题目内容

【题目】对下列各句所用说明方法解说不当的一项是

A地球的表面就是宇宙汪洋之滨。我们现有的知识大部分是从地球上获得的。(打比方)

B一束光每秒钟传播18.6万英里,约30万公里,也就是7倍于地球的周长。(列数字)

C其中的一个星系是M31,从地球上看,这个星系位于仙女星座。跟其他旋涡星系一样,它是一个由恒星、气体和尘埃组成的巨大火轮。(下定义)

D有些星球虽然像肥皂泡一样脆弱,却又大得可以容得下1万个太阳或1万亿个地球;有些小如一座城池,但密度却比铅大100万亿倍。(作比较)

【答案】C

【解析】C项,本句是说明方法是作诠释和打比方。

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【题目】阅读下面的文言文,回答下列各

始皇既没,余威震于殊俗。然陈涉瓮牖绳枢之子,氓隶之人,而迁徙之徒也;才能不及中人,非有仲尼、墨翟之贤,陶朱、猗顿之富;蹑足行伍之间,而倔起阡陌之中,率疲弊之卒,将数百之众,转而攻秦;斩木为兵,揭竿为旗,天下云集响应,赢粮而景从。山东豪俊并起而亡秦族矣。

且夫天下非小弱也,雍州之地,崤函之固,自若也。陈涉之位,非尊于齐、楚、燕、赵、韩、魏、宋、卫、中山乏君也;锄耰棘矜,非铦于钩戟长铩也;谪戍之众,非抗于九国之师也;深谋远虑,行军用兵之道,非及向时之士也。然而成败异变,功业相反,何也?试使山东之国与陈涉度长絜大,比权量力,则不可同年而语矣。然秦以区区之地,致万乘之势,序八州而朝同列,百有余年矣;然后以六合为家,崤函为宫;一夫作难而七庙隳,身死人手,为天下笑者,何也?仁义不施而攻守之势异也。

【1】对下列各句中加点的词的解释,不正确的—项是

A.景从 赢:担负

B.锄棘矜,非于钩戟长铩也 :锋利

C.余威震 殊:

D.八州而朝同列 序:排列座次

【2】下列加点词语的意义和用法相同的项是

A.锄耰棘矜,非铦钩戟长铩也 是余有叹焉

B.然秦区区之地 先国家之急而后私仇也

C.然后以六合家,崤函为宫 吾属皆且所虏

D.非及向时士也 仁义不施而攻守势异也

【3】下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析,不正确的一项是(

A.仁义不施而攻守之势异全文的中心,作者用以劝说当代后世统治者施行

仁义以安民

B.本段文字集中运用了对比手,通过对比论证,非常鲜明地突出了全文中心。

C.本段是在前文铺叙基础的集中议论,大量的史实使作者的论点水到渠成

D.本段文字思路清晰,层次分明。以仁义不施而攻守之势异全篇,点明主

旨。

【4】把文中画线的句子翻译成现代汉语。

(1)斩木为兵,揭竿为旗,天下云集响应,赢粮而景从。

译文:_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

(2)一夫作难而七庙隳,身死人手,为天下笑者,何也?仁义不施而攻守之势异也。

译文:_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

【题目】Finding your first job after leaving school,college or university is probably the hardest job hunting exercise youll ever face. However, there are some simple methods that can give you advantages over other first time job seekers.

First time job seekers have the hardest time in finding their first job. In the case of graduates, many universities will have dedicated placement personnel who will assist students in finding their first job. Specialist tutors are also likely to have a network of individuals in the commercial world who might occasionally take on recent graduates, so never underestimate the help that you can get from this area. It’s always worth asking your fellow students where they spent any job placement years and you can see if it’s worth approaching any of those companies. People generally like to help others, so don’t be afraid to ask for any assistance that you can get freely like this.

Similarly, if school and college leavers have an interest in a particular subject, they should talk to their teacher or lecturer in that subject and discuss career options. It could be that they could point you in the right direction by at least identifying companies that could use your particular skills.

The problem that many younger people have is that they simply don’t know what they want to do once they have finished their education. Therefore, it’s important for anyone leaving education to understand their own strengths and to determine what their particular skills are. The student job seekers shoul put a CV (履历) together based on what theyd like the employer to consider. Highlight your education, but instead of focusing on the actual qualifications and talk about the amount of learning that was involved. If you have completed any kind of work during your student work, be certain to mention it and what you gained from it.

Although a CV isn’t the only factor in helping you find your first job, it’s still a potential door-opener, so you should make it a document that is a compelling sales tool for you.

【1】 From the passage we learn that _______.

