题目内容

It seems that there’s a good reason why dogs are always seen as man’s best friend. Scientists have found that dogs are the only animals that can read emotion(情感)in faces much like humans. The finding suggests that like an understanding friend, dogs can see if we are happy, sad, pleased or angry.
When humans look at a new face, their eyes usually look across the left, falling on the right hand side of the person’s face first. A possible reason for this is that the right side of the human face is better at expressing emotions.
Scientists have now shown that pet dogs also have “left gaze bias(左视偏好)”, but only when looking at human faces. No other animal has been known to do like this before. Dr. Kun Guo showed 17 dogs pictures of human, dog and monkey faces as well as something else with his team. The dogs’ eyes and heads show a strong left gaze bias when the animals see human faces. But this did not happen when they were shown other pictures, including those of dogs.
Guo suggests that over thousands of years living with humans, dogs may have developed the left gaze bias as a way to guess our emotions.
“Recent studies show that the right side of our faces can express emotions better than the left. If  true, then it makes sense for dogs and humans to see the right hand side of a face first.”
小题1:Why are dogs seen as man’s best friend according to the passage?
A.Because dogs are the closest animals to humans.
B.Because dogs can read the emotions in humans’ faces easily.
C.Because dogs can understand us better when we feel sad.
D.Because dogs are good at expressing emotions.
小题2:The dogs’ left gaze bias helps them _______.
A.get along well with humansB.express emotions quickly
C.have more understanding friendsD.remember more new faces
小题3:The passage mainly wants to tell us that _______.
A.dogs have been man’s best friends for thousands of years
B.humans have a “left gaze bias”
C.the “left gaze bias” works on all animals
D.dogs can read emotions the same as humans

小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C

试题分析:短文大意:当有人看一张新的面孔,他们的眼睛通常从左看起,落在人脸的右侧。原因可能是人的右脸善于表达情感。科学家已经证明,宠物狗也有“左凝视偏差”。
小题1:细节理解题。根据第一段中Scientists have found that dogsare the only animals that can read the emotions in humans’ faces like humans可知该选B。
小题2:细节理解题。根据第四段Guo suggests that over thousands of years living with humans, dogs may have developed the left gaze bias as a way to guess our emotions.可知该选A。
小题3:细节理解题。根据第三段中The dogs’ eyes and heads show a strong left gaze bias when the animals see human faces.可知该选C。
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“Er, er, er…… I’m sorry I forget my words.” Tom rushed out of the hall with his face red. People afraid of speaking in public are suffering from “Stage Fright”. Stage fright makes a person    . In that    it can make one's mind go blank(空白) and forget    one ought to say, or to act. Actors, musicians, dancers, lawyers, even TV show hosts suffered from stage fright at one time or      .
Diana Nichols is an expert in helping people free from stage fright at a medical center in New York City. She helps actors learn to    themselves. Miss Nichols says some people have always been    to perform before the audience. Others, she says, develop stage fright after a terrible experience.
She offers them advice to control the fear. One way is to smile    going onto the stage. Taking two deep breaths    helps. Deep    helps you get control of your body.
Miss Nichols asks her patients to tell themselves that their speech or performance does not have to be    . It's    to make a mistake. She tells them they should not be too nervous while they are performing. It is important that they should continue to perform while she is helping them. After each performance, they discuss what happened and find out what    helped and what did not.As they perform more and more, they will fear    . Miss Nichols says the aim is only to reduce stage fright, not to smooth it away    . This is    a little stage fright makes a person more careful, and improves the performance.

