ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
2£®ÈçͼËùʾ¸÷ÎïÖÊÊÇÓɶÌÖÜÆÚ²¿·ÖÔªËØ×é³ÉµÄµ¥ÖÊ»ò»¯ºÏÎͼÖв¿·Ö·´Ó¦Ìõ¼þ¼°ÎïÖÊδÁгö£®ÒÑÖª£ºA¡¢C¡¢D¡¢F¾ùΪµ¥ÖÊ£¬C¡¢E¡¢F¡¢G³£ÎÂÏÂÊÇÆøÌ壬JΪ°×É«³Áµí£¬¼ÈÄÜÈÜÓÚB£¬ÓÖÄÜÈÜÓÚEµÄË®ÈÜÒº£»ÎïÖÊB¡¢G¿ÉÒÔʹʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶£¬ÇÒBµÄÑæÉ«·´Ó¦³Ê»ÆÉ«£®·´Ó¦¢ÜÊÇ»¯·Ê¹¤ÒµµÄÖØÒª·´Ó¦£®Çë»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©FµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªN2£®
£¨2£©BµÄµç×ÓʽΪ£®
£¨3£©·´Ó¦¢ÙµÄ·½³Ìʽ2Na+2H2O=2NaOH+H2¡ü£®
£¨4£©·´Ó¦¢ÚµÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ2Al+2OH-+2H2O¨T2AlO2-+3H2¡ü£®
·ÖÎö ת»¯¹ØϵÖи÷ÎïÖʾùΪ¶ÌÖÜÆÚÖ÷×åÔªËØ×é³ÉµÄµ¥ÖÊ»ò»¯ºÏÎ³£ÎÂÏÂÆøÌåG¿ÉÒÔʹʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶£¬ÔòGΪNH3£¬·´Ó¦¢ÜÊǹ¤ÒµÖÆ»¯·ÊµÄÖØÒª·´Ó¦Ö®Ò»£¬ÊǺϳɰ±£¬C¡¢F·Ö±ðΪN2¡¢H2ÖеÄÒ»ÖÖ£¬µ¥ÖÊAÄÜÓëË®·´Ó¦µÃµ½BÓëC£¬ÇÒBµÄÑæÉ«·´Ó¦³Ê»ÆÉ«£¬¿ÉÍÆÖªAΪNa¡¢BΪNaOH¡¢CΪH2£¬¹ÊFΪN2£¬CÓëÂÈÆø·´Ó¦Éú³ÉEΪHCl£¬µ¥ÖÊD¼ÈÄÜÓëB£¨NaOH£©ÓÖÄÜÓëE£¨HCl£©·´Ó¦Éú³ÉC£¨ÇâÆø£©£¬¹ÊDΪAl£¬HΪNaAlO2£¬IΪAlCl3£¬ÓÉ·´Ó¦¢Ý¿ÉÖªJΪAl£¨OH£©3£¬¼´ÄÜÈÜÒºÑÎËᣬÓÖÄÜÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦µÃµ½Æ«ÂÁËáÄÆ£¬¾Ý´Ë½â´ð£®
½â´ð ½â£º×ª»¯¹ØϵÖи÷ÎïÖʾùΪ¶ÌÖÜÆÚÖ÷×åÔªËØ×é³ÉµÄµ¥ÖÊ»ò»¯ºÏÎ³£ÎÂÏÂÆøÌåG¿ÉÒÔʹʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶£¬ÔòGΪNH3£¬·´Ó¦¢ÜÊǹ¤ÒµÖÆ»¯·ÊµÄÖØÒª·´Ó¦Ö®Ò»£¬ÊǺϳɰ±£¬C¡¢F·Ö±ðΪN2¡¢H2ÖеÄÒ»ÖÖ£¬µ¥ÖÊAÄÜÓëË®·´Ó¦µÃµ½BÓëC£¬ÇÒBµÄÑæÉ«·´Ó¦³Ê»ÆÉ«£¬¿ÉÍÆÖªAΪNa¡¢BΪNaOH¡¢CΪH2£¬¹ÊFΪN2£¬CÓëÂÈÆø·´Ó¦Éú³ÉEΪHCl£¬µ¥ÖÊD¼ÈÄÜÓëB£¨NaOH£©ÓÖÄÜÓëE£¨HCl£©·´Ó¦Éú³ÉC£¨ÇâÆø£©£¬¹ÊDΪAl£¬HΪNaAlO2£¬IΪAlCl3£¬ÓÉ·´Ó¦¢Ý¿ÉÖªJΪAl£¨OH£©3£¬¼´ÄÜÈÜÒºÑÎËᣬÓÖÄÜÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦µÃµ½Æ«ÂÁËáÄÆ£®
£¨1£©ÓÉÉÏÊö·ÖÎö¿ÉÖª£¬FµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½Îª£ºN2£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºN2£»
£¨2£©BΪNaOH£¬ÓÉÄÆÀë×ÓÓëÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×Ó¹¹³É£¬Æäµç×ÓʽΪ£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£»
£¨3£©·´Ó¦¢ÙµÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º2Na+2H2O=2NaOH+H2¡ü£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º2Na+2H2O=2NaOH+H2¡ü£»
£¨4£©·´Ó¦¢ÚµÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ£º2Al+2OH-+2H2O¨T2AlO2-+3H2¡ü£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º2Al+2OH-+2H2O¨T2AlO2-+3H2¡ü£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÎÞ»úÎïÍƶϣ¬¡°ÎïÖʵÄ״̬¡¢Æø̬GʹʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶¡±µÈÊÇÍƶÏÍ»ÆÆ¿Ú£¬ÔÙ½áºÏת»¯¹ØϵÖеÄÌØÊâ·´Ó¦½øÐÐÍƶϣ¬ÐèҪѧÉúÊìÁ·ÕÆÎÕÔªËØ»¯ºÏÎï֪ʶ£¬ÄѶÈÖеȣ®
A£® | ±ûÈý´¼ºÍËÄÂÈ»¯Ì¼ | B£® | äåÒÒÍéºÍÒÒ´¼ | ||
C£® | Ïõ»ù±½ºÍË® | D£® | ±½ºÍäå±½ |
A£® | 0.1mol/LNaHCO3ÈÜÒºÓë0.1mol/LNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨CO32-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨HCO3-£© | |
B£® | 20mL0.1mol/LCH3COONaÈÜÒºÓë10mL0.1mol/LHClÈÜÒº»ìºÏºó³ÊËáÐÔ£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨CH3COO-£©£¾c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨CH3COOH£©£¾c£¨H+£© | |
C£® | ÊÒÎÂÏ£¬pH=2µÄÑÎËáÓëpH=12µÄ°±Ë®µÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨Cl-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨NH4+£©£¾c£¨OH-£© | |
D£® | 0.1mol/LCH3COOHÈÜÒºÓë0.1mol/LNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©+c£¨CH3COOH£© |