A. graduates often underestimate the help from specialist tutors

B. it is definite that first time job seekers will fail several times

C. a first time job seeker needn’t emphasize his education while looking for jobs

D. it is important for first time job seekers to learn some simple methods

【2】 While looking for their first job, graduates are advised to refer to _______.

A. specialist tutors and their parents

B. managers of different companies

C. specialist tutors and their fellow students

D. placement personnel and employers

【3】Why is it important for school and college leavers to determine their particular skills?

A. Because it can help them find a job suitable for them.

B. Because their teachers will ask them to talk about the skills.

C. Because their lecturers will give them a lecture about the skills.

D. Because most of them don’t know about their particular skills.

【4】 What do we know about a CV of first time job seekers?

A. A CV should focus on actual qualifications.

B. The amount of learning needn’t be mentioned in a CV.

C. It is necessary to mention the work they have completed at school in a CV.

D. People needn’t care about a CV because it isn’t important.

【5】 What’s the best title of the passage?

A. Overcome difficulties in finding jobs

B. Find your first job

C. Meet your first employer

D. Make a successful job interview

【题目】阅读下面的文字,完成下列题。

气候正义是环境正义在气候变化领域的具体发展和体现。2000年前后,一些非政府组织承袭环境正义运动的精神,开始对气候变化的影响进行伦理审视,气候正义便应运而生。气候正义关注的核心主要是在气候容量有限的前提下,如何界定各方的权利和义务,主要表现为一种社会正义或法律正义。

从空间维度来看,气候正义涉及不同国家和地区之间公平享有气候容量的问题,也涉及一国内部不同区域之间公平享有气候容量的问题,因而存在气候变化的国际公平和国内公平问题。公平原则应以满足人的基本需求作为首要目标,每个人都有义务将自己的碳足迹控制在合理范围之内。比如说,鉴于全球排放空间有限,而发达国家已实现工业化,在分配排放空间时,就应首先满足发展中国家在衣食住行和公共基础设施建设等方面的基本发展需求,同时遇到在满足基本需求之上的奢侈排放。

从时间维度上来看,气候正义涉及当代人与后代之间公平享有气候容量的问题,因而存在代际权利义务关系问题。这一权利义务关系,从消极方面看,体现为当代人如何约束自己的行为来保护地球气候系统,以将同等质量的气候系统交给后代;从积极方面看,体现为当代人为自己及后代设定义务,就代际公平而言,地球上的自然资源在代际分配问题上应实现代际共享,避免生态赤字。因为,地球这个行星上的自然资源包括气候资源,是人类所有成员,包括上一代、这一代和下一代,共同享有和掌管的。我们这一代既是受益人,有权使用并受益于地球,又是受托人,为下一代掌管地球。我们作为地球的受托管理人,对子孙后代负有道德义务。实际上气候变化公约或协定把长期目标设定为保护气候系统免受人为原因引起的温室气体排放导致的干扰,其目的正是为了保护地球气候系统,这是符合后代利益的。至少从我们当代人已有的科学认识来看,气候正义的本质是为了保护后代的利益,而非为其设定义务。

总之,气候正义既有空间的维度,也有时间的维度,既涉及国际公平和国内公平,也涉及代际公平和代内公平。因此,气候正义的内涵是:所有国家、地区和个人都有平等使用、享受气候容量的权利,也应公平地分担稳定气候系统的义务和成本。

(摘编自明德《中国参与国际气候治理的法律立场和策略:以气候正义为视角》)

【1】下列关于原文内容的理解和分析,正确的一项是

A.为了应对气候变化,非政府组织承袭环境正义运动的精神,提出了气候正义。

B.与气候变化有关的国际公平和国内公平问题,实际上就是限制排放的问题。

C.气候正义中的义务问题,是指我们对后代负有义务,而且要为后代设定义务。

D.已有的科学认识和对利益分配的认识都会影响我们对气候正义内涵的理解。

2下列对原文论证的相关分析,不正确的一项是

A.文章从两个维度审视气候正义,并较为深入地阐述了后一维度的两个方面。

B.文章以气候容量有限为立论前提,并由此指向了气候方面的社会正义问题。

C.文章在论证中以大量篇幅阐述代际公平,彰显了立足未来的气候正义立场。

D.对于气候正义,文章先交代背景,接着逐层分析,最后梳理出了它的内涵。

3根据原文内容,下列说法不正确的一项是

A.如果气候容量无限,就不必对气候变化进行伦理审视、讨论气候的正义问题。

B.如果气候变化公约或协定的长期目标能落实,那么后代需求就可以得到保证。

C.只有每个人都控制碳足迹,从而实现了代际共享,才能避免生态赤字

D.气候容量的公平享有是很复杂的问题,气候正义只是理解该问题的一种视角。

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