Australia’s Great Barrier Reef will lose most of its coral cover by 2050 and, at worst, the world’s largest coral system could collapse by 2100 because of global warming, a study recently said.

     The study by Queensland University’s Center for Marine Studies, commissioned (委托) by the Worldwide Fund for Nature, said that the destruction of coral on the Great Barrier Reef was unavoidable due to global warming, regardless of what actions were taken now. “Under the worst-case scenario, coral populations will collapse by 2100 and the reestablishment of coral reefs will be highly unlikely over the following 200-500 years,” said the report entitled “Implications (可能的影响) of Climate Change for Australia’s Great Barrier Reef.”

     The Great Barrier Reef is the world’s largest living reef formation stretching 2,000 km north to south along Australia’s northeast coast. “Only if global average temperature change is kept to below two degrees Celsius can the Reef have any change of recovering from the predicted damage,” the report said. Coral has a narrow comfort zone and is highly stressed by a temperature rise of less than one degree Celsius. Water temperature rises of less than one degree coincided (同时发生) with the world’s worst recorded coral bleaching (颜色变淡) period in 1988. The warmer water forces out the algae (海藻) that give coral its color and, if all are lost, the coral dies and the reef will die out. In 1988, 16 percent of the world’s coral died, with 46 percent of the Indian Ocean coral destroyed.

     Scientists express water temperatures to rise this century by between two and six degrees Celsius. “There is little to no evidence that corals can adapt fast enough to match even the lower  temperature rise,” said the report. Over-fishing and pollution from coastal farms were also contributing to the destruction of coral on the Great Barrier Reef.

     The Great Barrier Reef supports huge fishing and tourism industries. Even under favorable conditions tourists would only be able to experience real corals in reef “theme parks”.

The underlined word “scenario” in Paragraph 2 probably means         .

A. imagination        B. intention        C. expectation       D. prediction

From the passage, we can infer that         .

A. corals have no difficulty in ad高☆考♂资♀源?网apting the temperature change

B. if we take quick actions we can avoid the destruction of corals

C. we can find corals in many areas of the seas or oceans

D. the algae help corals to live

Which of the following is NOT the cause of the destruction of coral on the Great Barrier Reef?

A. Direct sunshine.              B. Over-fishing.

C. Global warming.              D. Pollution.

By saying “Coral has a narrow comfort zone” (Para. 3), the author means         .

A. coral can only live in a small area     

B. coral prefers a crowded place

C. coral can hardly adapt to the temperature change     

D. coral grows best in a small are高☆考♂资♀源?网a

I noticed the woman when I entered the newsroom. My secretary told me she wanted to put an ad to   36  a baby. So I suggested several    37 lines for these ads to her:   38 , Baby to love; or Dear Birth Mother, Let Us Help You. The ad would contain   39  about her and her husband: they were   40 , could afford to raise a child. But then something   41  me: the major newspapers carried ads like this and their  42  were larger than ours. “Have you tried the major ones?” I asked. “Yes, but all failed and one more wouldn’t   43 .” She handed me a check and left with a   44  smile.
A week later the woman called in a    45  of delight: “Please don’t run the ad again. We ’ve connected with   46 . The baby is due in a month.” Good news. I asked her if she   47  keep in touch if the adoption   48  to have a happy ending. She agreed but added when the adoption was final she was   49   to give me the story.
One day my phone rang. I   50  her voice immediately. “The adoption is final. Would you like to come and meet him?” Happily, I made a (an )  51  with her for the next day. “His name is Ben,” she said, as I started to take                  52 . “He slept through the night from the start. Now he’s smiling and starting to turn over. Of course I’m not   53  him. If he is a little slow.” She paused. “ Oh, I should tell you Ben has Down’s Syndrome.(唐氏综合症)” I stopped writing . I wasn’t sure how to   54 . But she smiled “Ben was meant for us, don’t you see? He needs me more than a   55  developing child would.” She sat on the sofa, holding her son. Both of them smiled. “You wanted a story with a happy ending,” said the woman “ You got it.”

