【题目】阅读下面的文字,完成后面的题目。

志摩纪念

周作人

面前书桌上放着九册新旧的书,这都是志摩的创作,有诗,文,小说,戏剧。志摩死了,现在面对遗书,就只感到古人的人琴俱亡这一句话,别的没有什么可说。志摩死了,这样精妙的文章再也没有人能做了,但是,这几册书遗留在世间,志摩在文学上的功绩也仍长久存在。中国新诗已有十五六年的历史,可是大家都不大努力,更缺少锲而不舍地继续努力的人,在这中间志摩要算是唯一的忠实同志,他前后苦心地创办诗刊,助成新诗的生长,这个劳绩是很可纪念的,他自己又孜孜矻矻地从事于创作,自《志摩的诗》以至《猛虎集》,进步很是显然,便是像我这样外行也觉得这是显然。散文方面志摩的成就也并不小,据我个人的愚见,志摩可以与冰心女士归在一派,仿佛是鸭儿梨的样子,流丽清脆,在白话的基础上加入古文、方言、欧化种种成分,使引车卖浆之徒的话进而为一种富有表现力的文章,这就是单从文体变迁上讲也是很大的贡献了。

但是,我们对于志摩之死所更觉得可惜的是人的损失。文学的损失是公的,公摊了时个人所受到的只是一份,人的损失却是私的,就是分担也总是人数不会太多而分量也就较重了。适之说,志摩这人很可爱,他有他的主张,有他的派路,或者也许有他的小毛病,但是他的态度和说话总是和蔼真率,令人觉得可亲近,凡是见过志摩几面的人,差不多都受到这种感化,引起一种好感,就是有些小毛病小缺点也好像脸上某处的一颗小黑痣,也是造成好感的一小小部分,只令人微笑点头,并没有嫌憎之感。就是有派别的作家加以攻击,我相信这所以招致如此怨恨者也只是志摩的阶级之故,而绝不是他的个人。适之又说志摩是诚实的理想主义者,这个我也同意,而且觉得志摩因此更是可尊了。这个年头儿,别的什么都有,只是诚实却早已找不到,知识阶级的人挑着一副担子,前面是一筐子马克思,后面是一口袋尼采,也是数见不鲜的事,在这时候有一两个人能够诚实不欺地在言行上表现出来,无论这是哪一种主张,总是很值得我们的尊重的了。关于志摩的私德,适之有代为辩明的地方,我觉得这并不成什么问题。为爱惜私人名誉起见,辩明也可以说是朋友的义务。

志摩死后已是二十几天了,我早想写小文纪念他,可是这从哪里去着笔呢?我相信写得出的文章大抵都是可有可无的。文章的理想境界我想应该是禅,是个不立文字,以心传心的境界,有如世尊拈花,迦叶微笑,或者一声“且道”,如棒敲头,夯地一下顿然明了,才是正理,此外都不是路。我只能写可有可无的文章,而纪念亡友又不是可以用这种文章来敷衍的,而纪念刊的收稿期限又迫切了,不得已还得写,结果还只能写出一篇可有可无的文章,这使我不得不重又叹息。这篇小文的次序和内容差不多是套适之在追悼会所发表的演辞的,不过我的话说得很是素朴粗笨,想起志摩平素是爱说老实话的,那么我这种老实的说法或者是志摩的最好纪念亦未可知,至于别的一无足取也就没有什么关系了。

民国二十年十二月十三日,于北平。

(选自《看云集》,有删改)

1对这篇文章的赏析,最恰当的两项是

A徐志摩的散文风格流丽清脆,他在白话的基础上加入了古文、方言、欧化种种成分,使白话文的语言更富有表现力。

B在中国新诗发展的最初十五六年,努力于新诗创作的徐志摩,可以说对新诗的发展做出的贡献最大。

C由于当时人们对徐的人品有所怨恨,所以作者对徐的人品不是避而不谈,而是大写特写,以正视听,让人们对徐的为人有一个正确的认识。

D徐志摩的离去,在感情上给作者很大的打击,作为老朋友的周作人,很长时间不能从悲痛中走出来,所以拖了很长时间,才写了这篇纪念文章。

E这篇文章的结构安排令人称道。比如第二段一个“但是”,便由上段写徐志摩在文学上的贡献,自然而然地转到了写徐的为人,层次清晰,结构严谨。

2徐志摩是不是一个没有缺点的完人?作者为何说他这人很可爱?

3解释下面的句子在文中的含意。

(1)就是有派别的作家加以攻击,我相信这所以招致如此怨恨者也只是志摩的阶级之故,而绝不是他的个人。

(2)知识阶级的人挑着一副担子,前面是一筐子马克思,后面是一口袋尼采,也是数见不鲜的事。

4根据原文内容,回答下列问题。

(1)简述徐志摩在文学方面的贡献。

(2)作者是怎样刻画徐志摩这一形象的?

【题目】

When difficult people express themselves orally, they generally want at least two things: theyve been heard and theyve been understood. As a good communicator should be a good listener, five steps are advocated toward good listening.

The first step is cooperating( ).How does a difficult person know that youre listening and understanding? In fact, its through the way you look and sound while he is talking. You may help him to fully express his thoughts and feelings. You do this by nodding your head in agreement, making certain sounds of understanding.

When the person begins to repeat whats been said, its a signal of step two: turning back. It means that you repeat some words he is using, sending a clear signal that youre listening carefully and that you think what he is saying is important.

Having heard what he has to say, the next step is clarifying. At this point, you start to gather information about what is being communicated. Ask same open-ended questions, which will allow you to figure out what intention he is hoping to satisfy.

The fourth step is to summarize(概括)what youve heard. This allows you to make sure that both you and the difficult person the same page. When you do this, two things happen. First, if youve misses something, he can fill in the details(细 节).Second you ve shown that you re making an effort to understand completely. This increases possibility of gaining cooperation from him.

Having listened carefully, youve now arrived at the point of confirming with the person that he feels satisfied that this thoughts have been fully voiced. Ask if he feels understood.

Then enough sincere listening, questioning, and remembering are brought together, understanding is usually achieved and a difficult person becomes less difficult and more cooperative.

根据短文内容完成下列表格。

Topic

【1】 to understand

Reason

Difficult people hope they have been heard and【2】

when they express themselves.

【3】 on listening

【4】 in agreement and make some sounds of understanding while a difficult person is speaking.

Repeat some【5】 that you have heard.

Collect information about the person s expressions and find his【6】 .

Give a【7】 of what the person has said.

Confirm that the person gains【8】 from speaking his thoughts.

Result

A difficult person will be【9】 to cooperate with if understanding is achieved.

Comment

You may unlock the doors to difficult people s【10】 after you listen and understand.

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