ·¡£¢Åͨ¹ýÖó·ÐÌá¸ß·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ£¬Ìá¸ßMg2£« µÄ½þ³öÂÊ£¬´ð°¸£ºÌá¸ßMg2+µÄ½þÈ¡ÂÊ£»¢ÆKsp[Mg(OH)2]£½6.0¡Á=c(Mg2£«)c2(OH¨D )µÃ£ºc2(OH¨D )= 6.0¡Á/6=1.0¡Á10-12£¬c(OH¨D )=1.0¡Á10¨D6mol/L,PH8£¬´ð°¸£º8£»¢Ç´ÓͼÖжÁ³ö¸ßÎÂÏÂCaSO4¡¤2H2OÈܽâ¶ÈС£¬ÓëÈÜÒº·ÖÀë¸ü³¹µ×£¬´ð°¸£ºÎ¶Ƚϸßʱ¸ÆÑÎÓëþÑηÖÀë¸ü³¹µ×£¨»ò¸ßÎÂÏÂCaSO4¡¤2H2OÈܽâ¶ÈС£©£» Al(OH)3¡¢Fe(OH)3¡¢CaSO4¡¤2H2O£»¢ÈÂËÒº¢òÖк¬ÓÐMgSO4¡¢NaCl£¬Òª½«NaCl·ÖÀë³öÈ¥£¬ÒªÏȽ«Mg2£« ÐγÉMg(OH)2³Áµí£¬¹ýÂ˺ó½«NaCl³ýÈ¥£¬È»ºó¼ÓH2SO4ÖØÐÂÉú³ÉMgSO4£¬È»ºóÕô·¢Å¨Ëõ£¬½µÎ½ᾧ£¬¹ýÂË¡¢Ï´µÓ¡¢¸ÉÔïºó»ñµÃ¾§Ìå¡£´ð°¸£ºNaOHÈÜÒº£»Ïò³ÁµíÖмÓ×ãÁ¿Ï¡ÁòË᣻¢ÉMgSO4¡¤7H2OÖÊÁ¿Îª24.6 g£¬ÊÇ0.1mol,Ôò0.1molMg (OH)2Ϊ5.8 g£¬5.8g/29g¡Á100%=20.0%¡£´ð°¸£º20.0%¡£
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