摘要： demand v. & n. 要求.需要 1) n. 要求.需要 It is impossible to satisfy all demands. 有求必应是不可能的. Teachers are in great demand in this area. 在这个地区很需要教师. 2) v. 要求.需要 I demand that John go there at once. 我要约翰马上去那儿. This work demands your patience. 这项工作需要你的耐心. [考点3]demand的用法 ▲搭配: ① supply and demand 供需 ② refuse / reject one's demand(s) 拒绝某人的要求 ③ satisfy / meet / fulfill one's demand(s) 满足某人的 要求 ④ demand a reasonable explanation / answer 要求合理解释／答复 ⑤ make strict demands on sb in sth 严格要求某人= be strict with sb in sth ▲ 句型: ① sb demand to do sth 要求做某事 ② sb demand that主语 + do sth 要求某人做 某事 ③ sb demand of sb to do sth = demand one's doing sth 要求某人做某事 ④ make the demand that主语 + do sth 要求 某人做某事 ⑤ sb. demand sth of / from sb 向某人要 求某事／某物 ⑥ sth demand sth 需要 ⑦ sb / sth be in great / high demand 急 需-- ⑧ There is much / a great / no demand for sb / sth (in sp.) 某地急需／不需要-- ▲辨析:demand,require 两词均意为“需要.需求 .但demand指大胆地.权威性 地要求对方或自己认为有权利向某人提供某物或提出 做某事·其后不接动名词.可接名词或不定式.被要求 人小直接作demand的宾语.require指因有需要或有 权要求某物或做某事.含有权威性和公正性的语气. [Ir指根据事物内在原因提出的要求.demand.require 后接宾语从句时．都要用虚拟语气. ▲ 友情提示: (1) 禁止使用demand sb to do sth 结构. (2)“某地急需- 还可表达为 ① sth be in great need in sp. ② sb / sp. be in great need of sth ③ sp. is short of sth 紧缺-- [考例3l She us to go there at once. A. demanded B. hoped C. required D. refused [考查目标] 动词的常见结构及用法. [答案与解析]C demand和hope.refuse都只能直接 接to如作宾语.而不接sb to do sth结构. [考点9]discuss的用法 ▲ 构词:discussion讨论,议论,辩论,论述,商议 ▲ 搭配: ① discuss sth in groups 分组讨论某事 ② (be) under discussion = (be) being discussed --(正)在讨论巾 ③ take part in a discussion 讨论 ▲句型: ① discuss sth 讨论某事 ② discuss wh- + to do sth / wh- + clause / how sth should be done ③ discuss doing sth 讨论干某事 ④ Discussion(s) be going on among sb about sth 某人 就某事展开了讨论 ⑤ sth come up for discussion 某事(被)提出讨论 ⑥ have / hold a discussion about / on / o- ver sth 如何讨论有关某事 常见形容词有heated .stormy (激 烈的).further .friendly .long (长时 间).much .full ,have another discussion about / on sth 再次讨论有关某事 ▲友情提示:discuss是及物动词.后面不能再跟about. 但用名词discussion表达讨论某事时.则必须跟about 或on. [考例9]After the meeting.you should about the topic of the subject with the famous scientist. A. discuss B. quarrel C. debate D. fight [考查目标] 考查动词的词义与辨析. [答案与解析]A discuss 表示“讨论 ,quarrel表示“争 吵 ,debate 表示“争辩 ,fight 表示“打斗 . [考点lO]end的用法 ▲ 构词: ① ending n. 结尾,结局 ② endless adj. 无穷尽的,无休止的 ③ endlessly adv. 无穷尽地,无休止地 ▲ 搭配: ① at the end (of) 在--最后,在--尽头 ② end up 结束,终结,告终 ③ end up with 以--告终 ④ end in success / failure 以成功／失败而告终 ⑤ put an end to sth 结束-- ⑥ sth come to an end --结束了 ⑦ sth draw to an end 接近尾声 ⑧ bring sth to an end 使--结束 ⑨ call for / demand an end to sth 要求结束-- ⑩ in the end 最后,终于 ⑩ at the end 最后 ⑩ at the end of + 在--末尾 ⑩ by the end of 到--为止 ⑩ at the other end of... 在--的那一头 ⑩ at either end of 在--的任一头 ⑩ fight to the end 战斗到底 ▲ 句型: ① by the end of + 过去时间; by the end of + 将来时间(主语 + will have + pp.) ② sth end (up) with...,sb end up...with... 以--结束 ③ sth end ... --结束了 end sth 结束 ▲辨析:complete,end,finish 该组词均有“完成.结束.终止 之意.但end为普通用 词.指一种活动因达到目的而自然结束或因某一原因 突然终止.可以用来作业.演讲.争论.旅行.战争或生 命等的结束.终止.还可用作名词.finish为常用词. 指完成一件事或一个动作.强调圆满地结束已着手的 事情.可与名词.动名词搭配.但不能与不定式搭配. complete正式用语.与finish基本同义.着重指完成预 定的任务．多用来指完成整个计划.工程系统.一个作 家可以说 complete 或 finish 他的小说.而一个 读者只能说 finish 一本小说.complete 可以表 示使某事物完善.补足缺少的部分.使之成为一个整 体.而 finish 则不能.例如: He ended his letter with good wishes to the family. 他 以向全家问好结束他的信. He has finished writing a speech. 他写好了一篇发言 稿. He completed the whole job in two days. 他用两天时间 做完了全部工作. [考例10] By the end of last year, an- other new gymnasium ln Beijing. A. would be completed B. was being completed C. has been completed D. had been completed [考查目标] 考查时态的具体运用. [答案与解析]D By the end of last year 暗示要使用 过去完成时态.

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