E

A century ago in the United States, when an individual brought suit against a company, public opinion tended to protect that company. But perhaps this phenomenon was most striking in the case of the railroads. Nearly half of all negligence cases decided through 1896 involved railroads. And the railroads usually won.

Most of the cases were decided in sate courts, when the railroads had the climate of the times on their sides. Government supported the railroad industry; the progress railroads represented was not to be slowed down by requiring them often to pay damages to those unlucky enough to be hurt working for them.

Court decisions always went against railroad workers. A Mr. Farwell, an engineer, lost his right hand when a switchman’s negligence ran his engine off the track. The court reasoned that since Farwell had taken the job of an engineer voluntarily at good pay, he had accepted the risk. Therefore the accident, though avoidable had the switchmen acted carefully, was a “pure accident”. In effect a railroad could never be held responsible for injury to one employee caused by the mistake of another.

In one case where a Pennsylvania Railroad worker had started a fire at a warehouse and the fire had spread several blocks, causing widespread damage, a jury found the company responsible for all the damage. But the court overturned the jury’s decision because it argued that the railroad’s negligence was the immediate cause of damage only to the nearest buildings. Beyond them the connection was too remote to consider.

As the century wore on, public sentiment began to turn against the railroads—against their economic and political power and high fares as well as against their callousness toward individuals.

72. Which of the following is NOT true in Farwell’s case?

A. Farwell was injured because he negligently ran his engine off the track.

B. Farwell would not have been injured if the switchman had been more careful.

C. The court argued that the victim had accepted the risk since he had willingly taken his job.

D. The court decided that the railroad should not be held responsible.

73. What must have happened after the fire case was settled in court?

A. The railroad compensated for the damage to the immediate buildings.

B. The railroad compensated for all the damage by the fire.

C. The railroad paid nothing for the damaged building.

D. The railroad worker paid for the property damage himself.

74. The following aroused public resentment EXCEPT _____.

A. political power   B. high fares    C. economic loss   D. indifference

75. What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. Railroad oppressing individuals in the US.

B. History of the US railroads.

C. Railroad workers’ working rights.

D. Law cases concerning the railroads.

E
A century ago in the United States, when an individual brought suit against a company, public opinion tended to protect that company. But perhaps this phenomenon was most striking in the case of the railroads. Nearly half of all negligence cases decided through 1896 involved railroads. And the railroads usually won.
Most of the cases were decided in sate courts, when the railroads had the climate of the times on their sides. Government supported the railroad industry; the progress railroads represented was not to be slowed down by requiring them often to pay damages to those unlucky enough to be hurt working for them.
Court decisions always went against railroad workers. A Mr. Farwell, an engineer, lost his right hand when a switchman’s negligence ran his engine off the track. The court reasoned that since Farwell had taken the job of an engineer voluntarily at good pay, he had accepted the risk. Therefore the accident, though avoidable had the switchmen acted carefully, was a “pure accident”. In effect a railroad could never be held responsible for injury to one employee caused by the mistake of another.
In one case where a Pennsylvania Railroad worker had started a fire at a warehouse and the fire had spread several blocks, causing widespread damage, a jury found the company responsible for all the damage. But the court overturned the jury’s decision because it argued that the railroad’s negligence was the immediate cause of damage only to the nearest buildings. Beyond them the connection was too remote to consider.
As the century wore on, public sentiment began to turn against the railroads—against their economic and political power and high fares as well as against their callousness toward individuals.
72. Which of the following is NOT true in Farwell’s case?
A. Farwell was injured because he negligently ran his engine off the track.
B. Farwell would not have been injured if the switchman had been more careful.
C. The court argued that the victim had accepted the risk since he had willingly taken his job.
D. The court decided that the railroad should not be held responsible.
73. What must have happened after the fire case was settled in court?
A. The railroad compensated for the damage to the immediate buildings.
B. The railroad compensated for all the damage by the fire.
C. The railroad paid nothing for the damaged building.
D. The railroad worker paid for the property damage himself.
74. The following aroused public resentment EXCEPT _____.
A. political power   B. high fares    C. economic loss   D. indifference
75. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Railroad oppressing individuals in the US.
B. History of the US railroads.
C. Railroad workers’ working rights.
D. Law cases concerning the railroads.

第三节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。      

It used to be our custom to take handmade baskets to friends on May Day．We would   21   baskets on a doorstep, knock on the door, and then run away as fast as our legs could   22   us．It was delightful to peer (窥视) around a bush and watch our friends open their   23   and pick up the colorful gift,   24   who had left it out for them.