  Australia’s Great Barrier Reef will lose most of its coral cover by 2050 and, at worst, the world’s largest coral system could collapse by 2100 because of global warming, a study recently said.
The study by Queensland University’s Center for Marine Studies, commissioned (委托) by the Worldwide Fund for Nature, said that the destruction of coral on the Great Barrier Reef was unavoidable due to global warming, regardless of what actions were taken now. “Under the worst-case scenario, coral populations will collapse by 2100 and the reestablishment of coral reefs will be highly unlikely over the following 200-500 years,” said the report entitled “Implications (可能的影响) of Climate Change for Australia’s Great Barrier Reef.”[来源:学|科|网]
The Great Barrier Reef is the world’s largest living reef formation stretching 2,000 km north to south along Australia’s northeast coast. “Only if global average temperature change is kept to below two degrees Celsius can the Reef have any change of recovering from the predicted damage,” the report said. Coral has a narrow comfort zone and is highly stressed by a temperature rise of less than one degree Celsius. Water temperature rises of less than one degree coincided (同时发生) with the world’s worst recorded coral bleaching (颜色变淡) period in 1988. The warmer water forces out the algae (海藻) that give coral its color and, if all are lost, the coral dies and the reef will die out. In 1988, 16 percent of the world’s coral died, with 46 percent of the Indian Ocean coral destroyed.
Scientists express water temperatures to rise this century by between two and six degrees Celsius. “There is little to no evidence that corals can adapt fast enough to match even the lower  temperature rise,” said the report. Over-fishing and pollution from coastal farms were also contributing to the destruction of coral on the Great Barrier Reef.
The Great Barrier Reef supports huge fishing and tourism industries. Even under favorable conditions tourists would only be able to experience real corals in reef “theme parks”.
【小题1】The underlined word “scenario” in Paragraph 2 probably means         .

I noticed the woman when I entered the newsroom. My secretary told me she wanted to put an ad to   36   a baby. So I suggested several    37  lines for these ads to her:   38  , Baby to love; or Dear Birth Mother, Let Us Help You. The ad would contain   39   about her and her husband: they were   40  , could afford to raise a child. But then something   41   me: the major newspapers carried ads like this and their  42   were larger than ours. “Have you tried the major ones?” I asked. “Yes, but all failed and one more wouldn’t   43  .” She handed me a check and left with a   44   smile.

   A week later the woman called in a    45   of delight: “Please don’t run the ad again. We ’ve connected with   46  . The baby is due in a month.” Good news. I asked her if she   47   keep in touch if the adoption   48   to have a happy ending. She agreed but added when the adoption was final she was   49    to give me the story.

   One day my phone rang. I   50   her voice immediately. “The adoption is final. Would you like to come and meet him?” Happily, I made a (an )  51  with her for the next day. “His name is Ben,” she said, as I started to take                   52  . “He slept through the night from the start. Now he’s smiling and starting to turn over. Of course I’m not   53   him. If he is a little slow.” She paused. “ Oh, I should tell you Ben has Down’s Syndrome.(唐氏综合症)” I stopped writing . I wasn’t sure how to   54  . But she smiled “Ben was meant for us, don’t you see? He needs me more than a   55   developing child would.” She sat on the sofa, holding her son. Both of them smiled. “You wanted a story with a happy ending,” said the woman “ You got it.”

