Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.

Certain microorganisms（微生物）cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release（释放）poisons that make people sick.

Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.

Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms.

When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous.

Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.

1. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Food when poisoned can make people sick.

B. Food poisoning means death.

C. Food poisoning comes in varieties.

D. Food poisoning can be serious.

2.We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning__________.

       A.are always accompanied by a fever

       B.are too common to be noted

       C.can be noticed within hours

       D.can he ignored

3.Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT__________

       A.some chemicals

       B.low temperatures

       C.some tiny living things

       D.certain natural materials

4.From Paragraph 5,we can learn that__________

       A.mushrooms should not be eaten

       B.vegetables are safer than meat and seafood

       C.natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals

       D.different types of food should be handled differently

5.It can be inferred from the passage that__________

       A.natural materials are safe in food processing

       B.chemicals are needed in food processing

       C.food poisoning can be kept under control

       D.food poisoning is out of control

Malaria, the world's most widespread parasitic(寄生虫引起的) disease, kills as many as three million people every year—almost all of whom are under five, very poor, and African. In most years, more than five hundred million cases of illness result from the disease, although exact numbers are difficult to assess because many people don't (or can't) seek care. It is not unusual for a family earning less than two hundred dollars a year to spend a quarter of its income on malaria treatment, and what they often get no longer works. In countries like Tanzania, Mozambique, and the Gambia, no family, village, hospital, or workplace can remain unaffected for long.

   Malaria starts suddenly, with violent chills, which are soon followed by an intense fever and, often, headaches. As the parasites multiply, they take over the entire body. Malaria parasites live by eating the red blood cells they infect (感染). They can also attach themselves to blood vessels in the brain. If it doesn't kill you, malaria can happen again and again for years. The disease passed on to humans by female mosquitoes infected with one of four species of parasite. Together, the mosquito and the parasite are the most deadly couple in the history of the earth—and one of the most successful. Malaria has five thousand genes, and its ability to change rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control. Studies show that mosquitoes are passing on the virus more frequently, and there are more outbreaks in cities with large populations. Some of the disease's spread is due to global warming.

    For decades, the first-choice treatment for malaria parasites in Africa has been chloroquine, a chemical which is very cheap and easy to make. Unfortunately, in most parts of the world, malaria parasites have become resistant to it. Successful alternatives that help prevent resistance are already available, but they have been in short supply and are very expensive. If these drugs should fail, nobody knows what would come next.

According to paragraph 1, many people don't seek care because___.

they are too poor

it is unusual to seek care

they can remain unaffected for long

there are too many people suffering from the disease

People suffering from malaria___.

have to kill female mosquitoes

have ability to defend parasites

have their red blood cells infected

have sudden fever, followed by chills

Which of the following may be the reason for the wide spread of the disease?

Its resistance to global warming.

Its ability to pass on the virus frequently.

Its outbreaks in cities with large populations.

Its ability to defend itself and resist new drugs.

It can be inferred from the passage that___.

no drugs have been found to treat the disease

the alternative treatment is not easily available to most people

malaria has developed its ability to resist parasites

nobody knows what will be the drug to treat the disease

Which of the following questions has NOT been discussed in the passage?

How can we know one is suffering from malaria?

How many people are killed by malaria each year?

Why are there so many people suffering from malaria7

What has been done to keep people unaffected for long7

The Haitian tsunami gave scientists a chance to find out how well vital and potentially life-saving warning systems were working.

       Noaa’s Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory has developed a warning system that picks up signals of tsunamis directly from the sea-floor.

       It is called Dart-the Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis. If seismometers(地震仪) detect an earthquake, the Dart buoys（浮标） will determine what is happening to sea levels, and whether a big wave might be on the way. This information is then sent via satellite to a central location which can organize an alarm. Within 50 minutes of the Haiti earthquake, this system was able to issue an alarm to other countries in the Caribbean to say that a small tsunami had been caused to start, and that was unlikely to affect them.

