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Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic（流行病） of sleepiness in the nation．“I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr．David．Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest．
The beginning of our sleep-deficit（lack）crises can be traced back to the invention of the light bulb a century ago．From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night．“The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark．” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock．“People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it,” says Dr．David．“They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally energetic. ”
Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researches say, is the complexity of the day．Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programs．“In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you need only 5．5 hours’ sleep．If you’ve got to get 8．5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition．”
To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier．“We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr．David．“Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate．”
1.What is the main topic of the passage?
A. The history of people’s sleeping patterns．
B. The epidemic of sleepiness in the modern times．
C. Research on the causes and consequences of sleep-deficit．
D. The minimum of our sleeping hours．
2.Which of the following is Dr．David’s opinion?
A. People’s metal power suffers if they are lacking in sleep．
B. Some people can remain energetic with only 6．5 hours’ sleep a night．
C. If they get 8．5 hours’ sleep, people will be full of drive and ambition．
D. People who think they are sleeping enough are better off than those who don't．
3.People in the 18th and 19th centuries slept about 9．5 hours a night because _______．
A. they had no electricity
B. they knew what was best for their health
C. they were forced by their parents to do so
D. they were not so dynamic and ambitious as modern people are
4.The major cause of sleep-deficit of modern people is _______．
A. the endless TV programs in the evenings and the internet
B. the heavy work load of the day
C. the sufficient energy modern people usually have
D. loud noises in the modern cities
5.What does the word “subjects” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Person or thing that is being discussed or described．
B. Branch of knowledge studied in a school．
C. Person or thing being treated in a certain way or being experimented on．
D. Any member of a State apart from the supreme ruler．
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The goal is to offer electronic(电子的) versions of more than 10,000 children’s books in at least 100 languages.
Project developers have been working with children to design easy ways to search the collection and read the books. An image of each page appears on the computer. Users can also print copies on paper.
Officials say the project has been designed for two main groups of users. The first is children between the ages of three and thirteen, along with their teachers and parents.
The second group is researchers in the area of children’s literature. The books chosen for the collection are meant to help children understand the world in which they live.
Literature is one way to teach young people about new ideas. The idea behind the collection is that an interesting story not only helps children understand who they are, but may also influences their desire to explore the world.
Project organizers say they have chosen books that show the similarities and differences in ways of life around the world. The aim is to create a greater understanding of other people’s cultures and beliefs. The International Children’s Digital Library is also an attempt to use technology to strengthen libraries around the world.
The digital library is a project of the University of Maryland and the Internet Archive(档案馆). The Internet Archive is building an electronic library of Internet sites and other digital collections as a cultural record.
The Children’s Library project is supported by the National Science Foundation and the Institute of Museum and Library Services. The Library of Congress and other organizations are also involved. The first materials appeared in 2002.
The goal is to have all 10,000 books online in 2007. So far, the collection contains more than 500 books.
1. What might be the most suitable title of the text?
A. International Children’s Digital Library.
B. How to Find Children’s Books on Internet
C. Aims of International Children’s Digital Library.
D. Organizers of International Children’s Digital Library.
2. The underlined word “charge” in the first paragraph means ___.
A. a spoken or written statement B. the price asked for a service
C. a rushing forceful attack D. a person or thing for which is responsible
3. The purpose of setting up the International Children’s Digital Library is to ___.
A. improve children’s grades
B. offer children electronic books
C. teach children how to find information through computers
D. help children learn foreign languages themselves
4. How many books can you find in the International Children’s Digital Library so far?
A. 10,000 B. less than 500 C. 1,000 D. more than 500
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Looking for a good children’s book? Internet users can find hundreds of them. These books are from around the world. And they are free of charge. The project is called the International Children’s Digital (数字) Library.
The goal is to offer electronic(电子的) versions of more than 10,000 children’s books in at least 100 languages.
Project developers have been working with children to design easy ways to search the collection and read the books. An image of each page appears on the computer. Users can also print copies on paper.
Officials say the project has been designed for two main groups of users. The first is children between the ages of three and thirteen, along with their teachers and parents.
The second group is researchers in the area of children’s literature. The books chosen for the collection are meant to help children understand the world in which they live.
Literature is one way to teach young people about new ideas. The idea behind the collection is that an interesting story not only helps children understand who they are, but may also influences their desire to explore the world.
