题目内容

【题目】As far as they are __________doing the housework as well as playing football will do good to them.

A. arranged

B. referred

C. concerned

D. directed

【答案】C

【解析】句意:就他们而言,除了踢足球外,做家务对他们也是有好处的。as far as one is concerned“就某人而言,符合句意,arrange 筹备,安排 refer“谈到,查阅”;direct 导演,指示

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【题目】Americans like to travel on their yearly holiday. Today, more and more travelers in the United States are spending nights at small houses or inns instead of hotels. They get a room for the night and the break-fast the next morning.

Rooms for the night in private (私人的)homes with breakfast have been popular with travelers in Europe for many years. In the past five to ten years ,these bed - and - breakfast places have become popular in the United States. Many of these America's bed-and - breakfast inns are old historic buildings. Some bed - and - breakfast inns have only a few rooms others are much larger. Some inns do not provide telephones or televisions in the rooms others do.

Staying at a bed - and - breakfast inn is much different from staying at a hotel. Usually the cost is much less. Staying at an inn is almost like visiting someone's home. The owners are glad to tell about the areas and the interesting places to visit. Many vacationers say they enjoy the chance to meet local families.

1 Americans take a holiday trip __________.

A. all the year round

B. for years

C. every year

D. every other year

2 According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A. Some Americans like to stay at bed - and -breakfast homes instead of hotels.

B. The bed - and - breakfast inns are private homes opened to vacationers.

C. The bed - and - breakfast inns have been popular in America for a very long time.

D. The bed - and - breakfast inn owners provide a morning meal for their visitors and a room for the night.

3 Why do American travelers prefer staying at bed - and - breakfast inns?

A. It is like visiting someone's home.

B. The money they spend there is much less.

C. They can meet local families.

D. All of the above.

4 Staying at the bed - and -breakfast inns, __________.

A. the travelers needn't pay anything

B. the travelers don't have to pay for the telephone or television

C. the travelers can meet and talk with the local people

D. the owners will show the travelers around the area

5 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. European and American vacationers like staying at bed - and -breakfast inns.

B. All Americans enjoy traveling.

C. These bed -and -breakfast inns are all old historic buildings.

D. Staying at a bed -and -breakfast inn is just like at the traveler's home.

【题目】阅读下面文段,回答下列各题。

这一切特点都有一定的风格和手法,为匠师们所遵守,为人民所承认,我们可以叫它做中国建筑的文法。建筑和语言文字一样,一个民族总是创造出他们世世代代所喜爱,因而沿用的惯例,成了法式。在西方,希腊、罗马体系创造了它们的五种典范,成为它们建筑的方式。中国建筑怎样砍割并组织木材成为梁架,成为斗拱,成为一,成为个别建筑物的框架,怎样用举架的公式求得屋顶的曲面和曲线轮廓;怎样结束瓦顶;怎样求得台基、台阶、栏杆的比例;怎样切削生硬的结构部分,使同时成为柔和的、曲面的、图案型的装饰物;怎样布置并联系各种不同的个别建筑,组成庭院;这都是我们建筑上两三千年沿用并发展下来的惯例法式。无论每种具体的实物怎样千变万化,它们都遵循着那些法式。构件与构件之间,构件和它们的加工处理装饰,个别建筑物和个别建筑物之间,都有一定的处理方法和相互关系,所以我们说它是一种建筑上的文法。至如梁、柱、枋、懔、门、窗、墙、瓦、槛、阶、栏杆、隔扇、斗拱、正脊、垂脊、正吻、戗兽、正房、厢房、游廊、庭院、夹道等等。那就是我们建筑上的词汇,是构成一座或一组建筑的不可少的构件和因素。

这种文法有一定的拘束性,但同时也有极大的运用的灵活性,能有多样性的表现。也如同做文章一样,在文法的拘束性之下,仍可以有许多体裁,有多样性的创作,如文章之有诗、词、歌、赋、论著、散文、小说,等等。建筑的 文章也可因不同的命题,有 大文章小品。大文章如宫殿、庙宇等等;小品如山亭、水榭、一轩、一楼。文字上有一面横额,一副对子,纯粹作点缀装饰用的。建筑也有类似的东西,如在路的尽头的一座影壁,或横跨街中心的几座牌楼等等。它们之所以都是中国建筑,具有共同的中国建筑的特性和特色,就是因为它们都用中国建筑的词汇,遵循着中国建筑的 文法所组织起来的。运用这文法的规则,为了不同的需要,可以用极不相同的 词汇构成极不相同的体形,表达极不相同的情感,解决极不相同的问题,创造极不相同的类型。

这种词汇文法到底是什么呢?归根说来,它们是从世世代代的劳动人民在长期建筑活动的实践中所累积的经验中提炼出来的,经过千百年的考验,而普遍地受到承认而遵守的规则和惯例。它是智慧的结晶,是劳动和创造成果的总结。它不是一人一时的创作,它是整个民族和地方的物质和精神条件下的产物。

由这文法词汇组织而成的这种建筑形式,既经广大人民所接受, 为他们所承认、所喜爱,虽然原先是从木材结构产生的,但它们很快地就越过材料的限制,同样运用到砖石建筑上去,以表现那些建筑物的性质,表达所要表达的情感。这说明为什么在中国无数的建筑上都常常应用原来用在木材结构上的词汇文法

【1】中国建筑的文法指的是什么?为了说明这种文法作者列举了那些事例?请举例说明。

【2】中国建筑的“文法”具有怎样的特点?作者在说明这一问题时用了什么修辞手法?请简要分析。

【3】文章中说的建筑词汇指的是什么?

【4】结合原文回答:为什么在中国无数的建筑上都常常应用原来用在木材结构上的“词汇”和“文法”?

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