A. B. formal C. group D. personal——青夏教育精英家教网—

摘要： A. B. formal C. group D. personal

网址：http://m.1010jiajiao.com/timu_id_2813372[举报]

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Although there is no formal process of selection, in larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment(招募)．

　　Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades(十年)of research have failed to produce evidence that there are any “natural leaders”．It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; or rather, any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group．

　　Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals．Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group．Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”．Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well－beings(福利)of a social group's members．Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them．

　　Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members．They give others and may discipline group members who inhibit(阻碍)attainment of the group's goals．Expressive leaders develop a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group．They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to solve problems that threaten to divide the group．As the difference between these two roles suggests, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect．

(1)

What does the passage mainly discuss?
[　　]
A．	The problems faced by leaders．
B．	How social groups determine who will lead them．
C．	How leadership differs in small and large groups．
D．	The role of leaders in social groups．

(2)

The passage mentions all of the following ways by which people can become leaders EXCEPT ________．
[　　]
A．	specific leadership training
B．	formal election process
C．	recruitment
D．	traditional cultural patterns

(3)

Which of the following statements about leadership can be inferred from Paragraph 2?
[　　]
A．	An effective leader of a particular group may not be an effective leader in another group．
B．	Most people desire to be leaders but can produce little evidence of their qualifications．
C．	A person can best learn how to be an effective leader by studying research on leadership．
D．	Few people succeed in sharing a leadership role with another person．

(4)

In mentioning “natural leaders” in Line 4, the author is making the point that ________．
[　　]
A．	few people qualify as “natural leaders”
B．	“natural leaders” share a similar set of characteristics
C．	there is no proof that “natural leaders” exist
D．	“natural leaders” are easily accepted by the members of a group

(5)

The passage indicates that instrumental leaders generally focus on ________．
[　　]
A．	sharing responsibility with group members
B．	achieving a goal
C．	identifying new leaders
D．	ensuring harmonious relationships

查看习题详情和答案>>

The London Marathon is an annual event and of the thousands of runners who take part, many of them have a story to tell as to why they are running the 26.2 mile (42.2 km) course around London.
The men's race was won by Kenyan, Martin Lel, who finished the race in just two hours and five minutes, a personal best time for him. Irina Mikitenko was the winner of the women's race and this was astonishingly only her second race at marathon distance!
There was also a group of 24 runners who have competed in every single one of the 28 London marathons. Jeff Aston is one of them and at 60 years old, he finished in just over three and a half hours.
A lot of the non-competitive runners take part in the marathon to raise money for charity. Jeff estimates he has raised about ￡25,000 (350,000 RMB) over the 28 years he has been running.
Jane Tomlinson is a well-known name in the UK. She raised millions for charity doing long cycle rides, marathons and triathlons while struggling against terminal cancer, a battle she sadly lost last year. In honor of Jane, her husband and daughter took part in the marathon. They managed to raise ￡20,000 (280,000 RMB) for a charity set up in Jane's name.
Another astonishing one was blind runner Dave Heeley completing the marathon. As if that wasn't enough, this was his seventh marathon in seven days, as he took part in a special challenge which took him to seven countries.
【小题1】Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

A．A Variety of Athletic Runners	B．London Marathon
C．Inspirational Event	D．Astonishing Marathon Stories

【小题2】What do we know from the passage?

A．The London Marathon is held every year to raise money for charity.

B．Jane Tomlinson together with her husband too

k part in the marathon.

C．Dave Heeley is an inspiring marathon runner.

D．Kenyan, Martin Lel won the men's race just over three and a half hours.

【小题3】The underlined word “triathlons” in the fifth paragraph probably refers to .

A．a formal meeting	B．a special challenge
C．a kind of disease	D．an athletic competition

查看习题详情和答案>>

阅读理解

　　Since the Second World War, there has been an obvious trend, especially among the growing group of college students, toward early marriage．Many youths begin dating in the first stage of adolescence,“go steady”through high school, and marry before their formal education has been completed．In some quarters, there is much shaking of graying heads over the unacceptable ways of youth．However, emotional(情感的)maturity does not grow with age; it does not arrive automatically at twenty-one or twenty-five．Some achieve it surprisingly early, while others never do, even in three-score years and ten．