Project organizers say they have chosen books that show the similarities and differences in ways of life around the world. The aim is to create a greater understanding of other people’s cultures and beliefs. The International Children’s Digital Library is also an attempt to use technology to strengthen libraries around the world.
The digital library is a project of the University of Maryland and the Internet Archive(档案馆). The Internet Archive is building an electronic library of Internet sites and other digital collections as a cultural record.
The Children’s Library project is supported by the National Science Foundation and the Institute of Museum and Library Services. The Library of Congress and other organizations are also involved. The first materials appeared in 2002.
The goal is to have all 10,000 books online in 2007. So far, the collection contains more than 500 books.
1. What might be the most suitable title of the text?
A. International Children’s Digital Library.
B. How to Find Children’s Books on Internet
C. Aims of International Children’s Digital Library.
D. Organizers of International Children’s Digital Library.
2. The underlined word “charge” in the first paragraph means ___.
A. a spoken or written statement B. the price asked for a service
C. a rushing forceful attack D. a person or thing for which is responsible
3. The purpose of setting up the International Children’s Digital Library is to ___.
A. improve children’s grades
B. offer children electronic books
C. teach children how to find information through computers
D. help children learn foreign languages themselves
4. How many books can you find in the International Children’s Digital Library so far?
A. 10,000 B. less than 500 C. 1,000 D. more than 500
查看习题详情和答案>>
完形填空
At first, I couldn't believe it. There were no desks in rows; no bells; no one had to go to class. Though we all lived“ 1 ”, nobody made us go to bed at a certain time; there was no“light out”.
The strange thing is 2 practically all the students went to class, and 3 people stayed up late at night. Only the new people stayed up or 4 class. The new ones always went wild at first, but this 5 lasted long. It took some getting used to the 6 . Our teacher treated us like grown-ups; never did we have to 7 “stand up”, “sit down”, or“speak out”. I don't 8 one student who didn't try his best.
The subjects were the same as those in 9 schools, but what a difference in the approach(=way of dealing with a person or thing)! For example, in botany(植物学)we had 10 classes in spring or fall, but instead we 11 two gardens, a vegetable garden and a flower garden. Then in 12 each of us studied a few particular things about what we 13 . In math the students built three different kinds of storerooms-small ones 14 but usable. They did this instead of having lessons in the classroom. They really had a 15 time too, designing everything, drawing the blueprints, 16 out the angles(角度)and so on. I didn't take math. I can't stand it! 17 , I could do the basic things with numbers. That's enough.
On the whole, I think I am a 18 person for having gone to the school. I can read and write as well as anyone else of my age, 19 I can think better. That's probably a real difference between the free school and regular school-the amount of 20 .
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Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic（流行病） of sleepiness in the nation．“I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr．David．Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest．
The beginning of our sleep-deficit（lack）crises can be traced back to the invention of the light bulb a century ago．From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night．“The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark．” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock．“People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it,” says Dr．David．“They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally energetic. ”
Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researches say, is the complexity of the day．Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programs．“In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you need only 5．5 hours’ sleep．If you’ve got to get 8．5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition．”
To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier．“We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr．David．“Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate．”
61．What is the main topic of the passage?
A. The history of people’s sleeping patterns．
B. The epidemic of sleepiness in the modern times．
C. Research on the causes and consequences of sleep-deficit．
D. The minimum of our sleeping hours．
62．Which of the following is Dr．David’s opinion?
A. People’s metal power suffers if they are lacking in sleep．
B. Some people can remain energetic with only 6．5 hours’ sleep a night．
C. If they get 8．5 hours’ sleep, people will be full of drive and ambition．
D. People who think they are sleeping enough are better off than those who don't．
63．People in the 18th and 19th centuries slept about 9．5 hours a night because _______．
A. they had no electricity
B. they knew what was best for their health
C. they were forced by their parents to do so
D. they were not so dynamic and ambitious as modern people are
64．The major cause of sleep-deficit of modern people is _______．
A. the endless TV programs in the evenings and the internet
B. the heavy work load of the day
C. the sufficient energy modern people usually have
D. loud noises in the modern cities
65．What does the word “subjects” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Person or thing that is being discussed or described．
B. Branch of knowledge studied in a school．
C. Person or thing being treated in a certain way or being experimented on．
D. Any member of a State apart from the supreme ruler．
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