3. 关于一般现在时。(语法重点)
(1)一般现在时态的意义是：①表示现在的特征或状态。如：He is at home today. 他今天在家。②表示经常性、习惯性的动作。常和频率副词always, often, usually及every day等表示时间的短语连用。如：I go to school at 7:00 every day. 我每天7点钟去上学。③表示主语具备的性格或能力。如：She likes pears very much. 她非常喜欢梨子。They speak English. 他们讲英语。
(2)肯定陈述句：当主语是第一、二和第三人称复数时，谓语动词用原形。当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。例如：
①They stay at home on Sundays.
他们星期天呆在家。
②He does his homework in the evening.
他在晚上做作业。
(3)否定句：当主语是第一、二及第三人称复数时，否定句借助助动词do+not，当主语是第三人称单数时，否定句借用does+not，并将动词第三人称单数还原。例如：
①They don’t stay at home on Sundays.
他们星期天不呆在家里。
②He doesn’t do his homework in the evening.
他晚上不做作业。
(4)疑问句：当主语是第一、第二及第三人称复数时，疑问句在句首加Do。当主语是第三人称单数时，疑问句在句首加Does，并把谓语第三人称单数还原。例如：
①Do they stay at home on Sundays?
他们星期天呆在家吗？
②Does he do his homework in the evening?
他晚上做作业吗？
△以speak为例归纳动词do的各种句式：
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肯定式 |
否定式 |
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I speak English. You speak English. He/She/It speaks English. We/You/They speak English. |
I do not (don’t) speak English. You do not (don’t) speak English. He/She/It does not (doesn’t) speak English. We/You/They do not (don’t) speak English. |
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疑问式和简略答语 |
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Do I speak English? Yes, you do. No, you do not (don’t). Do we speak English? Yes, we/you do. No, we/you do not (don’t). |
Do you speak English? Yes, I do. No, I do not (don’t). Do you speak English? Yes, we do. No, we do not(don’t). |
Does he/she/it speak English. Yes, he/she/it does. No, he/she/it does not (doesn’t). Do they speak English? Yes, they do. No, they do not (don’t). |
(1)We __________ (get up/gets up) at seven every morning.
(2)Jane __________ (don’t wake up/doesn’t wake up) at six every morning.
(3)My father often __________ (drink/drinks) lemonade for breakfast.
(4)____________(Does, Do)the girl often __________ (draw/draws)pictures in the park?
(5)My friend often __________ (come/comes) to school by bus.
(6)____________ (Does, Do) Sally and Ann often __________ (read/reads) English in class?
(7)Jim __________ (doesn’t do/doesn’t) his homework after supper every day.
(8)Jone __________ (go/goes) home at 4:00 in the afternoon.
答案：(1)get up (2)doesn’t wake up (3)drinks
(4)Does, draw (5)comes (6)Do, read
(7)doesn’t do (8)goes
解析：本题考查一般现在时的各种句型。
(1)主语是we，与谓语动词原形搭配。
(2)考查否定句，由于主语是第三人称单数，助动词应相应变化。
(3)主语是第三人称单数。
(4)行为动词是一般现在时的疑问句，主语the girl是第三人称单数，助动词应选相应的Does，后面的动词则用原形，选draw。
(5)此题与(3)题考点相同，选comes。
(6)此题与(4)小题考点一样，但主语Sally and Ann相当于they，不是单数，答案为Do, read。
(7)此题较难，不能丢了第二个do，它是主语的动词译为“做”，答案为doesn’t do。
(8)考点与(3)、(5)相同。
1. What time is it? It’s …
这是询问时间的惯用法，如：
A: Excuse me. What time is it, please?
请问几点了？
B: It’s nine o’clock. 九点了。
英语时间的表达
(1)整点时间可表示为“钟点数+o’clock”或直接读钟点数，省去o’clock。如：
It’s ten o’clock a. m. 现在是上午十点整。
(2)非整点时间可直接采取读数法。如：
It’s eight-thirty. 是八点三十分。
注意时间的表达方式：用数词。点与分钟之间用连字如：
eleven-thirty 十一点三十分
nine-twenty-five 九点二十五分
6:10 →six-ten 8:50→eight-fifty
9:30→nine-thirty 10:15→ten-fifteen
7:45→seven forty-five 11:05→eleven-five
(3)非整点时间的分钟数不超过30分钟，也可用介词“past”。如：
6:10→ten past six
11:05→five past eleven
10:15→ a quarter past ten或fifteen past ten
8:15→a quarter past eight或fifteen past eight
9:30→half past nine或thirty past nine
(4)非整点时间的分钟数超过30分钟，用介词to。如：
11:50→ten to twelve
7:31→twenty-nine to eight
9:45→a quarter to ten或fifteen to ten
12:59→one to thirteen
此句话还有几种表达方式。如：
What is the time? 几点了？
What time is it by your watch? 你的手表几点了？
用英语大声说出下列表格中的时间
A: What’s the time, please?
B: It’s twelve o’clock.
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8:05
o five. 8:10 ten. 8:15 It’s eight fifteen. 8:25 twenty-five. 8:30 thirty. |
OR |
five ten It’s a quarter past eight. twenty-five half |
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8:35
thirth-five. 8:40 forty. 8:45 It’s eight forty-five. 8:50 fifty. 8:55 fifty-five. |
OR |
twenty-five twenty It’s a quarter to nine ten five |