It's not a new phenomenon, but have you noticed how many nouns are being used as verbs? We all use them, often without noticing what we're doing.

I was arranging to meet someone for dinner last week, and I said “I’ll pencil it in my diary”, and my friend said “You can ink it in”, meaning that it was a firm arrangement not a tentative one!

Many of these new verbs are linked to new technology. An obvious example is the word fax. We all got used to sending and receiving faxes, and then soon started talking about faxing something and promising we'd fax it immediately. Then along came email, and we were soon all emailing each other madly. How did we do without it? I can hardly imagine life without my daily emails.

Email reminds me, of course, of my computer and its software, which has produced another couple of new verbs. On my computer I can bookmark those pages from the World Wide Web that I think I'll want to look at again, thus saving all the effort of remembering their addresses and calling them up from scratch. I can do the same thing on my PC, but there I don't bookmark; I favorite—coming from “favorite pages”, so the verb comes from an adjective not a noun.

Now my children bought me a mobile phone, known simply as a mobile and I had to learn yet more new verbs. I can message someone, that is, I can leave a message for them on their phone. Or I can text them, write a few words suggesting when and where to meet, for example. How long will it be before I can mobile them, that is, phone them using my mobile? I haven’t heard that verb yet, but I’m sure I will soon. Perhaps I’ll start using it myself!

1.“I’ll pencil it in my diary” in the second paragraph probably means          .

A．it was a firm arrangement

B．he prefers a pencil to a pen

C．the arrangement should be written as a diary

D．it was an uncertain arrangement

2.A website address can be easily found if it has been______.

A．favorited          B．messaged         C．emailed           D．texted

3.Which of the following has not been used as a verb yet?

A．message          B．mobile            C．email             D．page

4.The best title for this passage is____.

A．Technology and Language.　　             B．Development of the English language

C．New Technology and New words            D．New Verbs from Nouns

阅读理解

　　In order to communicate thoughts and feelings, there must be a conventional system of signs or symbols which mean the same to the sender and the receiver.

　　The means of sending communications are too numerous and varied for systematic classification; therefore, the analysis must begin with the means of receiving communication. Reception of communication is achieved by our senses. Sight. hearing and touch play the most important roles.

　　Examples of visual communication are gesture and mimicry. Although both frequently accompany speech, there are systems that rely solely on sight, such as those used by deaf and dumb persons. Another means of communicating visually is by signals of fire, smoke, flags, or flashing lights. Feelings may be simply communicated by touch, such as handshaking or backslapping, although a highly developed system of handshaking has enabled blind, deaf, and dumb persons to communicate intelligently. Whistling to someone, applauding in a theater and other forms of communication by sound rely upon the ear as a receiver. The most fully developed form of auditory communication is, of course, the spoken language.

　　The means of communication mentioned so far have two features(特点)in common; they last only a short time, and the persons involved must be relatively close to each other. Therefore, all are restricted in time and space.

1．Why does the author explain that he will deal with reception of communication first?

[　　]

A．communication actually takes place when the message is received

B．there are more means of receiving than sending communications

C．it is difficult to organize by type the means of sending communications

D．reception of communications involved use of the senses

2．Applauding is specifically mentioned as an example of ________.

[　　]

A．a simple system of visual communication

B．communication by touch

C．gesture and mimicry

D．communication by sound

3．Which of the following statements about communication by touch is true?

[　　]

A．It is possible to communicate intelligently by touch alone

B．Touch must accompany visual communication

C．Touch is not important as a means of communication

D．There is no well－developed system of communication based on touch

4．Which of the following statements about the ways of communicating ideas and feelings mentioned in the passage is false?

[　　]

A．They can be used to communicate over long distances

B．They require both a sender and a receiver

C．They involve use of conventional signs and symbols

D．They utilize the senses for reception

5．The author specifically mentions that speech is ________.

[　　]

A．necessary for satisfactory communication by gesture

B．the only highly developed form system of communication

C．often used when communicating by touch

D．the mast developed form of communication based on hearing

He wrote a lot of novels, none of _____ translated into a foreign language.?

