Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.

Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart（购物手推车）. They will, in a lifetime, push the chrome-plated contraptions many miles. But few will know—or even think to ask—who it was that invented them.

Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers lugging（吃力地携带） groceries around in baskets they had to carry.

One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.

On June 4, 1937, Goldman’s first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldn’t wait to see them using his invention.

But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try.

After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren’t using his carts. “Don’t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?” one shopper replied.

But Goldman wasn’t beaten yet. He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony（假冒的） customers.

As Goldman had hoped, the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people come—those who came bought more. With larger, easier-to-handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before.

Today’s shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman’s original model. Perhaps that’s one reason Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937—before the coming of the shopping cart.

81. What do the underlined words “chrome-plate contraptions” in Paragraph 1 refer to?（No more than 3 words）

82. What was the purpose of Goldman’s invention? （No more than 8 words）

83. Why was Goldman disappointed at first? （No more than 8 words）

84. Why did Goldman hire people to push carts around his market? （No more than 10 words）

Farmer John and Farmer Bob were neighbours. For more than 30 years, they had been getting along very well.

Then their good relationship broke. It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence. One morning Farmer John woke up to find a stream between the two farms. “It must be Bob,” John thought.

Then one day there was a knock on John’s door. He opened it to find a carpenter(木匠) standing at the doorway.

“I’m looking for a few days’ work,” the carpenter said.

“I do have a job for you,” John said. “Look across the stream at that farm. That’s my neighbour Bob. He dug a stream between the two farms. I want you to build a fence—an 8-foot fence. I don’t want to see his place or his face any more. I don’t have such a neighbour!”

The carpenter said, “I think I know what to do, sir, and I’ll be able to do a job that pleases you.”

Farmer John helped the carpenter get the materials(材料) ready and then he was off for the day.

About sunset when the farmer returned, the carpenter had just finished his job. The farmer’s eyes opened wide. There was no fence there at all!

It was a bridge! And the neighbour, Bob, was coming across, with his hand outstretched(伸出). “Hi, John! You’re quite a fellow to build this bridge!”

Then they met in the middle, taking each other’s hands. “I’m terribly sorry for what I have said and done. We should be good to each other.” said Farmer Bob.

Then they turned to see the carpenter, who was ready to go. “No, wait! Stay a few days. I have a lot of other jobs for you,” said Farmer John. “I’d love to stay,” the carpenter said, “but I have more bridges to build.”

Just before the carpenter came, John and Bob             each other.

A. didn’t speak to                 B. were friendly to     

C. often fought with                 D. never had bitter words with

Farmer John asked the carpenter to build a fence because            .

         A. he wanted to protect his farm   B. he didn’t want to do it himself

         C. he wouldn’t like to see Bob     D. he wanted to find him something to do

What does the sentence “You’re quite a fellow to build this bridge!” mean?

A. John was great to build this bridge.

B. John was not good at building bridges.

C. John was foolish to build such a bridge.

D. John should build the bridge earlier.

What is the best title for the passage?

         A. What a Big Fence!                    B. A Strong Bridge

         C. Three Kind Men                      D. A Fence or a Bridge?

The young couple had another quarrel. They were sitting silently when the landlady came in and asked, “You don’t   31   the house any more?” He kept silent and she   32   shook her head.

The landlady began   33   the house. After looking around, the landlady screamed, “See how you have   34   my house? The walls are full of nails! How could I rent it to others?”

She began looking around her   35  room. Four years ago on the wedding night, he felt deeply   36   to her, saying, “I feel so sorry to you for   37   you live in this small room. In the future I will buy our own big house.”

This tiny room has two nails on the wall next to the door, one for her bag and the other   38  . At that time, she threw all her stuff such as her bag and umbrella on the   39   once she entered the room, staring at the whole   40   and feeling terribly upset. Then he began   41   more nails into the wall. There were three nails on the left, on which   42   his clothes yesterday and four on the right used to   43   their wedding photo frame.

 The landlady started to pull the nails out with a tool. After the nails were   44  , the walls were left with countless holes. Suddenly, she felt heartbroken as if she were   45   nonstop through these holes.

　　She   46   to her feet and exclaimed, “Stop removing the nails! We will rent the house   47   we buy our own!” He gazed at her surprised, and then turned round, tears over his cheek.

She   48  realized that marriage was like a wall and that all   49   and “cold wars” were like the nails on the wall.  50  , when they were removed, only a wall with holes would remain. But if all the nails were still in their own places, the wall was still complete and reliable.

1.A. like                   B. clean                C. rent                 D. keep

2.A. simply                B. barely          C. coldly               D. proudly

3.A. observing             B. examining       C. watching             D. spotting

4.A. shared                 B. ruined               C. kept                 D. decorated

5.A. familiar              B. dirty                C. empty            D. bright

6.A. devoted                B. attached             C. optimistic      D. guilty

7.A. leaving               B. having          C. asking           D. getting

8.A. clothes               B. pictures             C. umbrellas       D. hats

9.A. floor                 B. wall            C. ceiling              D. door

10.A. trouble                   B. mess             C. confusion            D. order

11.A. putting                   B. striking             C. driving              D. beating

12.A. hung                 B. fastened        C. dropped         D. swung

13.A. connect                   B. fix              C. hang            D. put

14.A. replaced                  B. separated       C. unfastened           D. removed 

15.A. crying                    B. aching           C. bleeding        D. disturbing

16.A. jumped               B. held             C. stuck           D. got

17.A. if                   B. unless           C. as              D. until

18.A. especially                B. eventually      C. fortunately          D. sadly

19.A. chaos                B. troubles         C. quarrels             D. challenges

20. A. Therefore                B. Besides         C. Thus             D. However

One winter during college in New York, I took an 8 am history class to fulfill a requirement. It was 36 to get up for that class, but every morning I would 37 the cold winds and went to the lecture.

