题目内容

【题目】(10分)环境保护

湿地指天然或人工形成的沼泽地等带有静止或流动水体的成片浅水区,还包括在低潮时水深不超过6米的水域。湿地与森林、海洋并称全球三大生态系统,在世界各地分布广泛。它在全球生态平衡中扮演着极其重要的角色,有着地球之肾的美名。它也是世界上生产力最高的环境之一,它是生物多样性摇篮。但由于近年来人类的不合理利用导致湿地生态系统出现了严重的危机,因此迫切需要对湿地进行保护、恢厦和重建。

说明湿地变化对环境的不利影响,并提出保护湿地的建议。(10分)

【答案】不利影响:涵养水源能力减弱;小气候变差;植被覆盖率下降;土壤侵蚀加剧;生态平衡破坏;生物栖息地减少;生物种类(数量)减少。(任答四点得4分)

保护措施:建立自然保护区;健全法律法规;法制污染;提高公众保护意识等。(任答三点得6分)

【解析】

试题分析:

湿地具有强大的物质生产功能,蕴藏着丰富的动植物资源,湿地能防洪,改善土壤环境,净化水质,防止污染,调节生态平衡,湿地能蓄水,调节气候和降水,利于水循环,湿地有利于保护生物的多样性。遭破坏后:,生物多样性锐减,水土流失,土壤沙化严重;湿地气候遭到破坏,空气湿度减少,净化空气的能力减低,导致空气污染;蓄水能力降低,不利于防洪和抗旱;生产功能衰退,动植物的生态效益降低。

保护湿地的措施可以从加强湿地生物多样性的保护,建立自然保护区;开展水资源的保护和管理、加强湿地生态治理和污染控制;开展湿地调查、科学研究与宣传教育,提高公众保护意识等;实施了平垸行洪、退田还湖的湿地生态恢复新举措

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【题目】 请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意:每个空格只填1个单词。

The back-to-school season is upon us, and once again, parents across the country have loaded their kids’ backpacks up with snack packs and school supplies. It’s a good moment to reflect on what else we should be giving our kids as they head off to school.

American parents are feeling particularly anxious about that question this year. The educational process feels more than ever like a race, one that starts in pre-school and doesn’t end until your child is admitted to the perfect college. Most parents are more worried than they need to be about their children’s grades, test scores and IQ. And what we don’t think about enough is how to help our children build their character—how to help them develop skills like perseverance, optimism, responsibility, and self-control, which together do more to determine success than S.A.T. scores or I.Q.

There is growing evidence that our anxiety about our children’s school performance may actually be holding them back from learning some of these valuable skills. If you’re concerned only with a child’s G.P.A., then you will likely choose to minimize the challenges the child faces in school. With real challenge comes the risk of real failure. And in a competitive academic environment, the idea of failure can be very scary, to students and parents alike.

But experiencing failure is a critical part of building character. Recent research by a team of psychologists found that adults who had experienced little or no failure growing up were actually less happy and confident than those who had experienced a few significant setbacks in childhood. “Overcoming those obstacles,” the researchers assumed, “could teach effective coping skills, help engage social support networks, create a sense of mastery over past adversity, and foster beliefs in the ability to cope successfully in the future.”

By contrast, when we protect our children from every possible failure—when we call their teachers to get an extension on a paper; when we urge them to choose only those subjects they’re good at—we are denying them those same character-building experiences. As the psychologists Madeline Levine and Dan Kindlon have written, that can lead to difficulties in adolescence and young adulthood, when overprotected young people finally confront real problems on their own and don’t know how to overcome them.

In the classroom and outside of it, American parents need to encourage children to take chances, to challenge themselves, to risk failure. In the meantime, giving our kids room to fail may be one of the best ways we can help them succeed.

Back to School: Why Perseverance Is More Important than Good Grades?

Common phenomena

Parents throughout America 1】______ their kids’ backpacks up with snacks and school supplies.

Many American parents don’t 2】_______ enough importance to their kids’ character building.

The writer’s 3】_________

Parents should pay more attention to their kids’ character building.

