题目内容

【题目】李密传

李密,字令伯,犍为武阳人也,一名虔。父早亡,母何氏醮。密时年数岁,感恋弥至,烝烝之性,遂以成疾。祖母刘氏,躬自抚养,密奉事以孝谨闻。刘氏有痰,则涕泣侧息,未尝解衣,饮膳汤药必先尝后进。有暇则讲学忘疲,而师事谯周,周门人方之游夏

少仕蜀,为郎。数使吴,有才辩,吴人称之。蜀平泰始初诏征为太子洗马密以祖母年高无人奉养遂不应命乃上《陈情表》 帝览之曰:士之有名,不虚然哉!乃停召。后刘终,服阕,复以洗马征至洛。司空张华问之曰:安乐公何如?密曰:可次齐桓。华问其故,对曰:齐桓得管仲而霸,用竖刁而虫流。安乐公得诸葛亮而抗魏,任黄皓而丧国,是知成败一也。次问:孔明言教何碎?密曰:昔舜、禹、皋陶相与语,故得简雅;《大诰》与凡人言,宜碎。孔明与言者无己敌,言教是以碎耳。华善之。

出为温令,而憎疾从事,尝与人书曰:庆父不死,鲁难未已。从事白其书司隶,司隶以密在县清慎,弗之劾也。密有才能,常塑内转,而朝廷无援,乃迁汉中太守,自以失分怀怨。及赐饯东堂,诏密令赋诗,末章曰:人亦有言,有因有缘。官无中人,不如归田。明明在上,斯语岂然!武帝忿之,于是都官从事奏免密官。后卒于家。

(选自《晋书·李密传》)

【注】醮:再婚。游夏:即孔子的学生子游、子夏,两人都有非凡的才能。

1对下列句子中加点词语的解释,不正确的一项是(

A密奉以孝谨闻 事:事情。

B使吴,有才辩 数:屡次。

C以洗马征至洛 复:再次。

D从事其书司隶 白:禀告。

2对文中画波浪线的断句正确的一项是(

A蜀平泰/始初诏征/为太子洗马/密以祖母/年高无人/奉养遂不应/命乃上《陈情表》

B蜀平/泰始初诏/征为太子洗马/密以祖母年高/无人奉养/遂不应/命乃上《陈情表》

C蜀平/泰始初/诏征为太子洗马/密以祖母年高/无人奉养/遂不应命/乃上《陈情表》

D蜀平/泰始初诏征/为太子洗马/密以祖母/年高无人奉养/遂不应命/乃上《陈情表》

3下列对文章内容的理解和分析,不恰当的一项是(

A李密几岁大的时候就成了孤儿,是祖母刘氏把他抚养成人,他曾拜谯周为师,周的门人把他比作子游和子夏。

B李密因为孝敬祖母而闻名,也因祖母年老,无人奉养,上疏《陈情表》辞不就职;皇帝看后,停止征召他为太子洗马。

C李密在祖母去世后,服孝期满,被迫到晋朝廷任洗马的官职,实现先尽孝,后尽忠忠孝两全的夙愿。

D李密做温县县令时,讨厌下属官吏,因给人写信说庆父不死,鲁难未已而被上告,司吏因为他在温县做官清廉谨慎,没有弹劾他。

4把文中画横线的语句翻译成现代汉语。

1)有暇则讲学忘疲,而师事谯周,周门人方之游夏。

2)从事白其书司隶,司隶以密在县清慎,弗之劾也。

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】D

【4】(1)有空闲的时间就讲学,忘记了疲劳,并且拜谯周为师,谯周的学生把他比成子游子夏一样的人才。

2)他的下属把信的内容禀告了司隶,司隶因为李密在县的名声清廉谨慎,没有弹劾他。

【解析】

【1】此处有俸事(祖母)之意。

【2】考查对闻言断句的把握。

蜀平,泰始初,诏征为太子洗马,密以祖母年高,无人奉养,遂不应命,乃上《陈情表》。

【3】因给人写信说庆父不死,鲁难未已而被上告,说法有误。文中是他的下属把信的内容禀告了司隶。

【4】考查对文言句子的翻译。

(1) 得分点:”“”

(2) 得分点:”“清慎”“

参考译文:

李密,字令伯,犍为武阳人(今四川省彭山县)。他的一个名字叫虔。父亲很早就去世了,母亲何氏再嫁。当时李密只有几岁,他恋母情深,性情淳厚,思念成疾。祖母刘氏亲自抚养他。李密侍奉祖母以孝顺和恭敬闻名当时。祖母刘氏一有病,他就哭泣,侍候祖母身旁,夜里未曾脱衣。为祖母端饭菜、端汤药,他总要尝过后才让祖母用。有空闲的时候就讲学忘记疲劳,并且像对待老师一样侍奉拜谯周,被谯周的学生把他和子游和子夏并列(认为是很有才华的人)。

他年少时在蜀汉做郎官。多次出使吴国,颇有辩才。吴人称赞他。蜀汉平定后,泰始初年,晋武帝委任他为太子洗马。他因为祖母年高,无人奉养,没有接受官职,并呈上《陈情表》。皇帝看了以后说:(这个)读书人高雅的名声,不是图有虚名啊。于是就停止征召(他)。后来(他的祖母)刘去世了,(他)服完丧,又以洗马的身份被征召到洛阳。当时(有个叫)张华的司空问他说:(你认为)安乐公这个人怎么样?李密说:可以与齐桓公相并列。张华问其中的原因,他回答说:齐桓公得到管仲(的辅助)而称霸,任用竖刁而使自己死了不得埋葬,尸虫流出户外。安乐公得到诸葛亮的帮助而能抵抗魏国,任用黄皓而亡国,从这可知成败的原因是一样的。又问孔明的规劝提醒的话为什么那么琐碎?李密说:过去舜、禹、皋陶在一起谈话,所以能够简洁高雅;《大诰》是说给普通人听的,应该具体琐碎一点。孔明和对话的人水平不相等,他的言论教导因此具体琐碎。张华认为他的道理很好。

(后来)到外地做温县的县令,很讨厌下属官吏,曾经给人写信说:庆父这种人不死,鲁国的灾难不会停止。他的下属把信的内容禀告了司隶,司隶因为李密在县城的名声清廉谨慎,没有弹劾他。李密有才能,常盼望转回朝廷做官,可是朝廷中无人作后盾,于是被调到汉中升作太守,他自己因为不如意而心怀怨恨。等到皇帝在东堂赏赐酒席,让李密作诗时,他在诗的末尾说:我这人也有心里话,说来话长。做官却朝中无人,不如回家种田。圣明的皇帝高高在上,(我的)这番话哪会正确啊!武帝对此很生气,(识相的)都官从事马上奏请罢免李密的官职。后来卒于自己家中。

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