5．助动词的省略

　 (Does) Anyone want a drink 有谁要喝一杯吗？

　 Who (do) you think you are 你以为你是谁？(在特殊疑问句中，当主语是第二人称时，助动词do可省略)

　 I (have) got to go now. 我得走了。

4．关系词的省略

　 I'll give you all (that) I have. 我要把我所有的一切都给你。

　 He read the book (which) I got yesterday. 他看过我昨天买的书了。

　 It wasn't I (who) let him in. 不是我放他进来的。

　 It happened on the day (when) we first met. 这发生在我们初次见面的那一天。

　 There is a man (who) wants to see you. 有个人想要见你。

3．连词的省略

　 We are delighted (that) you can come. 你能来，我们很高兴。

　 I believe (that) you will succeed．我相信你们会成功的。

　 It's a pity (that) he's leaving. 他要走，真遗憾。

2．代词的省略

　 I went to the market, (I) bought something useful, and (I) returned home within an hour. 我去了市场，买了点有用的东西，一小时之内就回来了。

　 They didn't like it, yet (they) said nothing. 他们并不喜欢它，可是什么话也没说。

　 (It) Doesn't matter. 这不碍事。

　 (You) Had a good time, didn't you 玩得开心，是吧？

　 I like your two small bottles, but I don't like the smallest (one). 我喜欢你的两只小瓶子，但我不喜欢最小的那一只。

　 省略大致可归纳为功能词的省略和语法结构上的省略两种。在很多情况下，这两种省略存在着交叉的关系，即有时既是功能词的省略，同时又是语法结构上的省略。

A．　 功能词的省略

　 功能词指的是没有完整意义，但有语法意义的词，如冠词、介词、助动词等。英语句子结构的简洁，首先表现在功能词的省略上。

1．冠词的省略

　 They elected John (the) monitor of the class. 他们选约翰当班长。

　 A man and (a) woman are talking in the office. 办公室一男一女正在谈话。

　 He could not understand why there was no noise coming from the house, not even the sound of the radio or (the) television. 他不明白为什么从屋子里一点响声也没传出来，甚至连收音机和电视机的声音也没有。

　 提示：

　 在英语新闻标题、告示中，经常省略冠词。

　 Chinese President Stresses Role of Working Class 中国国家主席强调工人阶级作用 (新闻标题 = The Chinese President Stresses the Role of the Working Class)

　 People Rebuild Homes After Flood 洪水退后人民重建家园(新闻标题 = The People Rebuild Their Homes After the Flood)

　 DO NOT SPEAK TO DRIVER WHILE BUS IS IN MOTION 汽车在行驶时请勿和司机讲话。(告示 = Do not speak to the driver while the bus is in motion)

　 省略多见于非正式的文体，尤其在对话中，省略是一种十分普遍的现象。英语中的省略一般说来有三个目的：

A．　 避免重复，减少累赘。

　 省略的主要目的是避免重复，去掉不必要的累赘和繁琐。

　 Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't come to school to see me the next day. 迈克说他第二 天要来学校看我，但是第二天他并没有来学校看我。

　 -- Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't. 迈克说他第二天要来学校看我，但是他并没有来。(省掉最后九个词，句子简洁多了)

　 - What did he want yesterday 他昨天要了什么？

-　　 An apple. 一个苹果。(如果回答时说出全文“He wanted an apple yesterday”，便显得别扭，不自然)

B．　 连接紧密，结构紧凑。

　 省略也是使上下文紧密连接的一种修辞手段。

　 John was the winner in 1994 and Bob in 1998. 约翰是1994年的获胜者，鲍勃是1998年的获胜者。(Bob后省略了was the winner，句子结构显得比较紧凑)

　 In some places we stopped in tents for the night, in other places in caves. 我们在有些地方住在帐篷里过夜，在有些地方住在山洞里。(in other places 后省略了主语和谓语we stopped for the night，上下文连接更加紧密)

　 省略：

　 回答问题要简洁，并列重复需省略。祈使主语常省略，比较than后需省略。宾从表从that勿省略。前后出现同一词，习惯表达需省略。

　C．强调重点，突出信息。

　 省略的另一作用是突出新的信息。

　 Truth speaks too low, hypocrisy too loud. 真理讲话声太低，虚伪讲话声太高。(后一分句省略谓语speaks，突出了too loud)

　 - Have you told him that 你把那告诉他了吗？

　 - Not yet. 还没有呢。(= I have not told him that yet. 强调not yet )

第二节：短文写作(共1题；满分25分)

某英文报社正在进行题为“居住在城市的利与弊”的有奖征文。请根据下面提示，给该报社写一篇征文。

　　 注意：1．词数为100左右；

　　　　　 2．可适当增加内容以使行文连贯。

　　　　　 Advantages and Disadvantages of Living in a City

第一节：完成句子(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

71.I guess that my little daughter____________________(在玩)toys at this time tomorrow.(play)

72.The river is_________________________(3倍长)that one.(length)

73.Only when you get down to doing it____________________(你能解出)the problem.(work)

74._______________________(尽管他们很穷)，they are generous and friendly to others.(as)

75.It’s high time that______________________(你申请)the job.(apply)

76.So far e-mail, as well as telephones,____________(发挥重大作用)in daily communication.(play)

77.I feel it is your husband who_________________(应受责备)for the spoiled child.(blame)

78.It __________________(晚了)，we decided to leave at once.(be)

79.Born in 1371 in Yunnan province and____________(抚养)in a family originally from Central Asia,Zheng He heard many stories of travel through foreign lands in his youth.(bring)

80.On hearing the good news, the girls_______________(突然哭起来)：“We have won!”(burst)