Evidence and 4】_____ findings

Parents’ anxiety about their kids’ performance may 5】 them from learning some valuable skills.

Parents concerned only with a kid’s G.P.A. have a 6】 to minimize the challenges the child faces.

Adults who have experienced a few significant setbacks in childhood are 7】 and more confident than those who haven’t.

Denying kids character-building experiences can 8】 in difficulties in adolescence and young adulthood.

The writer’s suggestions

9】________ kids to be risk-takers.

Give kids room to experience 10】____________.

【题目】阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D) 中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

As a teacher, I often make it a rule that when we are on a field trip,there will be no talking as we enter a building. This rule to entering any place,whether it is a cinema,a church,a theatre, or any other place.

Once,in New York City,I took my class to see a(n) near Times Square. When we

arrived at the theatre,there were about twenty other classes outside waiting to get in. The students from the other schools were not and there was pandemonium(乌烟瘴气). I told my students to stay in a line and keep . I told them that we would not carry ourselves like those other . Soon we started to file into the theatre,and it was very disorganized. There was a lady trying to the groups and get them to their seats, students were everywhere and really knew where to go. My class,observing our rule,walked in in two single-file lines. We stood near the door behind everyone else,and we . All of a sudden,the lady who was noticed us and she walked our direction. She asked the students the teacher was for our group, and I raised my . She asked, “Very, very nice to meet you. Come this way. We were led into the theatre, ,and we were given front-row seats.

Sometimes for others may not seem like it is going to have an effect,especially when you no one around who is taking manners into . However,that is usually the time when such actions will be most appreciatedspan> and recognized.

1】A. leadsB. appliesC. turnsD. belongs

2】A. playB. ladyC. teacherD. exhibition

3】A. sorted outB. settled downC. turned awayD. lined up

4】A. behavingB. listeningC. concentrating D. watching

5】A. orderB. contactC. watchD. time

6】A. placesB. seatsC. classesD. teachers

7】A. scoldB. dismissC. attractD. organize

8】 A. andB. butC. soD. while

9】A. anyoneB. nobodyC. everyoneD. somebody

10】A. anxiouslyB. immediatelyC. quietlyD. hurriedly

11】 A. passedB. chattedC. rushedD. waited

12】A. in troubleB. on guardC. in chargeD. on business

13】A. inB. toC. forD. under

14】 A. howB. whereC. whatD. whether

15】A. voiceB. armC. headD. hand

16】A. finallyB. somehowC. firstD. instead

17】A. respectB. loveC. concernD. support

18】A. receiveB. visitC. recognizeD. meet

19】A. practiceB. effectC. accountD. operation

20】A. urgentB. kindC. legalD. firm

【题目】阅读下列资料,分析回答有关问题:

资料1:据1999年10月13日《中国环境报》报道:1997年中国60岁以上的老人有1亿多人,占总人中的10%,到2040年预计将达25亿以上,占总人口的2379%,60岁以上的人口数将是20岁左右人口数的2-3倍。

资料2:据有关部门统计,1984年我国农村剩余劳动力9485万人,到1994年上升到2亿人,2000年这一数字已增长到约3亿人。据估计这些人口中到少有四分之一以上涌入了大、中城市。

1资料1反映出,近年来我国人口发展中的一个突出问题是出现了__________现象,这一问题将会对我国经济发展和社会生活产生的影响是

A产业结构将从以第一、二产业为主,转变为以第三产业为主

B青壮年劳动力在总人口中所占的比重下降

C交通拥挤,住房紧张等城市环境问题会更加突出

D国家的社会福利负担加重,造成人均GDP的明显下降

2资料2中问题产生的主要原因是

新中国成立以后我国人口始终以较高的速度持续增长

我国人口众多,人均土地资源不足的矛盾日益突出

农村经济的发展,使大批农业劳动力被从土地的束缚中解放出来

我国已完成了从农业经济为主向以工业经济为主的转变

A①② B②③ C③④ D②④

320年中我国人口流动的主要特点是____________________________________,产生这种流动最根本的原因是_____________________________________。

4简要回答我国大规模人口流动和迁移对迁入地社会经济产生的影响。

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