The professor for the class would step 38 into the room. He was terribly nervous about the class and always fixed his eyes on his book, never 39 us.

I felt that I needed to do something to 40 the boredom, so I tried to find something in his lecture to ask him, 41 me to pay attention rather than letting my eyes close. The first time 42 I raised my hand, he was surprised but was obviously 43 to have a question to answer. I continued to do this every day. The professor seemed to become a bit more 44 and some other students even joined in. In fact, his answers were always 45. In this way, I learned quite a lot and realized the professor was indeed a/an 46 in his field.

On the last day of class we 47 our books and headed out. The professor stepped directly in front of me, with obvious 48, putting out his hand. He said, “49 you for making my class so interesting,” shaking my hand and smiling. I was so 50. To me, it had been a pleasant way to 51 the time in his lesson. I had no idea that my 52 had any effect on him or the others at all.

That 53 has stayed with me for 30 years. I don’t 54 the fact I learned in his class, but I’ll never forget the professor who taught me a lesson about the 55 of acts of kindness, indeed or not.

A. impossible               B. rough             C. natural                  D. tough

A. slow                       B. brave             C. lower              D. warm

A. shyly                      B. eagerly           C. proudly           D. hurriedly

A. looking down at            B. looking up at     C. looking up to  D. looking down upon

A. ignore                        B. delay              C. stop                D. understand

A. forcing                       B. allowing         C. advising           D. persuading

A. when                      B. in which         C. *                    D. that

A. impatient                    B. sorry              C. shocked          D. pleased

A. relaxed                       B. annoyed          C. tired               D. determined

A. boring                       B. interesting       C. puzzling         D. worrying

A. permanent               B. temporary       C. expert             D. fool

A. read                           B. copied             C. ordered            D. gathered

A. pity                           B. effort              C. humor            D. guilt

A. Thank                       B. Forgive           C. Blame             D. Praise

A. honest                        B. nervous          C. surprised        D. disappointed

A. save                           B. spend              C. spare              D. pass

A. stories                      B. questions         C. appearance    D. care

A. moment                     B. opinion          C. suggestion       D. wish

A. like                            B. know              C. recall             D. believe

A. concept                      B. reward             C. price               D. power

One night this summer, on my way home from work I decided to see a movie. I knew the theatre would be air­ conditioned and I couldn’t face my 36 apartment. Sitting in the theatre I had to 37 the opening between the two tall heads in front of me. I had to keep changing the　38　every time she leaned over to talk to him, 39　he leaned over to kiss her. Why do Americans display such　40 in a public place？I thought the movie would help improve my English, but as it 41 ,it was an Italian movie. 42 about an hour I decided to give up the movie and 43　my popcorn. I’ve never understood why they gave me so much popcorn！It tasted pretty good , 44. With time going by, I understood 45 of the romantic­ sounding Italians. I just heard the 46 of the popcorn chewed between my teeth. My thought started to 47.I remembered when I was in South Korea, I 48 to watch a host on TV frequently. He seemed like a good friend to me, until I saw him　49　on TV in New York speaking　50　English instead of perfect Korean. He didn’t　51　have a Korean accent！I felt like I had been betrayed (背叛)．

When our family moved to the United States six years ago, none of us spoke any English. 　52 we had picked up a few words, my mother suggested that we all should practise English at home. Everyone agreed, but our house became terribly　53 and we all seemed to avoid each other. When we couldn’t avoid seeing each other, our expressions were stiff (僵硬的)．Sitting at the dinner table we preferred silence to　54　a difficult language. Mother　55　to say something in English but it came out all wrong and we all burst into laughter and decided to forget it！We’ve been speaking Korean at home ever since.

1.                A．warm          B．hot            C．heated   D．uncomfortable

2.                A．wander through  B．walk through     C．run through   D．look through

3.                A．room          B．seat            C．space    D．angle

4.                A．however        B．but            C．or   D．and

5.                A．excitement      B．feeling         C．privacy   D．love

6.                A．came about     B．came up        C．turned up D．turned out

7.                A．Within         B．After           C．For  D．Before

8.                A．concentrate on   B．stare at         C．work on  D．stick with

9.                A．too            B．either          C．anyhow   D．somehow

10.               A．much          B．something      C．nothing   D．anything

11.               A．nutrient        B．sound          C．explosion D．smell

12.               A．stop           B．wander         C．imagine   D．fascinate

13.               A．started         B．began          C．devoted   D．used

14.               A．again          B．immediately     C．closely    D．clearly

15.               A．fake           B．informal        C．perfect    D．practical

16.               A．even           B．always         C．occasionally    D．frequently

17.               A．Unless         B．If             C．Before    D．Since

18.               A．noisy          B．quiet          C．exciting   D．still

19.               A．improving       B．reading         C．writing    D．speaking

20.               A．managed       B．happened       C．tried  D．had