       Dr Bernard said, “The first 30 minutes following the earthquake, we have to rely on education.” The critical aspects of this are: do you feel the earthquake; do you see the ocean draw down; and do you hear that loud roar? If so, you should run for higher ground.

 “But after the first few minutes, it’s crucial that we have the technology—the measurements to avoid unnecessary evacuation(疏散撤离)and tell people when it is safe to return.” Right now, there are 50 of these Dart buoys all over the globe—four of which are in the Caribbean.

Dr Bernard says that, with 75 to 100 buoys worldwide, this system could provide global tsunami warnings within one hour.

 “That’s for everywhere we know that tsunamis have happened. If we wanted to go to half an hour detection, we could probably double or multiply by four times that number,” he said.

       “In some countries, including Haiti, there may not be enough resources to support a specific tsunami warning centre for something that happens so infrequently.”

       He said that this system was relatively inexpensive to fix and operate.

       “To get it down to an hour for everywhere affected would cost $50m initial investment and then 10% of that to maintain it,” he said.

       “That’s not a terribly expensive system considering the potential savings of lives.”

In which section would you probably read the passage in a newspaper?

A. Education and Society                   

B. Culture and Leisure

C. Science and Technology          

D. Health and Medicine

How many buoys would at least be needed for global tsunami warnings within half an hour?

A. 150                 

B. 100                  

C. 75                   

D. 50

Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

       A. The system can warn people of the coming of tsunami directly after the earthquake.

       B. We can’t escape the danger of tsunami within 30 minutes following the earthquake.

       C. Each country can easily afford a tsunami warning centre though it seldom happens.

       D. It’s worthwhile to spend money on the warning system for possible savings of lives.

Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?

A. Tsunami Assessment               

B. Earthquake detecting

C. Disaster Warning System        

D. Life Saving System

What is Math Anxiety?

Math anxiety or fear of math is actually quite common. Math anxiety is quite    1   to stage-fright. Why does someone suffer   2   ? Fear of something going wrong in front of a crowd? Fear of   3   the lines? Fear of being judged   4   ? Fear of going completely blank? Math anxiety conjures（使现出） up fear of some type. The fear that one won't be able to do the   5   or the fear that it's too hard or the fear of failure which often stems(起因于) from having a lack of   6   . For the most part, math anxiety is the   7   about doing the math right, our minds draw a   8   and we think we'll fail and of course the more frustrated and anxious our minds become, the   9   the chance for drawing blanks. Added pressure of having time limits on math tests and exams also cause the levels of anxiety grow for many students.

Where Does Math Anxiety Come From?

Usually math anxiety stems from    10  experiences in mathematics. Typically math phobias have had math presented in such a fashion that it led to limited understanding. Unfortunately, math anxiety is often  11    poor teaching and poor experiences in math which typically leads to math   12   . Many of the students I've encountered with math anxiety have demonstrated an over reliance on procedures in math as opposed to actually understanding the math. When one tries to memorize procedures, rules and routines without much   13   , the math is quickly forgotten and   14   soon sets in. Think about your experiences with one concept --- the division of fractions（小部分）. You probably learned about reciprocals（倒数） and inverses. In other words, 'It's not yours to reason why, just invert（反转） and multiply'（乘）. Well, you memorized the rule and it   15   . Why does it work? Do you really understand why it works? Did anyone every use pizzas or math manipulative（巧妙处理的） to show you why it works? If   16   , you simply memorized the procedure and that was that. Think of math as memorizing all the procedures --   17   if you forget a few? Therefore, with this type of strategy, a good   18   will help, but, what if you don’t have a good memory. Understanding the math is critical. Once students   19   they can do the math, the whole notion of math anxiety can be overcome. Teachers and parents have an important   20   to ensure students understand the math being presented to them.

