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阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
In 1954 a turning point in medical history, resulting from applied bionics; was the first “open heart” surgery done in Minneapolis, Minnesota, by Dr. W. Lillehei's techniques for the first time allowed the patient to be operated on while blood was supplied to the patient from a donor. Today “open heart” surgery, using more complicated methods and bionic devices, is common in the United States.
Important technological advances such as those already mentioned have encouraged scientists to develop the artificial heart. Early in 1983, in its first use by a human patient, a medical team at the University of Utah Medical Center replaced the diseased heart by a Jarvik-7.
The world watched amazed as television pictures of Dr. Clark showed him as he improved steadily after the surgery. His continued life demonstrated, that a bionic device could imitate the action and function of a healthy heart. Dr. Clark lived for 112 days.
Life-like or bionic machines have existed for several centuries. The development of tools by man's ancestors is a good example of the application of bionics to extend human capabilities. Modern bionic research is especially involved in prosthetics devices that substitute for, or replace lost or diseased body parts such as arms, legs, and eyes.
Recent advances in electronics have enabled scientists to make better use of electrical impulses in the control of prosthetic devices. One interesting research project is the development of an artificial eye in which video signals are transformed into fight patterns that are sent into nerve receptors in the patient.
The future for applied bionics seems to be promising. Existing bionic devices will become smaller, faster, and more effective. The artificial heart used for Dr. Clark is only one of experimental replacement devices. It is likely to be joined in the future by replacements for other internal systems or organs.
Bionic livers, stomachs, and lungs are not impossibilities!
1．Which of the following does this passage mainly discuss?
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A．The application of bionics.
B．The first “open heart” surgery.
C．The development of the artificial heart.
D．The future of applied bionics.
2．According to the passage, it was Dr. C. W. Lillehei that ________.
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A．first developed applied bionics
B．was the first to operate on the heart of a patient
C．developed the artificial heart
D．used more sophisticated methods to do “open heart” surgery
3．By “Dr. Clark lived for 112 days”, the author most probably means that ________.
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A．the replacement of Dr. Clark's heart was a failure
B．there was still a long way to go in applied bionics
C．applied bionics was promising
D．the first artificial heart was most effective
4．The control of artificial devices is improving because ________.
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A．video signals can be transformed into light patterns
B．bionic machines have existed for centuries
C．artificial devices such as arms, legs and eyes require better control than bionic machines
D．science has made great advances in electronics
5．The author's attitude towards applied bionics is ________.
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Maxim Gorky was born of a worker’s family. At the age of five,
he lost his father. He s his childhood mainly in his grandfather’s 1. ________
home. When he was ten, his mother died _____ illness. His grandfather 2. ________
made him look for a job by h________. For ten years, young Gorky 3. ________
wandered about（流浪）. He did whatever kind of jobs he could f . He lived 4. ____
such a wandering not because he liked it, but because he wanted 5. ________
to see the great land w he lived and people around him. The life 6. ________
in those years made him _____（深深地）understand the pains on the 7. ________
working people and hate the old Russian ______（社会）. During 8. ________
the period he read all k of books with great interest, which 9. _______
provided him with （丰富的）materials to write his books later on. 10. ________
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