小题1:
A.joyfulB.unhappyC.nervousD.hopeless
小题2:
A.caseB.moodC.senseD.condition
小题3:
A.whenB.whatC.howD.whether
小题4:
A.othersB.otherC.anotherD.the other
小题5:
A.cureB.controlC.holdD.protect
小题6:
A.satisfiedB.happyC.afraidD.surprised
小题7:
A.sinceB.untilC.duringD.before
小题8:
A.tooB.as wellC.alsoD.either
小题9:
A.breathingB.to breatheC.to have breathedD.breathes
小题10:
A.perfectB.fineC.goodD.pleasant
小题11:
A.incorrectB.importantC.unnecessaryD.all right
小题12:
A.peopleB.adviceC.wordsD.measures
小题13:
A.less and lessB.fewer and fewerC.more and moreD.smaller and smaller
小题14:
A.practicallyB.easilyC.completelyD.really
小题15:
A.whyB.thatC.sinceD.because
Being safe in your everyday life needs knowledge. If you remember the following information, your life will be much safer.
Always notice the environment around you. You shouldn’t walk alone outside. Make sure where the public phones are. If anything dangerous happens, you can find them easily.
Your bag should be carried towards the front of your body instead of putting it on your back. When a bus is full of people, it is easy enough for a thief to take away the things in the bag on your back.
If you are followed by someone you don’t know, cross the street and go to the other way, let the person understand that you know he or she is after you. Next, don’t go home at once. You are safer in the street than you are alone in your home or in a lift (电梯).
If you have to take a bus to a place far away, try to get to the stop a few minutes earlier before the bus leaves. This stops other people from studying you. On the bus, don’t sit alone. Sit behind the driver or with other people. Don’t sleep.
小题1: Which of the following is NOT safe when you are out?
A.Go home alone late at night.
B.Make sure where the public phones are.
C.Don’t get to the bus stop too early.
D.Always notice the environment around you.
小题2:When you are followed by someone on your way home, you should __________ to make yourself safe.
A.run home
B.turn back and walk towards him or her
C.find a lift and go in
D.cross the street and go to the other way
小题3:What can you learn from the text?
A.How to cross the street.
B.How to be safe in your everyday life.
C.How to use the public phones.
D.How to notice the environment around you.
When do you think of a forest, what do you see? Just trees Or do you see many other things, such as singing birds, colorful plants and wild flowers?
The forest is a whole world of its own. It is full of many different living things (生物). But even thoughthey are all different, they have one thing in common: they all need each other in order to live on. 
The trees feed the forest "people" by making food in their leaves; by using sunlight to join water and minerals(矿物) from the soil and air. Their deep network of roots Joins the soil together and stops it from  dying out, making it possible for living things to live in it. Human beings (人类) are like the living things in the forest. We need one another in order to live. We need the farmers to grow our food, railroad and truck drivers to bring it to our shops and clerks (售货员) to sell it to us. We need people to prepare our food and
cook it and others to take our waste things away. Then, of course, we need doctors, nurses, government  leaders, mailmen, telephone operators, and many others. We also need other human beings in another way. 
We need people for friendship, to talk over our problems, exchange ideas. Think how lonely and unhappy you would be if you lived all alone. 
Life is a matter of giving and taking. We need to help other people as much as we need other people to help us. Think what a good feeling you have when you have done something for someone else. You know,  being a volunteer is so great!
根据短文内容,判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示,不正确的用“B”表示。
小题1:According to the text, different things live on the soil and air.
小题2:The water and minerals join from the soil and air by using sunlight.
小题3:According to the writer, human beings need only farmers.
小题4:When I have done something for someone else, I feel happy.
小题5: According to the passage, everyone needs friends.
People are always afraid of making mistakes. But sometimes it’s not bad to make mistakes, and here is way.
At first, mistakes are a clear sign that you are trying new things. It’s always good to try new things, because when you are trying new things you are growing. If you never try new things, how can you improve? How can you create? The simple answer is, “You can’t.” Look around you, everything you see is the result of someone trying new things.
Another good thing about mistake is this: when you are making mistakes, you are learning. Consider this : Edison failed 10,000 times before he invented the light bulb. When he was asked how he felt to fail that many times, he said that he hadn’t failed 10,000 times, but rather had learnt 10,000 things that didn’t work.
Finally, when you make a mistake, you are that much closer to success. Why? Because you have said what you should say, and you have done what you should do. Every time you make a mistake, you are closer to success. But it doesn’t mean that you can make mistakes without thinking. Instead, when you try new things you have to think them over, so that you can keep away from some unnecessary mistakes.
We shouldn’t spend all our time and money on the only one way, but use them correctly. Because our time and money are limited(有限的) .
There is an old saying, “ If you are not making mistakes, you are not trying hard enough.” So go bravely and make mistakes. And learn. And grow. And succeed.
小题1: If you are making a mistake, that means_______ .
A.you are careful.B.you’re kind.
C.you ‘re growing.D.you know nothing.
小题2: If you never try new things, you can’t _____ .
A.improveB.createC.spendD.A and B
小题3: After Edison failed 10,000 times, he ________ .
A.gave upB.invented the light bulb.
C.invented the computer.D.invented 10,000 new things.
小题4:When you make a mistake, you are closer to_______ .
A.timeB.moneyC.successD.everything
小题5:What’s the main idea of the passage?
A.Never make mistakes.
B.You can make mistakes without thinking.
C.Sometimes it’s good to make mistakes.
D.Making mistakes is terrible.
For hundreds of years, scientists have been trying to answer what things have an effect on people’s emotions (情感). How you feel is controlled by many things. Your emotions can be affected by your personality, by the actions of others and by events around you. Perhaps you don’t know your emotions can be influenced by the weather as well.
People often say they feel good when the sun is shining and sad when it is cloudy.In fact, sunlight makes us feel good.When sunlight hits our skins,our bodies produce a vitamin. Vitamins are natural chemicals(化学物质)which we all need to stay healthy.Sunlight helps our bodies produce vitamin D.Vitamin D helps our bodies make a special chemical.This special chemical affects our brains(大脑)and makes us feel happy.For example, there are long, dark winters of little sunlight in Sweden and Norway,so many peple in these countries often feel sad.Without much sunlight, their bodies produce less vitamin D.Without enough vitamin D, their bodies make less of this special chemical which makes them feel good.To help the people in these countries feel better,special “sunrooms”with artificial(人造的)lights have been built.People can go there and get “sunlight”for an hour or two!
The weather can also affect people’s emotions in other ways. Hot weather can make people angry because people feel uncomfortable when they are hot. In the same way, rain can make people angry because being wet can be unpleasant. As you can see, the weather can have an effect on the chemicals which control our brains. Through these ways, the weather can influence our emotions. Sadly, while the weather can change us, we can hardly change the weather.
小题1:Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor (因素) that can affect one’s emotions?
A.Weather.B.Actions of others.
C.Personality.D.Age.
小题2:Which of the following is true about vitamin D according to the passage?
A.It is a kind of artificial chemical.
B.It makes us worried by affecting our brains.
C.It is needed by us all to keep fit.
D.It is in the sunlight.
小题3:What can we infer (推断) from the passage?
A.We feel good when we are in the bright cool weather.
B.We will be happy when we are caught in the rain.
C.All people in Norway and Sweden feel sad in winter.
D.The more vitamin D you have, the happier you’ll be.
小题4:What may be the best title for this passage?
A. Why Do We Feel Sad?            
B. The Weather Influences People’s Emotions.
C. People Need More Vitamin D.      
D. We Can Hardly Change the Weather.