(    ) 1. A. different           B. similar             C. far                          D. familiar

(    ) 2. A. speech              B. performance     C. threatens                  D. stage-fright

(    ) 3. A. understanding   B. memorizing      C. forgetting               D. reading

(    ) 4. A. poorly              B. crazily              C. well                        D. publicly

(    ) 5. A. Chinese            B. math               C. English                   D. physics

(    ) 6. A. wish               B. conscience            C. determination           D. confidence

(    ) 7. A. fear                 B. joy                   C. pleasure                   D. doubt

(    ) 8. A .failure              B. choice              C. blank                             D. death

(    ) 9. A. further             B. greater             C. less                         D. smaller

(    ) 10. A. unpleasant      B. unfair                   C. pleasant                   D. successful

(    ) 11. A. because           B. thanks to          C. resulting in              D. due to

(    ) 12. A. fear               B. anxiety             C. failure                     D. misunderstanding

(    ) 13. A. forgetting           B. use                   C. understanding          D. knowledge

(    ) 14. A. panic              B. excitement      C. disappointment        D. encouragement

(    ) 15. A. opens             B. works               C. starts                      D. runs

(    ) 16. A. so                  B. possible            C. not                          D. any

(    ) 17. A. Where            B. Why               C. When                          D. What

(    ) 18. A. memory        B. method             C. brain                      D. body

(    ) 19. A. fill                 B. realize              C. confirm                   D. recognize

(    ) 20. A. task               B. aim                  C. appointment             D. role

 Malaria, the world's most widespread parasitic(寄生虫引起的) disease, kills as many as three million people every year—almost all of whom are under five, very poor, and African. In most years, more than five hundred million cases of illness result from the disease, although exact numbers are difficult to assess because many people don't (or can't) seek care. It is not unusual for a family earning less than two hundred dollars a year to spend a quarter of its income on malaria treatment, and what they often get no longer works. In countries like Tanzania, Mozambique, and the Gambia, no family, village, hospital, or workplace can remain unaffected for long.

   Malaria starts suddenly, with violent chills, which are soon followed by an intense fever and, often, headaches. As the parasites multiply, they take over the entire body. Malaria parasites live by eating the red blood cells they infect (感染). They can also attach themselves to blood vessels in the brain. If it doesn't kill you, malaria can happen again and again for years. The disease passed on to humans by female mosquitoes infected with one of four species of parasite. Together, the mosquito and the parasite are the most deadly couple in the history of the earth—and one of the most successful. Malaria has five thousand genes, and its ability to change rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control. Studies show that mosquitoes are passing on the virus more frequently, and there are more outbreaks in cities with large populations. Some of the disease's spread is due to global warming.

    For decades, the first-choice treatment for malaria parasites in Africa has been chloroquine, a chemical which is very cheap and easy to make. Unfortunately, in most parts of the world, malaria parasites have become resistant to it. Successful alternatives that help prevent resistance are already available, but they have been in short supply and are very expensive. If these drugs should fail, nobody knows what would come next.

1. According to paragraph 1, many people don't seek care because___.

A.     they are too poor

B.      it is unusual to seek care

C.      they can remain unaffected for long

D.     there are too many people suffering from the disease

2.People suffering from malaria___.

A.     have to kill female mosquitoes

B.      have ability to defend parasites

C.      have their red blood cells infected

D.     have sudden fever, followed by chills

3.Which of the following may be the reason for the wide spread of the disease?

A.     Its resistance to global warming.

B.      Its ability to pass on the virus frequently.

C.      Its outbreaks in cities with large populations.

D.     Its ability to defend itself and resist new drugs.

4.It can be inferred from the passage that___.

A.     no drugs have been found to treat the disease

B.      the alternative treatment is not easily available to most people

C.      malaria has developed its ability to resist parasites

D.     nobody knows what will be the drug to treat the disease

5.Which of the following questions has NOT been discussed in the passage?

A.     How can we know one is suffering from malaria?

B.      How many people are killed by malaria each year?

C.      Why are there so many people suffering from malaria7

D.     What has been done to keep people unaffected for long7