题目内容

解方程:
(1)x2-2x-1=0.
(2)x2+2x-1=0.
(3)x2+x-1=0.
(4)x2+3x-1=0.
(5)x(x+2)=1.
(6)5(x-3)2=125.
(7)x2+2=2
3
x.
(8)3(x2-5)=4x.
(9)3x2+(x-2)=0.
(10)(2x-1)(x+3)=4.
(11)x2-3x-4=0.
(12)x2-3x-18=0.
(1)x2-2x=1,
x2-2x+1=2,
(x-1)2=2,
x-1=±
2

∴x1=1+
2
,x2=1-
2


(2)x2+2x=1,
x2+2x+1=2,
(x+1)2=2,
x+1=±
2

∴x1=-1+
2
,x2=-1-
2


(3)△=1-4×(-1)=5,
x=
-1±
5
2

∴x1=
-1+
5
2
,x2=
-1-
5
2


(4)△=9-4×(-1)=13,
x=
-3±
13
2

∴x1=
-3+
13
2
,x2=
-3-
13
2


(5)x2+2x=1,
x2+2x+1=2,
(x+1)2=2,
x+1=±
2

∴x1=-1+
2
,x2=-1-
2


(6)(x-3)2=25,
x-3=±5,
∴x1=8,x2=-2.

(7)x2-2
3
x+2=0,
△=12-4×2=4,
x=
2
3
±2
2
=
3
±1,
∴x1=
3
+1,x2=
3
-1.

(8)3(x2-5)=4x,
3x2-4x-15=0,
(3x+5)(x-3)=0,
∴x1=-
5
3
,x2=3.

(9)3x2+(x-2)=0,
3x2+x-2=0
(3x-2)(x+1)=0,
∴x1=
2
3
,x2=-1.

(10)(2x-1)(x+3)=4,
整理为2x2+5x-7=0,
(2x+7)(x-1)=0,
∴x1=-
7
2
,x2=-1.

(11)x2-3x-4=0,
(x-4)(x+1)=0,
∴x1=4,x2=-1.

(12)x2-3x-18=0,
(x+3)(x-6)=0,
∴x1=-3,x2=6.
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