Question

Some students like to translate(翻译) when they practice speaking English. Translation is a very difficult exercise. During a conversation, we don’t really have time to translate what we understand. When we use translation, we don’t develop the necessary reflexes (反应能力) needed to speak and understand a foreign language. It is important to build up reflexes right from the beginning. It will help you later when your skills are good enough to take a conversation.
Here is some advice on how to build up reflexes when you only have basic words and grammar.
Relax!
No one is checking you except yourself! Look at each communication experience as an adventure. Try to relax first when you speak English. You will pick up on small details.
Context(上下文) is your friend.
What is context？ It means the situation in which something happens and that helps to understand it. (2)We can make good guesses about what is being said by using the context. It will be easy when you think about the context. You will feel much more comfortable and confident if you remember that.
Ask questions what you want to know.
After you have proudly asked for tickets at the train station, the booking-office clerk (售票员) spoke a long sentence to you about the place and the time. You may be a little unclear or have only understood a part of it. However, you can ask questions about what you want to know, such as, “Did you say…?” and “Would you repeat that more slowly?”. So that you can easily move the communication forward. Use body language.
Use body language to go with your words when you __(1)___ to learn a __(1)_____ language. The person you are speaking to only wants to understand you and will be carefully listening to you. As you become more proficient (熟练的) in your second language, you will depend(依靠) more on the language and less on body language. But there is no shame for a beginner.

小题1: 在(1)处的空白处分别填入一个适当的词使句意完整、上下文通顺。
________  __________
小题2: 将(2)句译成中文。
_______________________________________________________________________________
小题3:回答问题： What does the writer want us to do first when we speak English?
_______________________________________________________________________________
小题4: 在文中找出与 Maybe you didn’t hear clearly or understand all of it.意思相同或相近的句子，
并将它写在答题卡上。
_______________________________________________________________________________
小题5: 在文中找出最能表达该短文主题的句子，并将它写在答题纸上。
_______________________________________________________________________________

Answer 1

小题1:begin, second/foreign
小题2:我们可以通过上下文（语境）来很好的猜测到说的内容/说的话/说了什么。
小题3:He wants us to relax first. /To relax.
小题4:You may be a little unclear or have only understood a part of it.
小题5:Here is some advice on how to build up reflexes when you only have basic words or grammar.

试题分析：这篇短文讲述的是在说英语的时候，有些同学会把英语翻译出来，但是在真正与人对话的时候，我们没有时间去翻译。在我们只具备基本词汇和语法的情况下，如何跟别人对话，如何说英语，作者在这方面给了我们一些建议。
小题1:句意：当你刚开始学习外语的时候，使用身体语言来辅助你的表达。begin开始，是一个动词；a  second/foreign language 外语。根据句意可知填begin 和second/foreign。
小题2:这句话中context的意思是上下文，语境，by using the context 通过上下文；make good guesses很好的猜测；what is being said是what引导的一个宾语从句，意思是说了什么，所说的内容。
小题3:根据短文中作者给出的第一条建议try to relax first when you speak English.可知，在我们说英语的时候，首先要尽可能的放松。故这个题目的答案是To relax。
小题4:句意：或许你没有听清楚，或者没有完全理解。它和短文中You may be a little unclear or have only understood a part of it.这句话意思相同。句中的unclear 不清楚的；a part of 一部分。
小题5:这篇短文中作者关于我们在只知道一些基本词汇和语法的情况下如何说英语给了我们一些建议。短文中的第一段因此了话题，第二段的这句话是全文的中心句，从下面开始就是具体的建议。故这篇短文的主题句就是第二段的这句话Here is some advice on how to build up reflexes when you only have basic words or grammar。