摘要: aspect 2. recorder 3. donate 4. select 5. axis Group B: Five students come to the front to explain the new words one by one.

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Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes(运动员). Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
  The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find a flaw (缺陷) in themselves.
  Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today's youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters' performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.
【小题1】An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is ______

A.to reduce their mental stress
B.to increase their sense of success
C.to make sports less competitive
D.to make sports more challenging
【小题2】According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that ____ .
A.it can help them learn more about society
B.it enables them to find flaws in themselves
C.it can provide them with valuable experiences
D.it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
【小题3】Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes ______ .
A.believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development
B.without realizing criticism may destroy their self confidence
C.in order to make them remember life's lessons
D.so as to put more pressure on them
【小题4】According to the passage parents and coaches should _____________ .
A.pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports
B.help children to win every game
C.train children to cope with stress
D.enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports
【小题5】The author's purpose in writing the passage is ____________ .
A.to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout
B.to persuade young children not to worry about criticism
C.to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children
D.to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement

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C
  What comes as a shock to many Westerners may be the unfriendly way that some Chinese treat waiters and waitresses in restaurants and bars. Over the last few years,as many in Beijing have made fortunes,I and many of my foreign friends have noticed a downturn in the treatment of those who work all hours and often live in terrible conditions to bring us our food,guard our homes and sell us clothes.It's not the common citizens,but the young nouveau riches(暴发户) Chinese in Beijing who are mostly guilty of this both social and human misbehavior.
  It is not unusual to see and hear these people,especially the young women among their ranks,speaking rudely to the waiters and waitresses,as they sit there in the misguided belief that the latest mobile phone,a new car and designer clothes give them the right to talk to people like dirt.In one recent incident(事件) in an expensive restaurant near where I live ,I overheard the table next to me,two guys and a girl,tell the waitress "You really are stupid ",because she had brought them two glasses instead of three.They all burst into loud laughter as the young girl ran away to fetch another.In anther incident I saw a waitress reduced to tears as four well-dressed girls criticized everything from her accent to her looks.
  Lately I have noticed that this rather unpleasant aspect of the nouveau riches has been taken up by many of their foreign peers(同类人).So I ask Beijing's bright young things to set a good example,and treat all people with equal respect.And I urge foreigners to follow the good examples of their Chinese language teachers and textbooks while adding some of the pleasantries of their own cultures,so that cultural interpenetration(相互渗透) has a positive influence and not a negative one.
  Here I'd like to leave you with the words from Confucius:"What you do not wish for yourself, do not "do to others."
  64.The writer has noticed that less respect is shown to _______ in Beijing in recent years.
   A.common citizens          B.waiters and the like
   C.young nouveau riches      D.some foreigners
  65.The two incidents mentioned in Paragraph 2 are used to show ______.
   A.waiters and waitresses can make excusable mistakes
   B.waitresses are usually too shy to be laughed at
   C.some Beijingers are too particular about restaurant service
   D.what's being talked about is not rare
  66.The young Beijingers are asked to set a good example in order to ______
   A.have good influence over foreigners
   B.leave a good impression on foreigners
   C.educate younger Chinese
   D.develop traditional Chinese culture
  67.The origial title of the article is most likely to be _______.
   A.One Dark Side of the Bright Chinese Capital
   B.Beijing's Young Nouveau Riches,Watch Out
   C.Dno't Throw Away Good Manners,Please
   D.People Like Waiters Live at Bottom of Society

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The United States of America is the most culturally diverse(多样化) country in the world in terms of culture religion, ethnicity(种族) and sexual orientation. As a combination of various races and cultures, America is home to all. The culture here is so unique that citizens can be just as proud of their original cultural heritage(遗产) as they are to be American.
What is now the US was initially inhabited(居住) by native people until the land was settled by various European groups and African slaves. Since the 20th century, the country has become a heaven for people from all over the globe(全球).
The arrival of immigrants(移民) has shifted populations from rural(农村的) areas into cities because immigrants tend to settle in urban areas. At present, 81 percent of the inhabitants in the US live in cities.
Cultural and ethnic diversity adds a unique flavor to cities that is expressed through distinct(独特的) neighborhoods, restaurants, places of worship, museums, nightlife and multicultural learning environments.
Unique musical forms, such as jazz, rock and roll, Chicano music, and the blues, grow in the US by mixing a variety of culturally distinct musical traditions to create a new form.
At the executive (行政的) level, the country is headed by a mixed­race president; two posts(职位) on the Supreme Court are held by members of the country's two largest minorities.There is also diversity in state and local governments.
Without its rich mixture of races and cultures, America would not be the nation that it is today. Founded upon the basis of equality and freedom, America acts as a stage where different cultures not only co­exist peacefully, but develop well.
【小题1】According to the passage, America is a country________.

A.that welcomes people from all over the world
B.where citizens take more pride in their original culture
C.that is mostly settled by Europeans and Africans
D.where 81% of the population are immigrants
【小题2】Where did most people live before many immigrants came to America?
A.In the urban areas.B.In the rural areas.
C.In the southern part of America.D.In the northern part of America.
【小题3】We can learn from the sixth paragraph that________.
A.diversity(多样化) has existed in America in almost every aspect(方面)
B.most posts in American state governments are held by mixed­race people
C.equality and freedom make America a fair country
D.diversity has greatly affected the American political field
【小题4】What's the best title for this passage?
A.The effects of culture and diversity on America.
B.The influence of globalization on America.
C.The political development of America.
D.The bright future of America.
【小题5】We would most probably read this passage in a book about________.
A.science B.historyC.cultureD.amusement

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