题目内容

【题目】(环境保护)阅读图文材料,回答问题。

在腾格里沙漠的边缘地区,发现有不少地块被不明黑色物质污染。中卫市委宣传部发布信息称,当地一家已经生产20多年的造纸厂就是污染的“罪魁祸首”,而污染区域的污染物,也被确认为是多年前排放并遗留下的造纸黑液。

说明造纸厂私自填埋的造纸黑液对沙漠地区生态环境造成的危害,并提出解决措施。

【答案】危害:该地多砂质土壤,污水渗透快容易造成地下水污染;该地靠近黄河,造纸黑液进入黄河,污染黄河水质;破坏生态环境,污染的水源导致沙漠植被大量枯死、草场退化,生物多样性减少破坏生态平衡;沙漠地区的居民主要依靠有限的水源生活,水质被污染,致癌物质多,危害人体健康;沙漠风沙大,沙尘暴将被污染的沙尘带入高空,扩大污染面积,吸入被污染的沙尘,将会引发人体气管以及肺部等疾病。解决措施:清挖固体废弃物及污染土壤,改善污染土壤,恢复生态环境;严惩环境污染违法行为;加强升级造纸黑液清污技术。

【解析】

本选考题考查的是废弃物污染造成的危害,针对其危害该采取什么措施来修复受损生态。难度适中。

造纸黑液中含有大量的悬浮性固体、有机污染物和有毒物质,直接排放到水体中会造成严重的污染。其主要危害有:含有大量纤维、色素和无机盐的造纸废水会使水体变黑,并有特殊的恶臭味,腾格里沙漠的边缘地区多砂质土壤,污水渗透快,容易造成地下水受到污染;腾格里沙漠的边缘地区靠近黄河,造纸黑液进入黄河后,会污染黄河水质,进而影响下游水质;含高浓度有机污染物的造纸黑液会大量消耗水中的溶解氧,影响水质;黑液中大量存在的碱性物质会使水体的pH值急剧升高,破坏水体环境的平衡;污染的水源导致沙漠植被大量枯死、草场退化,造成生物多样性减少,破坏当地及周边地区生态平衡。环保部门要做的工作是查清楚污染物的化学成分、污染的范围、污染的程度、清理污染物、最好变废为宝。可以提取受污染的土壤和水体样品,将污染物送研究所进行化学成分的分析和确认,以便有针对性的采取补救措施;可以调查受污染地下水和土壤的范围和面积;可以清理出这些污染物,进行集中处理;可以回收的废弃物循环再利用。加强监测、监督,严惩环境污染违法行为,加强升级造纸黑液清污技术。

练习册系列答案
相关题目

【题目】阅读理解

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

India has many festivals, with some celebrations that last for weeks. However, none of them come even close to Holi, India's most colorful and fun festival. Celebrated on the day following the full moon, this year's festival happens to be on March 19th.

As with most Indian festivals, this one also has many different folk stories. Most of them center around the success of good over evil. The most popular one is about a king, who hates his son Prahlada for loving the creator of the Universe-Lord Vishnu. When every attempt to stop him fails, his sister, Holika believed to be immune (免疫的) to fire, joins in the effort by inviting the young boy to sit with her inside a huge fire. Helped by the power of Lord Vishnu, Prahlada escapes safely, while the evil Holika is burned to death. To remember this event, huge outdoor fires are lit in the night before Holi in order to clean the air of evil spirits and to celebrate the death of the evil.

So what's so great about this day? While there are some fun parades (游行) and folk songs and dance performances, the most fun of all is walking to the streets and splashing (泼洒) people with water guns and dry colors and even covering them with entire buckets of colored water. On this day, everybody is fair game, no matter how old or how young.

At about midday, the splashing comes to an end and people living close to oceans or rivers usually take a bath in the water to clean themselves before going home to a delicious homemade big dinner and a welldeserved short sleep, following this full day of fun and activities.

【1】Why does the king dislike his son Prahlada?

A.Because Prahlada doesn't love him.

B.Because Prahlada is rude to Holika.

C.Because Prahlada loves Lord Vishnu.

D.Because Prahlada concentrates on his own success.

【2】Prahlada gets out of danger ________.

A.with the help of Lord Vishnu

B.because of his good luck

C.by beating his aunt Holika

D.using his amazing talent

【3】The underlined phrasefair gamein Paragraph 3 refers to a person who ________.

A.fights against others fairly

B.enjoys splashing people

C.plays a trick on others

D.is the aim of splashing water

【4】After the fun activities, people living close to oceans or rivers often take a bath because ________.

A.they have got dirty with dry colors and colored water

B.going home with colored water means bad luck

C.they believe clean water will bring good luck

D.taking a bath shows their true love for Lord Vishnu

违法和不良信息举报电话:027-86699610 举报邮箱:58377363@163.com

精英家教网