I clearly   25   the May Day of the year when I turned ten．That year I was faced with a(an)   26   involving one of my dearest friends, Pam．We had studied and   27   together nearly every day, but things   28   after a new family had moved into our small town．Pam was spending more and more time at their house and I felt   29  and left out.

When my mother asked me   30   I was going to take a May Day basket to Pam’s house, I responded   31   , “Absolutely not! I hate Pam.” I began to cry.

Mom wiped away my   32   and told me that things and people change．She explained that one of the greatest things friends can do is to give each other a   33   to grow, to change and to develop, and that it’s   34   for one’s friends to spend time with other people.

 I   35  decided to give Pam a basket as a sign of forgiveness, and asked my sister to help me do it．As we watched from our   36   place, Pam picked up the basket and said loudly enough for us to hear, “Thank you, Susie, I hoped you wouldn’t   37   me!”

That day, I made a   38   that changed my life: I decided to hold my friends tightly in my heart, but   39    in my expectations of them, allowing them   40   to grow and to change—with or without me.

21．A．hang         B．place         C．throw           D．give

22．A．send          B．transport          C．carry            D．support

23．A．baskets         B．eyes             C．arms             D．doors

24．A．asking          B．wondering             C．mentioning      D．informing

25．A．remember      B．experience           C．remind                 D．grasp

26．A．plan          B．task              C．opportunity      D．challenge

27．A．lived         B．played             C．traveled           D．discussed

28．A．failed               B．finished           C．changed           D．proved

29．A．started          B．hurt              C．paid             D．injured

30．A．why                B．what           C．whether           D．how

31．A．anxiously      B．weakly           C．angrily            D．happily

32．A．tears          B．thoughts          C．unhappiness     D．freedom

33．A．reason          B．means           C．chance          D．direction

34．A．able          B．impossible       C．acceptable        D．doubtful

35．A．nearly             B．hardly             C．finally             D．generally

36．A．covering          B．hiding            C．cheering          D．passing

37．A．miss          B．forget              C．disturb             D．control

38．A．decision        B．mistake           C．suggestion        D．difference

39．A．deeply          B．shortly             C．highly             D．loosely

40．A．time          B．space            C．sense            D．care

There have been a number of robberies in the world. Some of them come off(成功) by a fluke(侥幸) ;many more, inevitably(必然地) , are ___1____ failures. The following two robberies can be said to be among the most __2__ ones.

Two men drove up to a bank , jumped out of their car, ran into the bank, __ 3___ the cashier, took a suitcase full of money from him, and ran out of the bank ___4___ to find that someone had stolen their __5__ car.
In 1975, three men tried to___ 6___ the Royal Bank of Scotland in Rothesay. Their first problem was that they got ___7___ in the revolving( 旋转的) door of the bank. They ___8___ to ask the bank staff to free them. When they were free, they thanked the staff for their help and ___9 __. A few minutes later they returned. This time they got ___10 __the revolving doors and told the bank staff to ____11___ on the floor. The bank staff just laughed at them and __12__ their work.
The leader of the three ___13__ $ 5, 000. When no one paid any attention to him he asked for $ 500 and __14__ $5.
The chief cashier of the bank thought that was so ___15___, and burst out laughing. __16 ___ now , the leader of the three leapt over the counter at the cashier. He __17__ his foot on the top of the counter and fell to the ground, __18 __his ankle.
The other two members __19__ to get away ___20__something else went wrong , but they got stuck again in he revolving doors.
1. A. possible B. obvious C. important D. total
2. A. unhappy B. dangerous C. stupid　 D. terrible
3. A. held up B. took away C. broke up　 D. put up
4. A. surely B. only C. even　 D accidentally
5. A. expensive B. fast C. getaway　 D. stolen
6. A. steal B. break into C. enter　 D. rob
7. A. hurt B. away C. arrested　 D stuck
8. A. wanted B. refused C. had　 D. pretended
9. A. went out B. got in C. disappeared　 D. gave up
10. A. across B. off’ C. through　 D. into
11. A. lie B. stand　 C. sit　 D. stay
12. A. stopped B. continued with C. left D. started
13. A. Look away B. found out C. wanted D. demanded
14. A. then B. finally C. even D. later
15. A. strange B. troubled C. funny D. exciting
16. A. Angry B. Excited C. Interested D. Disappointed
17. A. landed B. slipped C. injured D. caught
18. A. breaking B. losing C. hitting D. dropping
19. A. managed B. refused C. had D. decided
20. A. when B. while C. because D. before