题目内容
What makes us who we are? This question has two different answers. One is the environment that surrounds us when we grow up, and the other is our genes (基因). In English, this is called the “nature vs nurture debate(辩论)”. Nature means genes, and nurture means environment, including the people around you.
There is a famous saying: “Give me a child until the age of 7 and I’ll show you the man.” Now, there is a scientific research to support this famous saying.
They watched small birds in new environments, and wrote down how much they explored(探索). Birds that grew up with very outgoing birds were more outgoing themselves. Scientists at the universities of Exeter, UK and Hamburg, Germany did studies on birds. They found that their personalities（个性） were affected most by the birds around them when they grew up – more so than genes.
Nick Royle from the University of Exeter in the UK said the research was surprising because it shows that “for these birds, personality is mainly determined（决定） by environment.” However, human personalities are a lot more complicated than birds, so there is much we still don’t know. The nature vs nurture debate will continue for a long time, if not forever.
小题1:The famous saying in the passage tells us _________.
A.A 7-year-old boy can do things as well as an adult.
B.An adult can be influenced and changed by a 7-year-old boy.
C.The environment in the early part of our life has the biggest influence on our adult life.
小题2:Nick Royle is a(n) ______ scientist.
A. American B. British C. German
小题3:What do the scientists think of the research?
A. Outgoing. B. Exciting. C. Surprising.
小题4:What does the underlined word “complicated” mean?
A. 有趣的 B. 类似的 C. 复杂的
小题5:Which is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. The environment and genes affect our personality.
B. The scientists are sure that the environment influences the human personality more than the genes do.
C. The nurture means the environment .
There is a famous saying: “Give me a child until the age of 7 and I’ll show you the man.” Now, there is a scientific research to support this famous saying.
They watched small birds in new environments, and wrote down how much they explored(探索). Birds that grew up with very outgoing birds were more outgoing themselves. Scientists at the universities of Exeter, UK and Hamburg, Germany did studies on birds. They found that their personalities（个性） were affected most by the birds around them when they grew up – more so than genes.
Nick Royle from the University of Exeter in the UK said the research was surprising because it shows that “for these birds, personality is mainly determined（决定） by environment.” However, human personalities are a lot more complicated than birds, so there is much we still don’t know. The nature vs nurture debate will continue for a long time, if not forever.
小题1:The famous saying in the passage tells us _________.
A.A 7-year-old boy can do things as well as an adult.
B.An adult can be influenced and changed by a 7-year-old boy.
C.The environment in the early part of our life has the biggest influence on our adult life.
小题2:Nick Royle is a(n) ______ scientist.
A. American B. British C. German
小题3:What do the scientists think of the research?
A. Outgoing. B. Exciting. C. Surprising.
小题4:What does the underlined word “complicated” mean?
A. 有趣的 B. 类似的 C. 复杂的
小题5:Which is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. The environment and genes affect our personality.
B. The scientists are sure that the environment influences the human personality more than the genes do.
C. The nurture means the environment .
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:C
小题5:B
试题分析：本文是通过对人的成长是基因重要还是环境重要，列出了各自的观点和专家们调查研究的结果。通过知明的科学家研究发现，有实验证明是先天的基因重要，有的实验证明是后天的环境重要，面对两种对立的说法，现在还没有一个真正的说法。
小题1:细节理解题。问题：短文中著名的谚语告诉我们什么了？分析原文：Give me a child until the age of 7 and I’ll show you the man.句意：一个孩子长到七岁就能看到他的以后（还可译成七岁看到老）。通过对全文的理解， 在我们长大后的性格形成，小时候的环境影响是最大的。 因此第三项符合。故选C
小题2:细节理解题。问题：尼克 罗伊尔是哪个国家的科学家？分析原文：Nick Royle from the University of Exeter in the UK.句意：来自英国埃克塞特大学的尼克·罗伊尔。分析：UK（United Kingdom）n. 英国.
故选 B
小题3:细节理解题。问题：科学家们如何评价这个调查结果的？分析：理解全文，对于先天因素与后的因素的研究持续了很长时间，但是在研究中科学家们总有很大的发现，因此是每一次研究都有很惊奇的结果。故选C
小题4:细节理解题。问题：划线词在短文中的意思？分析原文：human personalities are a lot more complicated than birds, so there is much we still don’t know.句意：人类的性格比鸟类的性格更复杂，所以我们现在还不知道其中真正的原因。故选C
小题5:细节理解题。问题：通过短文描述的理解，下列描述错误的是哪一项？分析原文：The nature vs nurture debate will continue for a long time, if not forever.句意：先天因素和后天因素，对人的性格影响争论将会持续很长一段时间。故选B
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Great scientists before us didn’t get everything from school. Their teachers only showed them the way. Edison didn’t even finish primary school. But they were all so successful. They invented so many things for mankind. The reason for their success is that they knew how to study. They read books that were not taught at school. They would ask many questions as they read. They did thousands of experiments. They worked hard all their lives, wasting not a single moment. Above all, they knew how to use their brain.