The Exploration of Antarctica(南极洲)
1773
James Cook crossed the Antarctic Circle, but he didn’t see land.
1898
Adrien de Gerlache and his members were trapped in the Antarctic. They became the first to spend an Antarctic winter.
1911
Norwegian Roald Amundsen led a five-man expedition that reached the South Pole for the first time.
1929
Richard E.Byrd and three others from the US became the first to fly over the South Pole
1935
Caroline Mikkelsen from Norway became the first woman to arrive in Antarctica with her husband.
1947
The US sent the largest ever expedition of over 4,700 men, 13 ships and 23 airplanes to Antarctica. They took many photos to make a map.
1957-1958
12 countries built over 60 space stations in Antarctica. It became the beginning of international work in Antarctica.
1997
Boerge Ousland from Norway became the first person to cross Antarctica unsupported.
March 2007-
March 2009
International Polar Year-Researchers got the opportunity to work in both polar places or work in summer and winter.
小题1: _______ is from the United States of America.
A.Boerge OuslandB.Richard E. Byrd
C.Roald AmundsenD.James Cook
小题2:The underlined word “opportunity” means “______”.
A.chanceB.advice
C.guideD.plan
小题3: ______ is the first woman to get to Antarctica.
A.Roald AmundsenB.Boerge Ousland
C.Caroline MikkelsenD.Adrien de Gerlache
小题4: Which is WRONG according to the passage?
A.There were more than 60 space stations in Antarctica in the 1950s
B.Roald Amundsen was the first to fly over the South Pole.
C.Americans took many photos in the Antarctic to make a map.
D.Adrien de Gerlache was the first to spend an Antarctic winter.
小题5:The main idea of the passage is _____.
A.how to get to the Antarctic
B.the way of the exploration of Antarctica
C.the people who got to the Antarctic
D.the history of the exploration of Antarctica

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