4. 作者观点、态度题

(1) 考查作者对文中提到的两类人的态度，如：［A］ 褒扬；［B］ 批判；［C］ 同情；［D］ 厌恶。(答案：［B］)

(2) 根据第五段至第七段，考查作者观点，如：［A］ 人类在浩瀚的宇宙中十分渺小；［B］ 人们应该了解太阳系之外的宇宙；［C］ 技术的力量是无穷无尽的；［D］ 宇宙速度的限制迟早会被突破。(答案：［B］)

3. 人物观点、态度题

第五段和第六段提到了两类保守的人，根据文中的描述，可以命制人物观点题，参见试题13和14。也可以考查他们看待时间障碍问题的态度，如：［A］ 肯定的；［B］ 否定的；［C］ 中立的；［D］ 含糊不清的。(答案：［A］)

2. 推理引申题

(1) 针对第二段关于与火星上的人交流的描述考查未来星际之间的交流方式。

(2) 针对第四段末句考查太阳系内通信延迟的时间最长可以达多久。

第一段：开篇指出，地球上的通信系统无法延伸到太空中，因此人类无法实现星际之间的对话。接着分析原因：无线电波和光波传播速度的限制(the same limited speed)使信息需要花很长时间才能到达(the messages will take minutes-sometimes hours-on their journey)。

第二段：以火星为例，具体说明星际之间无法实现通常意义上的“对话”(a conversation is impossible)。由此可以推知，未来星际之间的交流将采用延时通信(communication delay)的方式。

3. Those who sixty years ago scoffed at the possibility of flight, and ten years ago laughed at the idea of travel to the planets, are now quite sure that the stars will always be beyond our reach.

该句主干是Those... are now quite sure that... 。who引导的定语从句修饰主语those；连词and 连接的两个动词短语scoffed...和laughed... 是并列关系，一起充当定语从句的谓语。that引导的从句充当表语。

语篇分析

本文题材涉及星际通信。作者告诉读者虽然人类在宇宙中的交流受到速度的限制，但是跨越宇宙鸿沟的可能性是存在的。它是一篇现象解释型文章，按照“指出现象-解释现象-提出新观点”脉络展开论述，可分成三部分。

2. To a culture which has come to take instantaneous communication for granted, as part of the very structure of civilized life, this “time barrier” may have a profound psychological impact.

该句主干是This “time barriers” may have a profound psychological impact。介词短语to　 a culture which... 充当状语成分，修饰句子主干，其中which引导的定语从句修饰a culture；介词短语as... 与前面的动词take构成“动词+复合宾语”的结构take sth. as sth.(把……看作……)。

1. The marvelous telephone and television network that has now enmeshed the whole world, makingall men neighbors, cannot be extended into space.

该句主干是一个被动句The marvelous telephone and television network... cannot be extended into space。其中that引导的定语从句做后置定语修饰network；分词短语making all men neighbors当结果状语，修饰整个定语从句。

15.The author of the passage intends to show__________.

［A］ the limitations of our technology　　 ［B］ the vastness of the cosmic reality

［C］ the prospect of planetary travel　　　 ［D］ the psychological impact of time and space

核心词汇

enclose　 vt. *① ［常用被动态］ to surround sth., especially with a fence or wall, in order to make it separate(尤指用篱笆或围墙)围起来 例：A high wall enclosed the courtyard. 一堵高墙把院子围了起来。 ② 随信附上，随信装入 例：Please enclose a check with your order. 请您随定单附上支票。

en-?是构成动词的前缀，表示 ① “使处于某种状态，使有某种特征，使成为……”例：danger使陷入危险中，危害，危及，enlarge使变大，扩大，enslave使成为奴隶，奴役 ②“把……包住；包涵”例：encircle围绕，环绕，包围，encase把……放入箱(盒、袋等)内

lump　 n. ① a small piece of something solid, without a particular shape(不定形的)块例：There were lumps in the sauce. 酱汁中有块状的东西。②方糖 例：One lump or two? 要一块还是两块方糖？vt. to accept a situation or decision you do not like because you cannot change it 无奈地接受 例： I?m going to that party! Like it or lump it! 我打算去参加那个聚会！不管喜欢还是不喜欢！

［短语搭配］ *lump sth. together 把……合在一起考虑；算在一起 例：Pacifists, atheists and journalists were all lumped together as “troublemakers”. 和平主义者、无神论者和记者都被归为“捣乱分子”。

超纲词汇

enmesh vt. *① 用网捕捉，使陷入网中；文中指“以电话和电视网络将整个世界联系起来” ② 使陷入，使卷入 例：be enmeshed in difficulties陷入困难中

stellar　 a.*① 恒星的，与星有关的 ② 极好的 例：the company?s stellar growth公司的良好发展

terrestrial　 a. ① 陆地的 *② 地球上的

长难句分析

12.The fact that it will never be possible to converse with someone on another planet shows that________

［A］ radio messages do not travel fast enough

［B］ no object can ever travel faster than light

［C］ western culture has a special idea of communication

［D］ certain universal laws cannot be prevailed against

fronted with the new order of cosmic reality, many educated men________.

［A］ become ignorant savage again　　　　　　 ［B］ find the “time barrier” unbearable

［C］ will not combine solar and stellar space［D］ cannot adapt to the abrupt change of scale

servative scientists who deny that cosmic gulfs can ever be crossed will________

［A］ laugh at the very idea of flight　　　　 ［B］ learn a lesson as they did ten years ago

［C］ find space travel beyond their reach［D］ oppose the fundamental scientific laws