题目内容
【题目】阅读下列资料,分析回答有关问题:
资料1:据1999年10月13日《中国环境报》报道:1997年中国60岁以上的老人有1亿多人,占总人中的10%,到2040年预计将达2.5亿以上,占总人口的23.79%,60岁以上的人口数将是20岁左右人口数的2-3倍。
资料2:据有关部门统计,1984年我国农村剩余劳动力9485万人,到1994年上升到2亿人,2000年这一数字已增长到约3亿人。据估计这些人口中到少有四分之一以上涌入了大、中城市。
(1)资料1反映出,近年来我国人口发展中的一个突出问题是出现了__________现象,这一问题将会对我国经济发展和社会生活产生的影响是( )
A.产业结构将从以第一、二产业为主,转变为以第三产业为主
B.青壮年劳动力在总人口中所占的比重下降
C.交通拥挤,住房紧张等城市环境问题会更加突出
D.国家的社会福利负担加重,造成人均GDP的明显下降
(2)资料2中问题产生的主要原因是( )
①新中国成立以后我国人口始终以较高的速度持续增长
②我国人口众多,人均土地资源不足的矛盾日益突出
③农村经济的发展,使大批农业劳动力被从土地的束缚中解放出来
④我国已完成了从农业经济为主向以工业经济为主的转变
A.①② B.②③ C.③④ D.②④
(3)近20年中我国人口流动的主要特点是____________________________________,产生这种流动最根本的原因是_____________________________________。
(4)简要回答我国大规模人口流动和迁移对迁入地社会经济产生的影响。
【答案】(1)人口老龄化 B
(2)B
(3)从农村流向城市,从贫困落后地区流向经济发达地区
我国城乡和地区间在经济发展水平方面的巨大差别
(4)有利影响:弥补了流入区劳动力的不足;促进了人口流入地区的经济发展等
不利影响:加剧城市交通拥挤,住房紧张的状况;增加城市就业困难等
【解析】
试题分析:考查我国的人口问题。
(1)从资料1看出,我国老龄化在日趋严重,使得青壮年劳动力比重下降,将会加重社会
福利负担。
(2)资料2看出,由于我国经济快速发展,出现大量农村剩余劳动力,加之工业的发展,
导致城市化发展,使得大量剩余劳动力涌入城市。
(3)由于城乡间的经济差距,导致我国的人口流动主要是由经济落后地区流入发达地区,
由农村流入城市。
(4)人口迁移对迁入区会产生有利和不利的影响。
【题目】请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填1个单词。
Put a group of strangers in a room together, and they’ll probably start a conversation. “Hot today, isn’t it?” one might say. “You said it,” another reply.
Why do we talk so much about the weather? When we meet new people, we don’t begin by telling them our life story. We start with small talk, a polite conversation about something like traffic or weather.
Research suggests that small talk can build new friendships. When we begin conversations with new people, we want to feel comfortable, and so do they. We use small talk to find common interests. Once we have a common interest, a friendship can begin.
Small talk even helps people get a job. In order to impress at a job interview, you need to bond with the interviewer right away. Proper small talk can make that first impression get you the job.
So, how can you make small talk lead to a new friendship or job? First off, find common ground. Select something around you that you share with the other person.
Next, keep the conversation going. Compliment (赞美) the other person to make him or her feel comfortable, and ask questions to show interest.
Third, keep eye contact. When you loop people in the eye, they feel you appreciate what they are saying. It makes you appear honest and build trust.
Naturally, shy people might not have enough confidence to start up conversations with strangers. Talking to someone you don’t know is not the easiest thing to do! Some experts say with more practice, small take does get easier.
Some people avoid small talk because they dislike discussing things like traffic or weather. For them, they are just too small. However, when you think about it, small talk is anything but small. In fact, it is actually a very big deal!
Title | Small Talk: A Big1. ____【1】_____ | ||||||
Introduction | We are likely to make small talk when we【2】.______ meet people. | ||||||
【3】.______ | Small talk can help people form 【4】.________ friendships. | ||||||
Small talk can also help people get 【5】.__________. | |||||||
Advice | Find some topics【6】._______ with the other person. | ||||||
Keep the talk going by making compliments and 【7】.__________ questions. | |||||||
Keep eye contact in conversation to build【8】.________. | |||||||
【9】.________ more in order to make small talk easier. | |||||||
Conclusion | Small talk really 【10】._________ a lot to us. |
国 家 | 日本 | 巴西 | 瑞典 | 尼日利亚 | 中国 | 韩国 | 世界 |
平均年龄中位数 | 44.6 | 28.9 | 41.7 | 15.2 | 35.2 | 37.9 | 28.4 |
【1】从表中可分析得到的正确结论是( )
A.表中各国,日本是老龄化程度最高的国家
B.日本的老龄人口数量(≥65岁)比中国的多
C.中国人口平均年龄为35.2岁,属年轻型人口
D.日本的人口自然增长率比中国的高
【2】中国已经进入现代型人口增长阶段,但当前乃至今后一段时期内劳动力就业形势非常严峻。这是因为( )
A.人口性别构成不合理,女性人口远多于男性人口
B.改革开放以来,大量承接产业转移
C.平均年龄中位数较小
D.引进外资,带来外籍劳动力的大量涌入