题目内容

【题目】阅读下面的文言文,完成下列各题。

张衡字平子,南阳西鄂人也。衡少善属文,游于三辅,因入京师,观太学,遂通五经,贯六艺。虽才高于世,而无骄尚之情。常从容淡静,不好交接俗人。永元中,举孝廉不行,连辟公府不就。时天下承平日久,自王侯以下莫不逾侈。衡乃拟班固《两都》作《二京赋》,因以讽谏。精思傅会,十年乃成。大将军邓骘奇其才,累召不应。

衡善机巧,尤致思于天文阴阳历算。安帝雅闻衡善术学,公车特征拜郎中,再迁为太史令。遂乃研核阴阳,妙尽璇机之正,作浑天仪,著《灵宪》《算罔论》,言甚详明。

顺帝初,再转复为太史令。衡不慕当世,所居之官辄积年不徙。自去史职,五载复还。

阳嘉元年,复造候风地动仪。以精铜铸成,员径八尺,合盖隆起,形似酒尊,饰以篆文山龟鸟兽之形。中有都柱,傍行八道,施关发机。外有八龙,首衔铜丸,下有蟾蜍,张口承之。其牙机巧制,皆隐在尊中,覆盖周密无际。如有地动,尊则振龙,机发吐丸,而蟾蜍衔之。振声激扬,伺者因此觉知。虽一龙发机,而七首不动,寻其方面,乃知震之所在。验之以事,合契若神。自书典所记,未之有也。尝一龙机发而地不觉动,京师学者咸怪其无征。后数日驿至,果地震陇西,于是皆服其妙。自此以后,乃令史官记地动所从方起。

……

永和初,出为河间相。时国王骄奢,不遵典宪;又多豪右,共为不轨。衡下车,治威严,整法度,知奸党名姓,一时收禽,上下肃然,称为政理。视事三年,上书乞骸骨,征拜尚书。年六十二,永和四年卒。

1下列语句中加点字的解释不正确的一项是( )

A.时天下平日久 承:连续

B.所居之官积年不徙 辄:总是

C.傍行八道,施关 发:打开

D.知奸党名姓,一时收禽 阴:暗地里

2下列各组句子中,加点词语的意义和用法相同的一组是( )

A

B

C

D

3下列对文意的理解, 不正确的一项是( )

A.传记先叙其才,“少善属文”说明他具有先天的禀赋,而“游于三辅,因入京师,观太学”说明他注重社会实践。“通五经,贯六艺”是其才能的集中体现。

B.在叙其才后紧接着叙其德。“从容淡静,不好交接俗人”,具有谦虚稳重、超尘脱俗的品格,“不行”“不就”“不应”表现他不慕荣利的德行。

C.介绍地动仪虽不足二百字,但详尽记述制造时间、质地、大小、形状、内外结构、装饰、功用等,这段文字生动形象,文采斐然。

D.“阴知奸党名姓”表现其政治智慧,“上下肃然,称为政理”表现其卓然的政绩,寥寥几笔却写出了一位真实可感的廉吏形象。

4把文中画横线的语句翻译成现代汉语。

(1)永元中,举孝廉不行,连辟公府不就。

(2)验之以事,合契若神。自书典所记,未之有也。

【答案】

【1】C

【2】C

【3】C

【4】(1)永元年间,被推荐为孝廉,没有去应荐;三公官署屡次召请他去任职,他也不去应召。

(2)用实际发生的地震来检验仪器,彼此完全相符,真是灵验如神。从古籍的记载中,还看不到这样的仪器。

【解析】

【1】C项,“发”应为“拨动”。

【2】结构助词,的。A项,连词,表转折,却/连词,表承接。B项,副词,才/副词,就。D项,动词,担任/动词,做。

【3】C项,“文字生动形象,文采斐然”说法错误,应为“精简平实”。

【4】这两个语句各有特点。第(1)句是无标志被动句,第(2)句前句是介词结构后置句,后句是宾语前置句。翻译时要注意按照现代汉语的规范调整。

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【题目】阅读理解

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

As I was walking home, a boy seemed to be singing a song in a very low voice, walking in front of me and carrying some of the same high school books I had with me. I caught up to him, and said “Hello”. I could tell he was startled, and dropped one of his books. I picked it up and as I handed it to him, he said “Thank you” in a strange way, like with a strong accent (口音).

We soon began walking together and talking. It turns out he was in my science class, and I didn’t even know it!

His name was Ahmad, and his family had just moved here this school year. He invited me into his house, and his family treated me like a special guest, which made me feel very welcome. He said hospitality (好客) is very basic to his culture, and strangers were always treated very kindly. His mom brought out some great food, and offered me some tea. Ahmad’s father and two sisters wanted to hear all about me and my family, and my schooling.

Ahmad’s whole family had to leave their lifelong home because war had broken out, and it wasn’t safe there anymore. They left with only what they could carry. His family was happy to feel safe, and they got used to American culture quickly. They seemed pleased that Ahmad had brought a friend home to meet them.

And as my friendship with Ahmad has continued, I now realize that the world is so much bigger than I thought! I also realize that your friends don’t have to be just like you. Differences make the world go round.

【1】What does the underlined word “startled” in Paragraph 1 mean?

A. Excited. B. Moved. C. Surprised. D. Interested.

【2】Why was the writer treated like a special guest by Ahmad’s family?

A. They liked strangers who came to their home for help.

B. They wanted to know more information about the writer.

C. Strangers were always treated very kindly in their culture.

D. The writer was an American and knew much about their culture.

【3】Where does the writer probably come from?

A. Canada. B. America. C. China. D. Australia.

【4】What can we learn from the passage?

A. People from different countries can be good friends.

B. Friends need different cultures and different accents.

C. Your friends should have a lot of things the same with you.

D. You can’t make friends with people from other countries.

【题目】阅读理解。

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项 (A 、B 、C D )中,选出最佳选项。

Summer Science Class registration begins on March 8! If you are interested in science,the environment,or conservation and you are in grades 7-12,sign up soon for Black Rock Forest Consortium's Summer Science Class program. You can download the Summer Science Classes 2013 brochure here. It is easy to register;just call 8455344517 or click here.

Twelve weeklong courses in the natural sciences and the arts are offered at Black Rock Forest in Cornwall from July 15 through August 9.Two more classes are offered with site partners,including “The Art of Scientific Observation,” hosted jointly by Black Rock Forest Consortium and Storm King Art Center,one of the world's leading sculpture parks,and “A Nautical Expedition” hosted jointly by the Consortium and the Constitution Marsh Audubon Center.

We are delighted to announce two special “away” classes that are part of the Summer Science Class program this year: an “Adirondack EcoAdventure” beginning August 11,and “Conservation Biology in Florida,” beginning June 23 and featuring field work on the Gulf Coast in cooperation with the University of Florida's Seahorse Key Marine Biological Laboratory. For more information on the Summer Science Class program,please read our press release.

Black Rock Forest Consortium is a nonprofit organization founded in 1989 to advance scientific understanding of the natural world through research,education and conservation programs.

【1】If you want to be a member of Summer Science Class,you should ________.

A.visit Black Rock Forest first

B.download their brochure

C.cal a phone 8455344517

D.register before March 8

【2】Summer Science Class's courses are________.

A.only about science subjects

B.cooperated by several organizations

C.from July 15 through August 9

D.hosted by the world's leading professors

【3】Where can you find the article?

A.From a web site.

B.From a traveling brochure.

C.From a novel book.

D.From one famous magazine.

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