　　A. them　  B. which ?C . it　 D. what??

　　Is it possible that the people of the world today could agree upon a single international language that everyone would be able to speak and understand?

　　In the United Nations there are five official languages-English, Chinese,

Russian, French and Spanish. How about making one of them into an international language? English has been worked on for this purpose. A basic word list of 850 English words named Basic English was made. These are the only verbs in the entire list,“come, go, give, keep, let, do, put, make, say, be, seem, may, will, have, send.”Writing in Basic English may require you to use a greater number of words-as in having to say“It came to my ears”instead of I heard-but you can still say anything you want to with just 850 different words and a few sufixes（后缀）and prefixes（前缀）．This is a much smaller number of words to have to remember than the ordinary number offered to the students of a foreign language.

　　But people have always had a need to do more than simply“Tell it as it is”. Language is for reporting not only one's work. For this, a language needs idioms, needs all kinds of grammar and style（文体）that show its history and development just as a person needs eyebrows（眉毛）. Is there some special reason why our lips should be a different color from the rest of our face? Perhaps not, but this is how people-real people-are. For communication between people, languages of all kinds will remain to reflect（反映）the growth and soul of the societies that speak them.

(1) The phrase“tell it as it is”in the third paragraph means __________.

[　　]

A．people can use Basic English to say what they want to

B．people think Basic English can express what they see or hear

C．people say what they want to according to the fact

D．people tell something they like to

(2) If we write a composition in Basic English, it will be________.

[　　]

A．longer than usual

B．shorter than usual

C．hard for us to express what we want to

D．able to express ourselves in different style as we like to

(3) Which of the following Statements is NOT true?

[　　]

A．Basic English is easier for students to learn.

B．Languages are like mirrors which can reflect the growth of the mankind.

C．Grammar and idioms are still necessary for us when we are learning a language.

D．Basic English will take the place not only of Queen's English, but also of the other languages in the world.

(4) This passage begins with a question．According to the writer's opinion, the answer to the question may be _________.

[　　]

A．it will be possible in the future

B．it seems to be possible if people agree to use Basic English

C．it seems impossible that people can use a simple language to express them-selves in various lives

D．it is impossible except that five official UN languages are used at the same time

(5) Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

[　　]

A．The words used in Basic English are strictly limited to 850, and nothing more.

B．Basic English is not a natural development of the English language.

C．Basic English can be used to express our thought easily.

D．Basic English seems not so easy to learn.

Can you communicate with others when you live in a foreign country with no or little knowledge of its language? Of course, it is possible. You can communicate your moods and intentions to one another without words, because all human beings share a lot of common visual（看见的）signals. These signals are as effective as words during communication.

The gestures of the head play a key role in body language. The movements of eyes and eyebrows are as important as head movements in body language.

　　Besides the gestures of the head or the movements of the eyes and eyebrows, the action of arms, hands and legs is also a large part of body language. Extending one's arm and shaking hands with others is a greeting in both formal and informal cases. This part of body language might date back to primary tribes（部落）.

　　Like handshaking, there are still many other forms of body language presented by hands. Raising one's hand and making a circle with his thumb（拇指）and for finger signals, that something is OK. Clasped（握紧的）hands raised above the head, a traditional picture accepted by sportsmen after winning a fight, is a display of triumph that grows out of a kind of feeling following a victory. Waving one's hands, a speaker can make his words more powerful and vigorous（有活力的）.

　　Besides hand gestures, there are times when a person says something with his legs as well as with his head and eyes. The leg gestures often reflect one's attitude towards something or someone that person is with.

　　According to the above facts, body language has offered a more reliable（可靠的）way to understand one's mind by means of gestures. Though it is soundless and wordless, once you understand it, you will feel the world is bigger than you realized.

1. Which of the following is the proper title for this passage?

2.After reading the passage we can conclude that ________.

3.What's the characteristic of body language?

4.When sports men win a match, they probably ________.