1.A. afford         B. affect           C. adopt            D. adapt

2.A. ordinary       B. standard         C. effective        D. ridiculous

3.A. Wanted         B. To Want      C. Wanting      D. Want

4.A. address        B. data             C. picture          D. information

5.A. rich           B. stable           C. considerate      D. lonely

6.A. occurred to    B. turned to        C. referred to      D. wrote to

7.A. titles             B. circulations     C. names            D. columns

8.A. kill           B. work             C. hurt             D. do

9.A. warm       B. weird            C. weak             D. wild

10.A. spirit        B. tone             C. way              D. sound

11.A. a birth mother B. a lovely baby   C. an ad company    D. an orphanage

12.A. might         B. should           C. would            D. dared

13.A. turned over   B. turned up        C. turned out       D. turned down

14.A. safe          B. comfortable      C. brave            D. honest

15.A. classified    B. identified       C. picked           D. recognized

16.A. look          B. appointment C. appearance  D. call

17.A. pains         B. pictures             C. clues            D. notes

18.A. rushing       B. speeding         C. pressing         D. running

19.A. reply         B. react            C. restore          D. release

20.A. steadily      B. gradually        C. normally         D. regularly

Television is a relatively stable advertising medium. In many ways, the television ads today are almost the same to those two decades ago. Most television ads still feature actors, still run 30 or 60 seconds, and still show a product. However, the different medium of the Internet causes unique challenges to advertisers, forcing them to adapt their practices and techniques.
In the early days of Internet marketing, online advertisers used banner (框式广告) and pop-up ads (弹出式广告) to attract customers. These techniques reached large audiences, led to many sales leads, and came at a low cost. However, a small number of Internet users began to consider these advertising techniques annoying. Yet because marketing strategies relying heavily on banners and pop-ups produced results, companies invested growing amounts of money into purchasing these ad types. As consumers became more complicated, frustration with these online advertising techniques grew. Independent programmers began to develop tools that blocked banner and pop-up ads.
A major development in online marketing came with the introduction of pay-per-click ads. Unlike banner or pop-up ads, which originally required companies to pay every time a website visitor saw an ad, pay-per-click ads allowed companies to pay only when an interested potential customer clicked on an ad. More importantly, however, these ads are not affected by the pop-up and banner blockers. As a result of these advantages and the incredible growth in the use of search engines, which provide excellent places for pay-per-click advertising, a great number of companies began turning to pay-per-click marketing. However, as with the banner and pop-up ads, pay-per-click ads came with their shortcomings. When companies began pouring billions of dollars into this emerging medium, online advertising specialists started to notice the presence of what would later be called click fraud (欺诈): representatives of a company with no interest in the product advertised by a competitor click on the competitor’s ads simply to increase the marketing cost of the competitor. Click fraud grew so rapidly that marketers sought to diversify (摆脱) their online positions away from pay-per-click marketing through new mediums.
Although pay-per-click advertising remains a common and effective advertising tool, marketers adapted yet again to the changing elements of the Internet by adopting new techniques such as pay-per-performance advertising. As the pace of the Internet’s evolution increases, it seems all the more likely that advertising successfully on the Internet will require a strategy that avoids constancy (持续性) and welcomes change

1. 1.

   What is the main idea of the passage?

   1. A.
      The pace of the Internet’s evolution is increasing and will only increase in the future
   2. B.
      Internet advertising fails to reach Internet users, causing ads to be blocked
   3. C.
      The Internet has experienced dramatic changes in short periods of time
   4. D.
      Rapid development of the Internet calls for new advertising strategies and mediums
2. 2.

   As an advertising medium, the television and the Internet mainly differ in ________

   1. A.
      the type of individual each medium reaches
   2. B.
      whether the medium is interactive
   3. C.
      the pace at which the medium develops
   4. D.
      the cost of advertising with each medium
3. 3.

   According to the passage, which of the following is a typical click fraud?

   1. A.
      Using software to block competitors’ advertisements
   2. B.
      Clicking on the pay-per-click ads of competitors
   3. C.
      Clicking on the banner advertisements of opponent companies
   4. D.
      Using search engine to attack the pages of competitors
4. 4.

   What does the author imply about the future of pay-per-performance advertising?

   1. A.
      It will eventually become less popular just like other forms of Internet advertising
   2. B.
      It will not face shortcomings due to its differing approach to online marketing
   3. C.
      Internet users will develop free software to block its effectiveness
   4. D.
      Although it improves on pay-per-click advertising, it still suffers from click fraud