Herta Muller was born in August 1953 in the traditionally German—speaking Nabat region of Romania．

After studying literature between l 973 and l 976，Muller was fired from her first job after refusing to work for Ceausescu’s（齐奥塞斯库）secret police．It was at this time that she decided to devote her life to literature，but she refused to publish her first book Niederungen（Nadirs）in Romania because of attempts by the authorities to censor（审查）it．The manuscript，describing vividly the boring life under Ceausescu’s rule，was taken secretly into West Germany，where it was published in 1984，with Germany’s Spiegel magazine pronouncing her a “discovery”．After being refused permission to move to West Germany in l 985，she was finally allowed to leave in 1987after her sharp criticism of her native country’s rule earned her death threats from the secret police．

The Berlin International Literature Festival described her work as being focused on the non-conformist（不墨守成规者）life in the smallest unit of the dictatorial（独裁的）state，as well as observations from her childhood and village life anti family．

The novel Reisende auf einem Bein （Travelling On One Leg） describes the difficulties of settling anew in foreign surroundings. Alongside other novels about the Ceausescu rule like Herztier （Land of Green Plums） and Heute waer ich mir lidbernicht begegnet （The Appointment）, she has also written a series of political essays.

Besides the prize for her first book, she has received the European Literary Prize "Aristeion",

the International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award, the Kieist Prize, and the Kafka Prize. Now she has added the 2009 Nobel Literature Prize to her glories.

1. When did Herta Muller decide to focus on writing?

A. Between 1973 and 1976. ~            B. When she was fired from her first job.

C. When she published her first book.     D. After she moved to west Germany.

2. Which of the following statements is not true?

A. Her first book was not published in Romania.

B. Her first application for moving to west Germany was refused.

C. Her novel Herztier describes the difficulties of beginning a new life abroad.

D. She wrote many novels and political essays.

3. How many awards has she got so far according to the text?

A. 4             B. 6              C. 5               D. 7

4. What do you think of Herta Muller according to Paragraph 2?

A. Critical        B. Flexible         C. Fearful          D. Optimistic

5. The best title of the text is

A. Herta Muller’s fleeing life.

B. Herta Muller’s literature works.

C. Herta Muiler’s honours.

D. Nobel Literature Prize winner-Herta Muller.

       Teenagers at one German school are learning how to achieve happiness alongside subjects like maths and languages.

       The class sit in a circle with their eyes shut and count from one to ten: one begins, the next voice comes from the far right, a third from the other side. The aim is to listen for an opportunity to shout the number without clashing （冲突）with another voice or leaving a pause. On the first try, most of the young Germans try to be first, while a few are too shy to join in. But by the fifth round, they develop a rhythm.

       The message: giving other people space but also confidently claiming your own space is a requirement for social well-being.

       While the game suggests a soft course for the less bright, the school says it is trying to make it affect even clever pupils. The Willy Hellpach School is the first in the nation to develop a happiness course, intended for 17-19-year-olds preparing for university-entrance exams. "The course isn't there to make you happy," Ernst Fritz-Schubert, the school principal, warned the pupils who were taking the course, "but rather to help you discover the ways to become happy." Cooking a meal together will be one of the class exercises, along with improving body language under the guidance of two professional actresses.

       "In the first period, we had to each say something positive about another member of the class and about ourselves. No laughing at people or teasing," said Fanny, 17.

       The message: self-esteem (自尊) improves happiness too.

       The course is taught for three periods a week and will be graded as a part of overall assessment. Despite the happy subject, the pupils themselves insist it is no laughing matter. Max, 18, says he is happy when he finds people who share his interests. Janina, 18, says she needs to be fit to feel happy.

       "We want to show how proper food or exercise can help in becoming happy," the principal said. He hopes other schools in Germany will copy the idea. The school has attracted national interest since it announced its new course.

1．What would be the best title of this passage?

       A．Basic Things for Happiness.              B．Tips to Be Happy.

       C．Learning How to Be Happy.                  D．Laughing a Lot at School.

2．Why is the happiness course compared with maths and languages?

       A．It has been developed as a school subject.

       B．It is more important than traditional courses.

       C．It is part of the research.

       D．It arouses the students' interest.

3．Who are expected to take the course at the school?

       A．First year students.                              B．All the students.

C．Students with mental problems.             D．Students who are going to graduate.

4．Which of the following is NOT true about the happiness classes?

       A．Students learn through playing games.  B．Cooking a meal together is a class activity.

       C．Students are only made to be happy.    D．Students say positive things about each other

Section C

Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A - F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.

E. Experiences on scuba-diving holidays

F. Experienced staff to keep you company   

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