摘要：完成进行时是完成时和进行时的结合.包括现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时. A. 现在完成进行时 1．现在完成进行时的构成 现在完成进行时是由“have/has been + 现在分词 构成的. He is ill. He's been lying in bed for three weeks. 他病了.已经卧床3个星期了. Your eyes are red. Have you been crying? 你眼睛红了.你刚刚哭过了吗? What have you been doing all this time? 这半天你干什么来着? 2．现在完成进行时的用法 ①表示动作从过去某时开始.一直延续到现在 现在完成进行时常和all this time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning, recently等状语以及since和for引导的状语连用. I have been reading Hemingway's Farewell to Arms recently. 我最近一直在读海明威的. She has been reciting the words all the morning. 她整个上午都在背单词. This is what I have been expecting since my childhood. 这是我从小以来就一直期待着的事情. ②表示动作刚刚结束 My clothes are all wet. I've been working in the rain. 我的衣服全湿了.我刚才一直在雨中干活. He is dead drunk. He's been drinking with his friends. 他烂醉如泥.他刚才一直在和朋友们喝酒. ③表示一个近期内时断时续.重复发生的动作 You've been saying that for five years. 这话你已经说了五年了. He has been writing articles to the newspapers and magazines since he became a teacher. 自从任教以来.他一直在为报刊杂志撰稿. ④表达较重的感情色彩 What have you been doing to my dictionary? 看你把我的字典弄成什么样子了! Time has been flying so quickly! 时间过得可真快啊! Too much has been happening today. 今天可真是个多事的日子. 3． 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的比较 ①现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复.而现在完成时一般不表示重复性. Have you been meeting him recently? 你最近常和他见面吗? Have you met him recently? 你最近见到过他吗? ②现在完成进行时有时含有感情色彩.而现在完成时一般是平铺直叙. I have been waiting for you for two hours. 我一直等了你两个小时. I have waited for you for two hours. 我等了你两个小时. ③现在完成进行时强调动作.而现在完成时强调结果. Who has been eating the oranges? 谁一直在吃这些桔子呀? Who has eaten the oranges? 谁把桔子吃光了? B.过去完成进行时 1. 过去完成进行时的构成 过去完成进行时是由“had been + 现在分词 构成. She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam. 她在考试之前一直患重感冒. Had they been expecting the news for some time? 他们期待这个消息有一段时间了吧? Rafael was scolded even though he hadn't been doing anything wrong. 尽管拉斐尔没做什么错事.但他还是挨骂了. 2. 过去完成进行时的用法 ①表示过去某一时间之前一直进行的动作 过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始.一直延续到这一过去时间.和过去完成时一样.过去完成进行时也必须以一过去时间为前提. I had been looking for it for days before I found it. 这东西我找了好多天才找着的. They had only been waiting for the bus a few moments when it came. 他们只等了一会儿车就来了. ②表示反复的动作 He had been mentioning your name to me. 他过去多次向我提到过你的名字. You had been giving me everything. 你对我真是有求必应. ③过去完成进行时还常用于间接引语中 The doctor asked what he had been eating. 医生问他吃了什么. I asked where they had been staying all those days. 我问他们那些天是待在哪儿的. ④过去完成进行时之后也可接具有“突然 之意的when 分句 I had only been reading a few minutes when he came in. 我刚看了几分钟他就进来了. She'd only been reviewing her lessons for a short while when her little sister interrupted her. 她温习功课才一会儿.她妹妹就打断她了. 3．过去完成进行时和过去完成时的比较 She had cleaned the office, so it was very tidy. 她已经打扫过办公室了.所以很整洁. She had been cleaning the office, so we had to wait outside. 她一直在打扫办公室.所以我们不得不在外面等着.

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