　　Many students are marrying as an escape, not only from an unsatisfying home life, but also from their own personal problems of loneliness．However, any marriage' entered into as an escape cannot prove entirely successful．The sad fact is that marriage seldom solves one's problems; more often, it merely worsens them．What's more, it is doubtful whether the home is able to carry all that the young are seeking; they might abandon one idol(幻像)only to have another．Young people correctly understand that their parents are wrong in believing that success is the most important in life, but they themselves are wrong in believing that they have found the true center of life's meaning．Their expectations of marriage are basically unrealistic and therefore can not be met．They want too much, and tragic disillusionment(幻想破灭)is often likely to follow．

　　Shall we, then, join the chorus of those against early marriages?One cannot generalize：all early marriages are bad and all later ones are good．Satisfactory marriages are determined not by how old one is, but by the emotional maturity of the partners．Therefore, each case must be judged on its own benefits．If the early marriage is not an escape, if it is entered into with relatively few false expectations, and if it is economically workable, why not?Good marriages can be made from sixteen to sixty, and so can bad ones．

(1)

The underlined phrase' shaking of graying heads, refers to ________．
[　　]
A．	the anger of parents
B．	the disapproval of elderly people
C．	the improper behaviors of the young
D．	the emotional expectations of young lovers

(2)

The author thinks the idea of marriage as an escape is ________．
[　　]
A．	acceptable
B．	controversial
C．	immature
D．	unreasonable

(3)

The author argues that ________．
[　　]
A．	young people can benefit little from early marriage marriages
B．	elderly people are wrong about early marriages
C．	early marriages are not always unsuccessful
D．	early marriages should not be encouraged

(4)

What's the main idea of the passage?
[　　]
A．	Young people's failure in marriage results from disillusionment．
B．	Young people shouldn't have many expectations for marriage．
C．	Successful marriages depend on emotional maturity．
D．	Home is the place where you get rid of loneliness．

查看习题详情和答案>>

阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给也的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching．On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched．We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming pupils．It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates．It can have a bad effect on both the right and the not-so-bright child．After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!

　　Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability．This is only one aspect of their total personality．We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability．We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning．

　　In our classrooms, we work in various ways．The pupils often work in groups： This gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills．They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively．The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher．

　　Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed．They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate．We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently．An advanced pupil can do advanced work： it does not matter what age the child is．We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal．

(1)

By “held back”(the underlined part of the first sentence)the author means “ ________ ”．
[　　]
A．	drawn to their studies
B．	prevented from advancing
C．	made to remain in the same class
D．	forced to study in the lower class

(2)

The author argues that a teacher's chief concern should be the development of the pupil's ________．
[　　]
A．	total personality
B．	intellectual ability
C．	personal qualities
D．	communicative skills

(3)

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the third paragraph?
[　　]
A．	Pupils also learn to develop their reasoning abilities．
B．	Pupils also learn how to participate in teaching activities．
C．	Pupils learn to work together with others．
D．	Pupils learn to be good organizers．

(4)

The author's purpose of writing this passage is to ________．
[　　]
A．	offer advice on the proper use of the library
B．	recommend pair work and group work for classroom activities
C．	argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same class
D．	emphasize the importance of appropriate classroom teaching

查看习题详情和答案>>

第三部分阅读理解（共15小题，每题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
We find that bright children are seldom held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming(按能力分班) pupils. It does not consider the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have had effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright children. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be the bottom of the top grade.
Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual(智力) ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We care much about the development of all the pupils’ abilities to the full, not just their study ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching does good to these aspects of learning.
In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups; this gives them the chance to learn to work together, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to deal with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze(分析) an devaluate(评价) and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teachers.
Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual(个人) tasks, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is proper. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this well. An advanced pupil can do advanced work and it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to achieve this goal.
56. By “held back” in the first paragraph, the writer means “________”.
A. made to remain in the same class            B. forced to study in the lower class
C. drawn away form their studies         D. prevented from advancing
57. The writer’s purpose of writing this passage is to ________.
A. argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same class
B. advise pair work and group work for classroom activity
C. offer advice on the proper use of the library
D. tell us the importance of proper formal classroom teaching
58. What would be the best title for the text?
A. Pair work.      B. Group work.    C. Mixed-ability teaching    D. Individual tasks.

查看习题详情和答案>>

试题分类